人体的奥妙——证明上帝存在的例证

The Secret of Human Bodies – Examples Proving the Existence of the Greatest Creator

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尽管目前医学对人体的理解仍极有限，但仅就现有的知识而言，已足够使我们对人体结构和功能的精妙赞叹不已了。人体的每一系统、每一器官都是造物主的杰作，即使那些貌似微末之物也无不具有深刻的用意。例如人体的毛发有多种，而各有不同的形态和功能，混乱不得。头发是为了保护头部，兼具美观的功能，所以它可以长得很长。圣经上说，长头发是女人的荣耀，所以女人极少有秃发。眉毛是为了分流汗和雨水，不使流入眼内，故位于眼睛上方而分向两侧。睫毛是为了防止尘沙异物进入眼内，故生于上下眼睑的边缘，而且以特殊的弧形弯向前方，这样就不致妨碍视线，闭眼时可以上下交连而不致刺向眼球。眉毛和睫毛如果长得过长就会妨碍视觉，所以它们永远不会长得像头发和胡须那样长。鼻毛是为了过滤呼吸的空气，所以生于鼻孔的内面而斜生向外。如果向内，异物就易进难出了。腋毛是为了克服局部磨擦及帮助汗液蒸发，如果没有腋毛，人就得整天高举双臂，否则局部皮肤必将因磨擦和潮湿而发炎。腋毛根据其功能要求，既不能长得像头发那样长，也不能像眉毛那么短，且细软而卷曲。如果长得粗硬而刚直，岂不要把皮肉扎伤？人的肠道上皮也生有纤毛，这些纤毛则一概向下生长，而且能互相协同颤动，其颤动波也是自上而下，以便推动肠道内容物下移。气管和支气管的上皮也生有纤毛，但其生长和颤动的方向却和肠道相反，一概向上倒长逆行。因为只有这样，才能将痰液向上推送到喉部吐出。如果按照通例向下，则气管和支气管将被痰液堵塞，人就活不成了。

Though the modern medicine has limited knowledge of human bodies, what we have known is enough for us to admire the excellent human body structure and functions. Each system and organ in the human body is designed by the Greatest Creator. Even those trivial body parts have great functions. For example, there are several types of hairs on human bodies with distinct forms and functions. The head hair is designed to protect and beautify the head. It can grow long. According to the Bible, “But if a woman has long hair, it is a glory to her: for her hair is given her for a covering.” The eyebrows can divert sweat and rain, preventing them into the eyes. That’s why they are lined above the two eyes. Eyelashes can prevent the dust and other things from entering the eyes. That’s why they are lined on the sides of the eyelids. Also they stand forward in a special curve because it wouldn’t hinder the eyesight or pierce into the eyes when closing the eyes. If the eyebrows and eyelashes are too long, they will hinder the eyesight. That’s why they wouldn’t grow as long as the hair or beards. The nasal hairs can filter the inhaled air. That’s why they grow inside the nostril and stand sideways and outwards. If they stand inwards, the other things will find it easy to come into the nostrils and difficult to go out. The armpit hairs can prevent the partial friction and help the sweat evaporate. Without the armpit hairs, we have to raise our arms. Otherwise the skin under the arm will become inflamed because of the friction and moist. Required by the function, the armpit hairs cannot grow as long as the head hairs, or as short as the eyebrows. Besides, they are soft and curving. If they are rigid and coarse, they will hurt the skin. And cilia grow on the intestinal epithelium. The cilia grow downward and vibrate together. The vibrating waves move downward from upward to help move down the intestinal contents. Cilia also grow on the airway and bronchus epithelium. However, they grow and vibrate in the opposite direction as those on the intestinal epithelium. Only in this way can they move the sputum upward to the throat and spit them. If they grow downward, the airway and bronchus would get stuck by the sputum and the humans would die from it.

