119年前7月9日这一天 我们祖上先人聚集太原抚院门前 围观山西巡抚毓贤 就是这样砍下46名镇定自若 刚毅泰然 不喊不叫 静静殉道外国传教男女和孩子们的头颅
On Monday, July 9, 1900, an order came from the Governor to the party confined in the house on the Chu-tu-h'siang, that they were to be brought to his Yamen 衙门 , in order to be sent off under escort to the coast. One can well imagine with what alacrity all got them- selves ready in anticipation of their journey to a place of safety. 
山西太原抚院大门口，光绪庚子杀害基督教士即在此处。此图拍摄地点与标注存疑。 
山西巡抚毓贤 On arrival at the Yamen, however, they were speedily undeceived. They were all ranged in line outside the Yamen entrance in the open space next to the street. The whole number of men, women, and children were then stripped to the waist like common criminals, and were made to wait in this degrading condition till the Governor came out to inspect them. On his arrival, he asked of what nation- ality they were, and some one replied, ' Ta ying Kuo ' 大英国 (' Great heroic nation ' : the official title for England). At this the Governor laughed scornfully, and at once gave the order for the murder of the prisoners. The first to suffer martyrdom was Mr. Farthing of the English Baptist Mission. His wife clung to him, but he gently put her aside, and, going in front of the soldiers, knelt down without uttering a word, and then received the death-blow. He was speedily followed by Messrs. Hoddle and Beynon, and Drs. Lovitt and Wilson, all of whom were beheaded by the executioner with one blow. Then the Governor, Yii Hsien 毓贤, getting impatient, ordered his bodyguard to assist in the massacre. Messrs. Stokes and Simpson were next killed, one or two after several blows from the knives of the executioners. When the men were all despatched, the ladies were taken. Mrs. Farthing had hold of the hands of her children, who clung to her, but the soldiers roughly parted them, and with one blow beheaded their mother. The children were beheaded by the executioners in turn at a single blow, but the soldiers, being unskilled, required several blows to finish their victims.
被先后斩首的英国 George Bryant Farthing 夫妇及三个孩子 Mrs. Lovitt was wearing her spectacles, and held the hand of her little boy even when she was killed. She said to the people, ' We all came to China to bring you the good news of salvation by Jesus Christ. We have done you no harm, but only sought your good ; why do you treat us so?' A soldier took off her spectacles before beheading her, which was done in two blows. 
When the Protestants belonging to T'ai-yuen-fu 太原府 were beheaded, the Roman Catholics were led forward. The Bishop, an old man with a large white beard, asked the Governor why he did this wicked deed. For an answer, the Governor drew his sword across the face of the Bishop, causing the blood to flow down his beard, and he was then speedily massacred. The priests and nuns quickly followed him in death. Then Mr. Pigott and his party were led out of the county jail, which was close by. Mr. Pigott preached to the people till the very last. Mr. Robinson suffered death very calmly. Mrs. Pigott held the hand of her son even when she was beheaded, and he was killed immediately after her. Miss Duval and the two Atwater girls were then despatched, finishing the ghastly tragedy, so far as the Europeans were concerned although on that day and subsequently many native Christians, both Catholic and Protestant, were massacred.
All the bystanders were surprised at the firmness and quietness of the foreigners in the hour of death. None of them made any noise except three of the children.
Forty-six Europeans — thirty-four Protestants and twelve Roman Catholics — suffered martyrdom at this time, besides Miss E. Coombs, who died on June 27. The bodies were all left where they fell till the next morning, as it was evening before the work was finished. During the night, they were stripped of their clothing and robbed of their rings and watches. The next day, the remains were removed to a place inside the South Gate, and were finally (some months afterwards) interred in a cemetery which was situated about two miles from the city, on the top of a hill. This was specially pre- pared for their interment by the then Governor of the province. After the massacre, all the houses of the foreigners and the Roman Catholic Cathedral were looted and destroyed.
