一封十六年前的舊信 湯凱 倫敦奧運會正在舉行,有兩件與中國有關的事沸沸揚揚。一是有關倫敦奧運會開幕式和北京奧運會開幕式的比較。華人中,國內十四億人的大多數都認為總體上北京的那次比倫敦的好看,無論是藝術性還是觀賞性前者皆蓋過後者。而海外華人中,則有不少人推崇倫敦的開幕式,從政治、制度、甚至文化的高度加以比較,進而產生了“十比”,甚至更多的比較。另一件就是西方媒體(尤其是那位美國的教練和英國電視台的女評論員)指控中國游泳小將葉詩文服用禁藥,理由嘛,很簡單,就是一個中國女孩子不可能游得這麼快。 就我個人而言,我還是更喜歡北京的開幕式,覺得它在藝術性和觀賞性上絕對好過倫敦的。倫敦的開幕式總的來說我認為過為平常,也略顯散亂,沒有懸念,也無法讓人產生“Wha”的感覺。這純屬個人愛好,與東方西方毫無關係。譬如,我就特別喜歡希臘的那次開幕式,認為它絕對可以和北京的媲美,在寓意上甚至超過。當然,若是上升到政治、制度、和文化的高度,那就各持其一了。政治和制度另當別論,僅就文化而言,斷加優劣似乎不妥。秩序vs.自由,集體vs.個人,此等文化的對立有其深刻的歷史和社會原因,一個奧運會開幕式,沒有必要戴這個箍。兩個詞,“美感”和“寓意”,這就是我看開幕式的標準。同時,別忘了圖圖大主教那句名言:to be delighted in being different。 至於西方媒體指控葉詩文服用禁藥之事,我不由得想到了另一個人,美國的女子短跑運動員Florence Griffith-Joyner(Flo Jo)。一九八七年,當她跑出百米10.49秒的成績時,我的第一反應就是她肯定是吃藥了,女人不可能跑得這麼快的。不僅僅限我這個普通人,卡爾劉易斯,還有許多職業運動員,都對她的成績狐疑滿腹,公開指控。奇怪的是,在美國的電視媒體上,卻隻字不提“服藥”這兩個字。當時我剛到美國沒幾年,還很稚嫩,認為公正客觀的美國媒體不應該這樣,所以就花了些時間研讀了當時美國所有的大報和雜誌,還真的就沒有看到哪怕是暗喻Flo Jo服藥的評論。僅僅十一年後,三十八歲的Flo Jo不幸猝死。直到此時,有關她可能服藥的議論才在報紙雜誌上逐漸出現。至今,斯人已去,10.49秒的成績仍然是官方的紀錄。 我想,只要不是固執己見,凡是在美國生活了十幾年的人都應該對以下的概括深有同感:美國(西方)的媒體是政府的“敵人”,卻是自己國家(“Nation”)的絕對朋友。而一到奧運會,凡是牽涉到與他國的競爭(無論是石油還是奧運金牌),它就自覺地從道德的高峰跳到平地,無異於他人,甚至狠過他人。所以呢,不要對西方(美國)媒體太認真,也許回它一句:先去問你們的Flo Jo,再來問我們的葉詩文。(註:除了用禁藥之疑,我對美女運動員Flo Jo實際上非常仰慕,沒有絲毫的不敬。) 當然,深深讓我們遺憾、甚至痛心的是,中國大陸現在的媒體也許是自己國家的朋友,但卻更是黨和政府的摯友。心照不宣,我們惟有寄希,隨着時間的推移,應着經濟的發展,最終那一天一定會到來:不是政府管媒體,而是媒體箍官員。 葉詩文之事,讓我禁不住想起整整十六年前的美國亞特蘭大奧運會。那次奧運會轉播,NBC電視台的主持人Bob Costas可說是使出渾身解數,竭盡心力,對中國運動員大肆詆毀,任意誣陷譏諷。我記得清清楚楚,NBC在轉播女子游泳比賽前的一段介紹短片:黑白色的畫面里,是一池陰深深的渾水,在一種沉重壓抑的重金屬音樂聲中,一個面目近乎猙獰的頭像有遠到近,最後清楚地定格在電視屏幕上,下面閃出一行黑白字“中國隊員林莉”;突然,鏡頭一轉,畫面變成了彩色,陽光燦爛,海水碧藍,愜意舒心的輕音樂聲中,一位金髮、長腿、大眼睛的女郎躍然紙上,山花爛漫般的對着觀眾微笑,一行彩字緩緩而出“American sweetheart Summer Sanders”。這真是天和地的對比。憤慨之餘,我不得不佩服這部短片的導演。要知道,在鏡頭中,東方女人遠遠遜色於西方女人。而在當時中國女子游泳隊的隊員中,林莉在面部長相上可以說是敬陪底座(sorry)。Summer Sanders 則是當年美國奧運代表團公認的頭號美女,甚至連Michael Jordan 也放言,他最想約會的女性就是Summer Sanders。再加上黑白於彩色的對比,音樂的對比,這不就是在告訴觀眾,誰是魔鬼,誰是天使嗎?客人到你家來做客,你不獻上哈達也罷,卻還當面罵她是魔鬼,你叫她和她的家人要如何感受呢? 當年NBC和Bob Costas的這種近乎匪夷所思的行徑引得全球華人義憤不已。在美國,全美中國留學生會等發起了聯名寫抗議書給NBC的活動,以表大家的憤怒。當時我也寫了一封英文短信,刊登在CND的網頁上。原以為時過境遷,這麼多年過去,那篇短信早就無影無蹤了。誰知昨天網上一尋,竟然還在:http://www.cnd.org/CND-Global/CND-Global.96.3rd/CND-Global.96-08-21.html。現在我再回過頭來看我的這篇十六年前的短信,雖然有些詞彙實顯幼稚甚至不妥 -- 比如什麼“blood”之類,但卻是直出胸襟,真實地反映了當時還很年輕的我的感受和想法。再就是那種激情;現在若要我再寫,恐怕就寫不出來了。年輕真好!現在我把它附在這裡,既饋他人,也算是自己對過去的一種回顧。 ************ From: tang@ann-arbor.applicon.com 08/16/96 Mr. Yang WANG, I take exception to your article posted on CND today, titled "Chinese Officials Shouldn’t Whine About the Olympics". First of all, if you talk about whining, it is Americans who set the most examples. If you look at every Olympics, Americans whined every time they lost a game or medal. Back in 1972, they lost gold medal in men's basketball to then Soviet Union, and refused to stand on the podium to accept the silver medal (with the backing of U.S.A.'s Olympics authority). This is the champ of being whining and unsportsmanship. We Chinese have never done this, and will never do this. In the last Winter Olympics, after U.S. ice hockey team lost to Sweden, the U.S. coach refused to shake hands with the Sweden coach and the players. Isn't this the uncalled for whining? Then, this comes to the ultimate whining by the Americans. In an article on Wall Street Journal two weeks ago, the U.S. diving head coach O'Brian was quoted saying: "The Chinese divers must have taken steroids. They can't perform this well without taking them. At least they have to take steroids to sustain their 100+ dives/day training; no body can do that without drugs." What do you call this? Just imagine what would Americans react if the head official of China's Olympics team says the following: "The U.S.A.'s dream team must have taken drugs. They can't play this well without doing them." They would jump off the roof. Then again, our blood ensures that we Chinese never do this to other people. We have been too nice to other people, too strict to ourselves, and for too long time. Thirdly, being so called "whining" by you is a tactic thing, every country does it. If you read the news during the Atlanta Olympics Games, those European countries "whined" much more than we did. Finally, about what you accused that "Chinese media are fanning anti-Americanism in China." Things always come naturally. Our media never promoted so called anti-Americanism during 1984 Los Angeles Games. This time, U.S.A. did a lousy job in organizing the Games and especially badly hurt the entire Chinese people as a whole, can't we just have this tiny right to complain among ourselves? The blind nationalism is certainly dangerous to any country and we should not allow it to grow in China. But shouldn't U.S. sit down and have a thorough self-exam on itself: why it is disliked in so many countries in the world today? Kai Tang (from Ann Arbor, Michigan) ************ |