我们再以人体的两个简单的反射活动为例。当鼻腔或气管有异物侵入时，会分别引起喷嚏和咳嗽两种保护性反射，其目的均为排除异的。但因两者情况有所不同，其反射方式也大有分别。鼻腔异物不是一种紧急情况，所以喷嚏反射可以从容准备。首先以慢相吸气开始，张口，软额上提以阻断鼻腔，经口吸入足量空气，然后胸腹腔急剧收缩，迫使肺内空气快速喷出，当喷气达到高潮时，舌体突然上举将口腔堵塞，迫使气流由鼻腔疾射而出，从而将异物自鼻腔排除。然而如有异物进入气管，则是一种极为紧急的情况，如不及时排除，即有性命之忧，时机间不容发，更绝不允许吸气，否则将使异物更加深入而造成窒息。所以咳嗽反射没有吸气动作，而是声门立即紧闭，同时胸腹腔爆发性收缩，使肺部现有的余气压力剧增，当气压达到最强之际，声门突然开放，肺内气体爆射而出，将异物由气管经声门冲出至咽部，此时软额上提，将鼻腔隔断，使异物经口吐出。如果此时舌体与软额的动作与喷嚏时一样的话，则由气管排出之异物将由后鼻孔进入鼻腔，成为鼻腔异物，引起另一场麻烦。在以上两种反射活动中，身体各个部位必须严格协调配合。任何环节的失调，均将导致整个反射活动失败，其后果可能极为严重。所以这些活动决不是随意的，而是严格按照功能要求和既定的程序进行的。这种程序并非由学习或练习而成，而是与生俱来，即在每个人出生时，这一程序已存在于脑神经结构(神经核)中。否则 ，婴儿将不能存活。

Now I wish to take two simple reflections of human bodies as an example. When foreign matters enter the nostrils or airways, they will arouse two protective reflections, sneeze or cough, which is designed to repel the foreign matters. But due to different situation, these two reflections differ in their approaches. The foreign matters in the nostrils are not urgent so the sneeze reflection can be prepared in a composed way. First, inhale slowly; open the mouth, and the soft place move upward to block the nostril. Then breathe in enough air through the mouth, and the pleural body contracts sharply to emit the air in the lungs quickly. When the emitting reaches its peak, the tongue rises abruptly to block the mouth to repel the air to go out swiftly through the nostrils. In this way the foreign matters in the nostrils are driven out. However, if the foreign matters enter the airway, it is an emergent situation. If the foreign matters are not driven out timely, the life will be put at risk. The inhaling is strictly forbidden because it will make the foreign matters go deeper and cause suffocation. So the cough doesn’t include the inhaling. Instead, the glottis closes immediately. At the same time, the pleural body contracts suddenly and adds the lung air pressure extremely. When the pressure is at its strongest point, the glottis opens suddenly and the lung air sends out explosively, compelling the foreign matters in the airway to the throat via the glottis. At this time, the soft place rises to block the nostrils. The foreign matters are spit out through the mouth. If the tongue and the soft place perform the same way as in the sneeze, the foreign matters emitted out of the airway will enter the nostrils, causing another trouble. In these two reflections, the body parts must cooperate closely. Any failure in the coordination will lead to the failure of the reflection, causing serious consequences. So these activities are not done freely. Instead, they are done as required by their functions and set procedures. These procedures are not learnt or practices. The program has been rooted in our brain nerve structure (nerve nucleus) when we are born. Otherwise, the babies will not survive.