谷歌译文：
1900年7月9日星期一，命令来自 巡抚，让把传教士们拘押在房子里 Chu-tu-h'siang，他们被带到了他的衙门门前， 说是为了护送他们去海边。 人们可以想象所有人都振作欢乐起来 - 自己准备好迎接他们前往一个安全地方的旅程 然而，在到达衙门时，他们 他们很快就发现被欺骗了 在空旷的衙门入口外面 在街道旁边。这些传教士男人，女人， 还有11名孩子们都被剥光了上衣至腰部，就像 普通囚犯那样，被迫在此等待 直到巡抚大人出来。当他走出来时，他询问了 一位传教士，你从哪个国家来 - 对方回答说，'Ta ying Kuo' 大英国 （'伟大的英雄国家'：中国对英国的官方称号）。 听罢，巡抚大人轻蔑地笑了起来 下达了谋杀囚徒的命令。 第一个遭受殉难的是 George Bryant Farthing 先生 英国浸信会的牧师。他的妻子紧紧抓住 他，但他轻轻地把她推开一边，然后走到前面 跪了下来，一言未发， 他受到了致命的刀砍。很快地 随后是霍德尔和贝农先生以及博士。 洛维特和威尔逊，所有人都被斩首。 这时，巡抚毓贤变得不耐烦起来， 命令他的侍卫帮忙快点杀完。斯托克斯和辛普森先生 惨遭数次砍杀，他们被砍了两次。 所有男人们都被杀掉后，女士们被带了过来 ...... Farthing 太太 死死抓住她的孩子们的手，他们也紧紧依偎着妈妈。 但士兵们粗暴地把他们拉开，刽子手先是一刀 砍下来母亲的头颅，随后一刀一刀砍向三个幼童。 刀法显然不娴熟的士兵，竟然连砍了好几刀。
洛维特夫人戴着眼镜，握着她的小男孩子的手。 她对人们说，'我们到中国来带给你们 耶稣基督拯救世人的福音。我们没有带给你们 任何伤害，只有好处; 一名士兵摘掉了她的眼镜，这是两个人实施的 砍杀。 当新教徒属于T'ai-yuen-fu 被斩首的罗马天主教徒被领导。 主教，一个留着大白胡子的老人问道 巡抚你为什么要做这么邪恶的屠杀， 巡抚把剑刺向主教脸部，霎时鲜血迸发四溅， 然后他迅速被屠杀。祭司们 和修女很快就死了。 随后，皮戈特先生和他的一行人被带出了 县监狱，附近.Pigott先生讲道 对人们说到最后。罗宾逊先生受了伤 平静地死了.Pigott夫人牵着她的手 儿子即使被斩首，他也被杀了 紧接着。杜瓦尔小姐和两个人 阿特沃特女孩随后被杀，完成了 可怕的悲剧，就欧洲人而言...... 在那一天，随后许多本地人 基督徒，无论是天主教徒还是新教徒，都被屠杀了。
All the bystanders were surprised at the firmness and quietness of the foreigners in the hour of death. None of them made any noise except three of the children.
所有旁观者都对这种坚定性感到惊讶 在死亡时刻外国人的安静， 除了11名儿童中三个小孩子外，他们没有发出任何声音。 四十六名欧洲人 - 三十四名新教徒和 十二位罗马天主教徒 - 在此遭受殉难 时间，除了在6月27日去世的E. Coombs小姐。 尸体全部留在他们倒下的地方直到下一个 早上，因为它是在工作结束前的晚上。 在夜间，他们被剥光衣服 并抢劫他们的戒指和手表。第二天， 遗体被移到了南方的一个地方 门和鳍终于（几个月后）埋葬了 在距离大约两英里的墓地里 这个城市，位于山顶。这是特别预先 当时的总督干预了他们的干预 大屠杀之后，所有的房子 外国人和罗马天主教大教堂 洗劫和毁坏。
The heads of the six missionaries of the American Board at T'ai-ku were sent to the Governor in T'ai- yuen-fu. This made the full tale of fifty-one (not counting Miss Coombs), for which it was afterwards found Yu Hsien had claimed a reward from the Empress-Dowager in Peking. Mr. Fei-chi-hao, a school teacher employed by the American Board at Fen-cheu-fu, was the first to bring authentic news of this frightful massacre to his mission in Tientsin, in September. His escape and journey thither, which is detailed later, is a tale of almost incredible hardship and suffering, heroically borne in order to accomplish this service. When the news was telegraphed to England, it created a profound impression. 
Queen Victoria herself instructed Lord Salisbury to write, on September 20, 1900, to the Emperor of China, that—* It is reported that a number of missionaries have been killed, some by the direct orders of the Governor of Shansi, and that the fate of a still larger number, including children, is unknown. The Queen has been deeply moved by the dreadful accounts which have reached her. Until the Emperor has shown in some signal manner his disapproval of these shocking acts committed in the proximity of His Imperial Majesty's Court, and has issued stringent orders for the rescue of those sufferers who may still have survived. Lord Salisbury cannot advise Her Majesty to reply to the Emperor's message.' Some reparation was made for the awful tragedy enacted at that time. The infamous Yii Hsien was beheaded by command of the Emperor. The new Governor of Shan-si received a party of missionaries with every mark of respect, and a profoundly impressive service was held over the tombs of the sacred dead. The place where the martyrs were imprisoned has been razed to the ground, and a monument erected, and the place made into a public garden. The tablet erected by the people to Yii Hsien has been taken down, and replaced by one to the memory of the martyrs. In addition to this, at the suggestion of Rev. T. Richard, D.D., who had the honour of being pubHcly invited to propose a settlement of the matter, so far as Protestant missions were concerned, a fine has been levied on the province amounting to 500,000 taels (￡75,000, or $375,000, gold). This sum is to be used for educational purposes throughout the province, so that the ignorance and superstition which was the root cause of this terrible tragedy may be removed for ever. —— Excerpts from The China martyrs of 1900. A complete roll of the Christian heroes martyred in China in 1900, with narratives of survivors Published in 1904 https://archive.org/stream/chinamartyrsof1900fors/chinamartyrsof1900fors_djvu.txt
美国六位传教士的首级 T'ai-ku 被送到T'ai的总督 - yuen-fu。这制作了五十一个完整的故事（不算 小姐库姆斯），之后是 发现于贤先生已经获得了奖励 皇太后在北京。
上述所有这一切，由费智浩先生，一名受雇于该校的教师 Fen-cheu-fu的美国董事会是第一个带来的 这场可怕的大屠杀对他的使命的真实消息 9月在天津，他的逃亡和旅程 后面详述的这个故事几乎是一个故事 令人难以置信的艰辛和痛苦，英勇地承担 为了完成这项服务。 当这个消息被电报传给英格兰时 给维多利亚女王本人留下了深刻印象 指示索尔兹伯里勋爵于9月20日写信， 1900年，对中国的皇帝，*据报道 有些传教士被杀了 根据山西省长的直接命令和 更多人的命运，包括儿童， 不知道。女王深受感动 到了她的可怕帐户。直到 皇帝已经在某些信号中显示了他的类型 不赞成这些令人震惊的行为 靠近他的皇家陛下法院，并且有 发布了拯救这些受害者的严格命令 谁也可能幸存下来。索尔兹伯里勋爵不能 建议女王陛下回复皇帝的信息。 对可怕的悲剧进行了一些赔偿 当时颁布。臭名昭着的Yii Hsien 毓贤是 被慈禧指挥斩首。新的 山西省长接待了一群传教士 每一个尊重的标志，都令人印象深刻 在神圣的死者的墓葬上举行了服务。 烈士被监禁的地方有 被夷为平地，并竖立了一座纪念碑 这个地方被建成公共花园。竖立起来 由Yii Hsien的人民被拆除，并且 被一个人取代以纪念烈士 除此之外，根据牧师T. Richard的建议， D. D.，有幸受到酒吧邀请 就此事提出解决方案 对新教徒的任务感到担忧，罚款一直都是 对该省征收的金额达50万两 （75,000英镑，或375,000美元，黄金）。 这笔款项将被使用 为了全省的教育目的，所以 无知和迷信是根源 这场可怕悲剧的原因才有可能永远消失。