根据目前高度发展的电脑技术，人们可能以人工方法模拟这些活动。但要做到这一点，必须具备三项条件：(一)模拟人体口鼻、咽喉、胸腹腔等吸气、排气及传感的装置；(二)模拟神经和系统的中央控制设备(电脑及输入输出网络)。以上两项即所谓"硬件"。但仅有硬件还不够，还必须要有"软件"，即(三)一个严格按照要求编制的程序(Program)以控制各个环节的活动方式和顺序，使之协调无间，三者缺一不可，否则整个反射活动将不可能实现。这种程序软件本身并不是物质结构，而是一种智能的运用，是纯粹的精神产物。如果没有智能的运用，就不可能有程序产生，这样，我们要问，电脑的程序是由人编制并事先储存于电脑之中的，那麽人脑中的控制程序是谁编制并呢预先储存在人脑之中的呢？喷嚏和咳嗽不过是最简单的例子，其实人体生理、生化、病理的自动控制活动不计其数，且大多数比咳嗽等外在反射活动精细复杂得多，有些至今人类尚不能窥其堂奥。请问这些精微深奥的控制程序又是从何而来呢？

The advanced computer science has made it possible to simulate these activities. However, the simulation requires 3 conditions: 1. Device simulating the inhale and exhaling of human mouth, nose, throat, pleural and the sensing device; 2. The central control equipment simulating nerves and body system (compute, input and output devices). The above two devices are hardware. And software is also needed, namely (3). A program composed in strict compliance with the requirements to control the performance and procedure of each link, and arrange them in perfect coordination. All the three conditions are imperative. Otherwise the reflections can’t be realized. The program itself is not a substance structure. Instead, it is a smart use and spiritual result. There will be no such a thing as the program without the smart use. So we have to ask, the program is composed by the humans and stored in the computer, how about the control program in the human brain. Is it also composed by someone and stored in the human brain? Sneeze and cough are the simplest examples. There are numerous automatically controlled physical, bio-chemical and pathological human body activities, which are even more sophisticated than reflections of cough. Even today, some of them remain mysteries to us. So how are these sophisticated control programs composed? And where do they come from?

我们再看看人的感觉器官。人为什么要有两只耳朵？原来一只耳朵不能辨别声音的方向，两只耳朵分处于头部两侧，声音到达两耳的时间就有了先后，人脑根据这一微小的时差，即可判断声音来自何方。听觉器官最外面是耳廓，它可以使声音集中进入外耳道。耳廓内有一层薄薄的软骨，以保持其应有的形态，而且有良好的弹性，遇到碰撞也不会损坏。如果没有软骨，耳廓就只有两层软软的皮垂挂在头部两侧，毫无用处。如果是这么薄的硬骨，则一碰就要折裂，侧卧睡觉也会把耳廓压碎，那么人人的耳廓都要残缺不全了。外耳道外段有茸毛，可防尘沙；内段则分泌盯聍以防虫蚋。如有异物进入外耳道，所引起的反射动作就不是喷嚏或咳嗽，而是摇头，以便将异物甩出。因为外耳道是个盲管，不可能用气体排除异物。

Now let’s have a look at the sensory organs on human bodies. Why do we have two ears? The reason is that one ear is not able to identify the direction. With the ears lying on two sides of the head, the sound reaches the ears in sequence of time. Based on the slight receiving time difference, the brain can judge where the sound comes from. The auricle is the most outward component of the ear. It can introduce the sound into the external auditory canal. Within the auricle there is a thin layer of cartilage helping to retain the form of auricle, giving it wonderful elasticity and protecting it from the clashes. Without the cartilage, the auricle is just two useless pieces of skin hanging on the head side. If the thin bone is inside the auricle, it will break easily even if when you are sleeping on your side, damaging the auricle. There is fuzz on the outer segment of the external auditory canal preventing the sand and dust. The inner segment secretes cerumen to prevent insects. When foreign matters enter the external auditory canal, it will trigger head shaking, instead of sneeze or cough, to get the matters out. Because the external auditory canal is a blind passage, it is impossible to repel the foreign matters with air.