已丧失人性的毓贤下令大开杀戒，当场将五人斩首，这五个人均为天主教教士， 其中有两人为主教。其他的人被带至接见厅的庭院里，在那里被斩首。由于这些 传教士都穿着中国衣服，士兵们无法识别新教教徒与天主教徒，于是所有的妇女、 儿童都被杀死。所有的人都死得很勇敢，激起了中国士兵们的赞叹。有些士兵 为了要看看欧洲人的心脏，暗中把几个被害人的胸膛剖开了。尸体被扔到城外， 被野狗吃掉，极其残酷。后来，幸存的教徒偷偷设法掩埋了一些尸体。相传满清 方面有大约五百名士兵参与了这次谋杀。 http://www.sohu.com/a/152956163_488117
1899年，毓贤任山东巡抚。毓贤认为“民心可用”，对义和拳采用安抚的 办法，将其招安纳入团。于是义和拳成了合法组织义和团，并授“毓”字旗。 毓贤纵容拳民烧教堂，杀教士;教士求保护，毓贤下令置之不理。后清廷受 外国压力将毓贤撤职，但随后又重新起用为山西巡抚。毓贤任山西巡抚时， 排外更加激烈，对拳民首领款若上宾，唆使义和团焚烧教堂及屠杀教民。 1900年7月9日，在山西省城巡抚衙门西辕门前，毓贤杀死了传教士及家属 共46人，包括15男20女和11名儿童。其中***信徒33人，天主教的主教、 修士和修女共13人。据事后统计，此次教案山西全省共杀传教士191人， 杀死中国教民及其家属子女1万多人，焚毁教堂、医院225所，烧拆房屋 两万余间，是各省中死人最多的一个省。 清廷与八国联军议和时，联军指毓贤为罪魁祸首。1900年9月26日，山西 巡抚毓贤以被革职，发放新疆。1901年2月13日，清廷下令加重对 “首祸诸臣”之惩处:毓贤即行正法。诏书在甘肃追上了毓贤。22日， 毓贤被斩于兰州。 
贝如意姑娘(美国)，SUSAN ROWENA BIRD，1900年7月31日在太谷被杀。 1900年6月30日，德牧师告诉露姑娘从太原府来的坏消息。于是她招聚 全体学生，一同跪下祷告，与她们话别。为安全起见，全体宣教士次日回到 城南街的宣教站。祥熙和几位信徒，最后把一大车的日用品和食物，从南郊 运进城里。 教会每天下午三时开到祷告会，五时有查经班，在风声鹤唳中，这是他们 唯一的依靠和安慰。7月11日，一位信徒冒险犯难来到太谷，告诉露姑娘 太原府的大屠杀。不少信徒渐渐逃来避难，也有逃亡到山领之间的，外面 村镇又不断传来遇难的消息。 7月31日上午九时正，宣教站照常主日崇拜，由刘长老主领聚会。下午一时 午膳后，大夥儿正在休息。忽然，看守前门的大叫起来:「拳民来了!拳民 来了!」数百拳民在前，数百官兵殿后，正从南街浩浩荡荡冲过来，齐声 大喊著:「杀!杀!杀!」拳民冲进会堂，但见刘长老第一个倒下⋯⋯ 殉道时，来浩德牧师51岁，来师母55岁，德富士牧师42岁，卫禄义牧师 41岁，露美乐姑娘35岁，年纪最小的贝如意姑娘，殉道那天刚好是35岁生辰。
山西浸信会的成员和孩子，后排左一是英国 George Bryant Farthing 牧师 
George Bryant Farthing 
Ernest Pond Atwater与Jennie Pond Atwater夫妇的孩子，左至右: Mary Atwater(1900年7月9日在太原被杀)，Bertha Atwater(1900年 8月15日在汾州被杀)，Ernestine Atwater(前排，1900年7月9日在 太原被杀)，Celia Atwater(1900年8月15日在太原被杀)。
拳乱时，欧柏林在太谷的传教士主要人物是Dwight Howard C1app。他们在生命 危殆时的表现，全都非常坚定，不后悔他们来华宣教的初衷。可从当时他们写给在 美国亲友的信和遗留下的日记中看到。
本来他们也备有少量自卫用的枪， 至少可以杀死数名拳众， 但他们并未使用，却勇敢就义。
Clapp先生在他生命的末期写给在美亲友信上的一句话“The blood of the martyrs is the seed of truth．”（殉道者的鲜血是真理的种子）表达了他对神与未来的坚定信念。 欧柏林大学为了纪念在太谷殉道的校友，在校园中的广场建了一座拱型纪念碑，上面就 刻着这句遗言，抚今思昔，令人感动深思。 庚子年在太谷死难的中外基督徒共81人，许多人的遗体己无法寻获。欧柏林大学在太谷 的校友殉教者有六人，他们是：Dwight Howard C1app，Mary Jane C1app，Susan Rowena Bird，Mary Louise Partridge，George Louis Williams，Francis Ward Davis．共二男四女。 
位于美国俄亥俄州克利夫兰西南35英里处一座宁静小镇 —— Oberlin College 欧柏林大学 为 1900年7月31日山西太谷六位殉道者建立的拱形纪念碑 “ The blood of the martyrs is the seed of truth．” 
学术双璧神仙眷侣：陈乐民与资中筠 
中国共产党党员、中国社会科学院荣誉学部委员、欧洲研究所原所长、研究员、知名学者， 陈乐民同志因病医治无效，于2008年12月27日1时26分在北京逝世，享年78岁。 依照陈乐民同志的生前愿望,丧事从简,不举行告别仪式。陈乐民同志的遗体已于2008年 12月29 日上午在八宝山革命公墓火化。 
沈迦
搜狐文化：有意遗忘，还意味着误解 提到传教士，很多人仍然和“文化侵略者”划等号 沈迦：在我这一代，应该还包括比我更早的一代，我们受到的历史教育，日常渠道 给我们推送的，对传教士是污名化的。想起来就是穿着黑袍子，挂着虚伪的十字像，干着 不可见人的勾当。包括著名的《别了司徒雷登》一文，司徒雷登给人就是这种印象。但从 我了解的来讲，司徒雷登本人的行为接近圣徒。他们对中国的贡献，历史一定不能掩盖， 他办燕京大学，给中国带来如此好处，他对中国有害吗？ 
我有一次跟社科院欧洲所的老所长陈乐民老先生去五塔寺，那里保留着很多的天主教 传教士的墓碑，他们中很多人当年死在中国。陈老先生是做欧洲启蒙运动研究的，那时我 没有真正开始研究传教士，但我倾向传教士，我跟他讲，中国对传教士的污名化太厉害， 对他们的功过最少应该七三开吧，七是好的，三是不好的。陈老先生那时候身体已很不好，
他听我这么说，拿着拐杖在地上跺，说：
“他 们 哪 儿 有 一 点 不 好 ？！”
陈老先生平时很和蔼，说话都是很轻的，听我这么讲，竟拿着拐杖在地上跺，给我很大的 震动。陈乐民先生2008年去世了，他当年最大的希望就是中国人能得启蒙，这是他一辈子 课题，也是一辈子的使命。 搜狐文化：没有一点不好，不会太过绝对吗？ 沈迦：传教士中当然也能找出几个不那么好的，但这是很少的比例，整个群体是可歌 可泣的。晚清来到中国来的有三拨外国人，一拨是传教士；一拨是外交官、领事大使，包括 他的家属；还有一拨是商人。我们往往会把三拨人混为一体，他们来的目的是不一样的， 要区分开的。**家蛮难评价，各为其主；商人是无利不起早，当年不是说上海是冒险家的 乐园吗？传教士既不为国家，也不为钱。我们一定要明确，传教士不是他们国家派的，跟 他们所在的国家没有关系。比如司徒雷登来自美国，他做传教士期间，不是拿美国政府的 工资，是教会给的待遇。传教士为上帝服务，他们谋求天国。天主教神父还是不结婚的， 家庭和子女都没有，钱对他来说更是没太大意义。
On June 27, 1900，without any previous warning, a mob assembled in front of the Schofield Memorial Hospital, which was then in charge of Dr. Lovitt. On the compound at the time were Dr. and Mrs. Lovitt and child, Mr. and Mrs. Stokes, Mr. and Mrs. Simpson, and Miss Coombs. In a short time the mob began to loot the premises, and proceeded to set the buildings on fire. Those within the buildings, with the exception of Miss Coombs, forced their way through the crowd, and finally succeeded in reaching Mr. Farthing's house in safety. Miss Coombs had returned to the buildings in order to help a little Chinese girl to escape who was a patient in the hospital. When leaving the building, she was struck on the head with a piece of iron, knocked down, and, when she rose, was pushed back into the burning house, where she finally perished. Her charred remains were, however, recovered on the following day, and buried in the courtyard.
1900年6月27日，库姆斯小姐所在的教会女子学校在这一天也 受到义和团拳民的冲击。拳民放火烧毁传教士所办的医院和学校， 并且抢掠房中的物品，个别拳民因为专心抢掠竟然被自己所放的 火烧死。
库姆斯小姐和其他传教士一起保护留在校内的十一名中国女孩， 并且尽力安慰那些小学生们，对他们说“暴徒们不会伤害她们， 因为暴徒只是想杀外国人”。混乱之中，库姆斯小姐已经安全 逃出，却发现两位学生不见了。这两个孩子叫傅琼和艾桃，库姆斯 小姐折返回来寻找她们，先在大火中找到了傅琼，将她背到街上， 又找到了年龄大一些的艾桃。这时拳民们找到，用棍子和砖头打 他们。然后，把库姆斯小姐扔进火堆里。
不少人证实她两次想从火堆里爬出来，但每次都被暴徒推了 回去。一次她跪倒好象是在祈祷，人群中有人大声嚷道“看，她 想请求活命，这可不好 ! ” 最后她又被扔进火堆里，砖头接二连三 向她砸来，为了防止她跑掉还有人向她身上扔破门板，这样她成了 山西省第一个基督教的殉道者。第二天，有两位中国朋友冒险从 火堆里找出了她焦黑的遗体，将她埋葬在教堂的花园里。
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