为什麽鼻腔异物不引起摇头反射以排除异物呢？那是因为人类的鼻腔几乎位于头部中央，摇不能产生足够的离心力，而且人类的鼻孔向下，不适合用摇头排除异物。声音产生于物体的机械振动，通常靠空气的波动传播，是为声波。人耳实际上就是一具精密的机械振动监测器。在内耳内有一系列大小不等的键板，各与一定的音频谐振而产生相应的神经脉冲，大脑即根据这些脉冲的特征辩识声音的强度，音调和音色。

Why don’t the foreign matters in the nostrils arouse the head-shaking reflection to repel them? That’s because the nostrils of humans almost lie in the middle of the head. The shaking is not able to produce enough centrifugal force. Besides, the human nostrils face downward and it is improper to repel the foreign matters by shaking the head. The sound is produced by the mechanical vibration of objects and is transmitted by the air fluctuation, or the sound waves. The human ears are actually working like a precise mechanical vibration monitor. In the inner ear there are a number of keyboards with different sizes, producing nerve impulses produced by echoing with corresponding frequencies. The brain, in accordance with the features of these impulses, identifies the strength, tunes and timbre of the sounds.

值得注意的是人体的感觉器官很多，却只有内耳处于最厚重坚实的骨质，即颞骨的岩部之内。其原因是在各种感觉器官中，只有耳的功能是监测机械振动，这样就必须有一个相对固定的座标，否则就无法检测。如果内耳是处于软组织之中，则声波到达时，内耳将随之波动，一如水上浮萍，那就什么声音也听不到了。然而内耳既位于坚实的骨质之中，也就不能感受空气的波动，所以必须先把空气的疏密声波还原为机械振动，然后传送到内耳。而在外耳道的底部与中间果然就有这样一个还原装置，即鼓膜。鼓膜的面积相当大，可以接受足够得空气压力，其质地又菲薄如纸，可随外来声波振动自如，而且它又相当坚韧，推动传送装置。中耳槌骨的长柄附着于其内侧，槌骨柄的拉力使鼓膜轻度内陷，以维持相当的张力，这使鼓膜能准确地将外来声波还原为机械振动，而且不论外界温度如何变化，其振动特性不受影响。声波还原为机械振动之后，还必须通过刚性物体将之传导至内耳。人体各种组织中最具刚性者莫如骨骼，但一般骨骼都太笨重，且有厚重的软组织包裹，完全不适于作音频振动，然而在鼓膜与内耳之间的鼓室内，却有三块独特的超微型骨骼，形体极轻巧，大小仅以毫米计，且几乎完全暴露于鼓室空气之中，互相以韧带连接为一弧形的传导链，具有优良的音频振动特性，可将鼓膜的振动准确地传送至内耳。这一传送装置既可将较弱的振动适当放大，又可缓冲过强的声波。所有这一切，都是完全符合声学物理要求的高超设计。

We must note though there are many sensory organs in human bodies, only the inner ear is protected by the most solid and firm bones. In fact, it lies in the cave part of the temporal bone. Of all the sensory organs, only the ears monitor the mechanical vibration, which needs a relatively fixed position. Otherwise, it is not able to monitor the sound. If the inner ear lies in the soft tissues, when the sound wave arrives, the inner ear will vibrate with it. Thus it can hear nothing. Now the inner ear lies in the firm bone and it can’t sense the air vibration. So it is imperative to reduce the density waves to the mechanical vibrations before sending them to the inner ear. And there is such a reduction device at the middle bottom of the external auditory canal, which is called the eardrum. The eardrum has enough space to receive the air pressure. It is thin enough to vibrate when the sound wave arrives. Meanwhile, the eardrum is strong enough to push the transmission device. The long handle of the middle ear cartilage is attached to its inner side, the tensile force of which makes the eardrum sink inside slightly to maintain certain tension. This allows the eardrum to accurately reduce the arriving sound waves into the mechanical vibrations. No matter what the temperature is, the vibration function is not impacted. After the sound waves are reduced into the mechanical vibration, some rigid objects are needed to transmit the vibration to the inner ear. Of all body tissues, the most rigid objects are the bones. However, the bones are heavy in general and covered by the soft tissues, which are not suitable for the audio vibration. However, in the tympanic cavity between the eardrum and the inner ear, there are three unique tiny bones with delicate forms measured in millimeters. They are almost completely exposed to the air in the tympanic cavity. These three tiny bones are connected by ligament and form a transmission chain in curve with excellent audio vibration function, able to transmit accurately the vibration of the eardrum to the inner ear. The transmission device can properly multiply the weak vibration and reduce the strong sound wave. All of these structures are the super designs required by the acoustics.

听觉器官的巧妙尚不止于此。例如为了使鼓膜能随外来声波自由振动，鼓膜的内外两则必须都是空气，因此中耳有一个充满空气的鼓室。如果鼓室也像其它体腔一样为液体所充满，则因液体不能压缩，鼓膜将根本不能振动。而且鼓室不但需要充满空气，还必须有适当的管道与外界相通，以使鼓室的静态气压与外界大气压平衡，否则，鼓室的空气将逐渐被吸收而导致鼓膜严重内陷或破裂而丧失功能。当外界气压变化时(如登山、潜水、飞机升降或天气剧变等)，也将引起不适和听觉障碍。但中耳却又不能像外耳道或鼻腔那样直接向外界开放，因为这样将使外界的声波同时经由外耳道和中耳管道到达鼓膜的内外两侧，使声压互相对消而不起作用，以致鼓膜根本不能振动，因而也就不能产生听觉。这样，中耳与外界通连的方式就成为大费周章的难题。但人体却以一个巧妙无比的设计解决了这个难题。那就是使中耳通过一个半开放的管道开口于咽部后上方的两侧(即所谓"耳咽管")。平时耳咽管是闭锁的，只有在作知咽动作时才暂时开放，使中耳的气压得到间歇性平衡调整，吞咽完毕，仍旧闭锁。出进食以外，人体每隔一定时间都要不自觉地作一次吞咽动作，即使睡眠时也不例外，这样中而的气压就可时时得到调整，不致影响听觉。而且在吞咽时，吞体和软颚必然上举，将口腔与鼻腔阻塞，使咽部暂与外界隔绝，这样在耳咽开放的瞬间，咽部的空气虽可进入中耳，但外界的声波却被隔断，不致由此进入中耳，故听觉可始终不受干扰，随时接受外界音响和语言的信息。除了咽部以外，再也没有任何其它部位能够如此恰当地满足听觉器官的特殊要求。咽部本是消化和呼吸道的结构，并不属于感觉系统，但它却能与听觉器官如此巧妙地配合，实令人不得不承认人体的构造实系出于一个极其高明的总体设计。

There are even smarter designs in the hearing organ. For example, to make the eardrum vibrate freely following the arriving sound waves, the two sides of the eardrums must be exposed to the air. As a result, there is a tympanic cavity full of air in the middle ear. If the cavity is filled by liquids, just as other cavities are, the eardrum is not able to vibrate because the liquids can’t contract. Besides, the cavity does not only need to be filled with air, but also needs to be connected to the outside world with a proper passage, to balance the static air pressure in the cavity with the outside air pressure. Otherwise, the air in the cavity will gradually be absorbed, causing the eardrum to sink excessively or damaging it. When the outside air pressure changes, (such as in mountain climbing, diving, the airplane takeoff or climate change), it will arouse uncomfortable feelings or lead to hearing malfunction. But the middle ear can’t be opened to the outside world directly, just like the external auditory canal or nostrils can. The reason is that the direct exposure will make the arriving waving sound reach the two sides of the eardrums at the same time via the external auditory canal and middle ear passage, counteracting the sound pressure. Thus the eardrums will not vibrate at all, unable to produce the hearing. So it is a difficult problem to connect the middle ear and the outside world. However, the human body, with a smart design, solves this problem. The middle ear is opened at the two sides in the upper rear of the pharynx via a half-opened passage (the so-called auditory tube). The auditory tube is locked in common times and only opened temporarily when taking the swallowing actions, balancing the air pressure in the middle ear shortly. After the swallowing action is over, the auditory tube is locked again. Apart from eating, human body would regularly take swallowing action unconsciously, even when he or she is sleeping. Thus the air pressure in the middle ear can be adjusted from time to time and avoid the hearing from being hindered. Besides, when swallowing, the swallowing segment and the soft palate will definitely rise, blocking the mouth and nostrils against the outside world. So on the moment when the ear and throat are opened shortly, though the air in the throat can enter the middle ear, the sound waves from the outside world are blocked against the middle ear. As a result, the hearing will not be interfered and can receive the outside sound and voice. Only the throat in the body can meet the special demand of the hearing organs. The throat is originally designed as part of the digestion and breathing system, it does not belong to sensory system. However, it can cooperate so smartly with the hearing organs. We have to admire the extremely delicate body-wise design.

内耳前庭部分是控制体平衡的器官。该处有三个互垂直的半规管。当人体失衡时，半规管便产生平衡脉冲，通过延脑的平衡中枢激发相应的反射动作，以使人体恢复平衡，并避免可能的伤害。这也是先天的本能反射之一。为什么半规管不是两个或四个，而恰巧是三个，而且又互相垂直呢？其理由至为明显：因为人是生活在三度空间之内，可以有前后，左右和上下三种互相垂直的运动方向，故必须有三个互相垂直的半规管才能全面监控。少于三个不够用，多于三个不需要。可见所有这些精确而巧妙的结构和功能，一概体现着高超的智慧，决不可能是偶然的产物。

The vestibule in the inner ear controls the balance of the body. In the vestibule there are 3 semicircular canals. When the body loses balance, the mutually-vertical semicircular canals produce the balance impulse, which triggers the corresponding reflection via the balance center in the medulla brain. Why are there 3 semicircular canals instead of 2 or 4? And why are they mutually vertical? The reason is apparent. Humans live in the 3-dimensional space. There are 3 mutually-vertical movement directions, namely, front and rear, left and right, upward and downward. So the 3 mutually-vertical semicircular canals can monitor the movements. The number less than 3 or more than 3 would be insufficient or redundant. We can see the delicate and smart structure and function, and the supreme wisdom in them. They can’t be the accidental results.

视觉是人体最重要的感觉，它所提供的信息量，超过所有的其它感觉的总和。视觉是图象和空间的感觉，视觉器官必须具有最精密、最准确、并与其它感觉器官迥然不同的结构。因此，不论从胚胎发生学还是神经解剖学的观点看来，眼睛的主体结构实在不是一个普通的感觉器官，而是大脑皮层的一部分。所谓视神经也与其它脑脊神经全然不同，在本质上它是大脑的内部结构，以供传送最复杂最精细的视觉信息。从功能上看，眼球很像一部精密的照相机。由感光细胞组成的视网膜相当于底片；晶体、虹膜和角膜就分别相当于镜头、光圈和滤光镜。但它的精确性和自动调节功能则为任何高级的照相机所不及。例如，目前照相机的镜头都用特种玻璃或硬塑料制成，其焦距都是固定不变的。在拍摄距离不同的景物时，必须时时调整镜头的前后位置，否则，就不能在底片成像。但这一方法十分笨拙。试想，如果人的眼睛也以同样方式调节，那么当我们注视距离不同的景物时，眼球就要忽而凸出，忽而凹进，不仅形貌不雅，而且也将严重伤害眼部的健康和功能。然而人眼的晶体则是透明的弹性胶状体，可根据景物的距离，随时自动调节焦距，以保证所有目标均能在视网膜上准确成像而不必改变晶体的位置。这种自动调节功能，是任何照相机都无法做到的。

As the most important perception of human bodies, vision provides more information than that provided by all other perceptions. The vision is the perception of image and space and the visual organs must have the most precise and accurate structure completely different from other sensory organs. As a result, in the perspective of the embryo-genesis or neuro-anatomy, the main structure of the eyes is not just the common receptor. Instead, it is part of the cerebral cortex. The so-called optic nerves are completely different from other cerebrospinal nerves. In essence, the optic nerves are inner structure in the brain, transmitting the most sophisticated visual information. The eyes function like a precise camera. The retina composed of the photoreceptor cells is just like the films. The crystal, iris and the cornea works like the lens, diaphragm and the filter. However, the precision and automatic adjustment of the eyes is no match of any high-quality cameras. For example, the lens in modern cameras is made of special glass or hard plastics with fixed focal distance. When taking pictures for the landscapes with different distances, the lens position must be adjusted. Otherwise, the image will not be produced on the films. But this is an awkward approach. Imagine when the eyes are watching landscapes with different distances, the eyeballs have to protrude or recess alternatively, which looks ugly or damages the health and function of the eyes. However, the crystal in the eyes are transparent and elastic colloid, which can adjust automatically the focal distance in accordance with the distance of the objects to make sure all the objects can be imaged on the retina, without changing the position of the crystal. Such automatic adjustment function can’t be fulfilled by any camera.

如以现代电视技术的角度观察，则眼睛更像电视摄像机，但它又比任何摄像机更精确万倍。因为电视图象是由密集的像素(明暗不等的光点)所组成，目前最好的电视画面也只有几十万个像素，但人眼的像素却有二百亿。惟其如此，人的眼睛才能明察秋毫之末。然而不管多么精确清晰，它本身仍只是一幅平面图像，每双眼睛的视觉图像并不能给人以立体感。如何将这一平面图像转化为立体图像并产生空间感，乃是形成完整视觉的关键所在。但怎样才能完成这一图像转化，却绝非轻而易举之事。在很长时间内，人们对此百思不得其解，后来才逐渐认识到人体在此所展现的智慧和技巧实在精妙绝伦，那就是将两只眼球所摄得的平面图像同时输入一个神经中枢，加以对比分析，利用因两眼位置不同而产生的微小视角差来判定物象的距离，以产生空间感，并组成立体的图像。这就是为什么人必须要有两只眼睛才能有完整视觉的原因所在。正是根据这一理解，人们才制成了立体电影。这仅是视觉形成的外部过程，对于视觉中枢内部的运作过程，至今人们仍不甚了了。我们不能不承认，人体结构和功能的奥妙，实在远在人类的智慧之上。

If we observe the eyes in the perspective of modern TV technologies, the eyes are more like the television camera, but thousands of times more precise than the television cameras. The TV image is composed of dense pixels (the mixed dark or brilliant light spots). Till now, the best TV image only contains less than 1 million pixels. However, the human eyes can produce image containing 20 billion pixels. Only the eyes can see the details of objects. No matter how clear or accurate the image is, it is still a plan view image. Then how the eyes can provide the dimensional image is a key issue of providing the complete vision. But it is not an easy task at all to convert the flat view image into the dimensional one. For a long time, people have been puzzled by how the conversion is done. Of course, we later knew the smartness and delicacy of the human body shown here. The two eyes send the flat view images they receive into the same nerve center, which contrasts and analyzes the images and judges the distance of the objects based on the slight visual angle difference caused by the position difference of the two eyes. Thus the dimensional image is produced. That’s why people have to have 2 eyes to establish the complete vision. Based on such understanding, humans have invented the dimensional movies. But the above is only the external process of how vision is formed. People have little knowledge about how the visual center works inside. We have to admit that the mysteries of human body structure and functions are beyond the intelligence of mankind.

利用两眼遥视角差以判定距离，实际上是一种精密的、自动的三角测量术。要做好精确的测量，必须要有两个前提：(一)两眼必须同时瞄准一个目标，否则将出现复视，即将一个物体看作两个。为此，眼球的外面配备有最完善的神经肌肉系统，使眼球成为运动最为灵活准确的器官；眼球内部睫状肌则可随时调整晶体的折光率，针对目标聚焦，形成最清晰的图像。(二)两眼球的视网膜必须互相严格对应，否则，两眼球的图像将无法对比，而且两眼的对应图像又必须同时传输至同一个视觉中枢，方能进行对比分析。大脑的视觉中枢有左右两个，分司视野两侧。视野左侧的景物经瞳孔映入两眼球右侧的视网膜，两眼的这一对应影像经视神经同时传入大脑右侧面的视觉中枢。视野右侧的景物则映两眼球左侧的视膜，其对应影像亦经视神经同时传入大脑左侧的视觉中枢。两视觉中枢对来自两眼的对应影像同时进行对比，从而产生全视野的立体影像效果。人体两侧器官外侧对应，例如两脚的互相对应。唯独视网膜却是同位对应，即左侧与左侧对应，右侧与右侧对应。因为光线直射，非如此，视觉中枢就得不到互相对应的景像，也就不能产生协同视觉。而且两眼视网膜的结构对应，必须极其精确，毫厘不差，否则将使两眼的对应影像不能互相符合。以致模糊不清。另外，为了使两眼的对应影像能够传导至一个视觉中枢，这样，视神经就必须有相应的特殊结构以实现影像的交叉传送，这就是视神经所独有的"视神经交叉"。这是所有其它脑脊神经都没有的，因为所有其它神经都不处理图像和空间的信息。如果我们用电脑和摄像器来摸似人体的视觉过程，则电脑的输入网络也非有这样一个类似的交叉不可，绝对不可能有任何其它不同的设计。综上所述，可见人体的所有器官结构和功能，都无一例外地显示出极其高超的智慧模式，都各有其必须如此的充分理由。

As a matter of fact, the distance judgment with two eyes is the triangulation technique which is precise and automatic. The accurate measurement needs two premises. First, the two eyes must focus on one object at the same time. Otherwise, there will be double vision, which means the one objects will be seen as two objects. As a result, the complete neuromuscular system is equipped on the outside of the eyeballs, making the eyeballs the most flexible and accurate organs. The ciliary muscle inside the eyeballs can adjust the conversion rate of the crystal at any time to focus on the object and form the clearest image. Second, the retina of the two eyes must be strictly symmetrical. Otherwise, the image contrast of the two eyes will become impossible. Furthermore, the images received by the two eyes must be transmitted at the same time to the same visual center for contrast and analysis. There are two visual nerves on the left and right side of the brain, supervising respectively the two sides of the vision field. The objects in the left of the vision field are reflected, via the eye pupil, on the retina of the right sides of the two eyeballs. The corresponding images in the two eyes, via the visual nerve, are sent to the visual center on the right side of the brain. The objects in the right of the vision field are reflected, via the eye pupil, on the retina of the left sides of the two eyeballs. The corresponding images in the two eyes, via the visual nerve, are sent to the visual center on the left side of the brain. The two visual nerves contrast the corresponding images coming from the eyes and produce the full-field dimensional images. The pairs of human parts are often symmetrical on the outside. Only the retinas are symmetrical in the same position. Namely, the left side is symmetrical to the left side and the right side symmetrical to the right side of the two retinas. That’s because the light rays come in directly. Otherwise, the visual centers can’t receive the corresponding images or get the coordinated vision. The structural symmetry of the retinas in the two eyes must be accurate to the utmost. Otherwise the images in the two eyes will not comply with each other and the ambiguity will occur. Besides, the corresponding images from the two eyes must be sent to the same visual center. Thus the optic nerves must have the corresponding special structure to realize the cross-transmission of the images. This is the unique “chiasma opticum” unique to the optic nerves. This function is not possessed by any other nervus cerebrospinalis because they don’t handle the information of images and space. If we use the computers and monitoring cameras to simulate the process of human vision, the input network of the computers has to have a similar chiasm. No other design can do it. Judging from the above, we can find all the human organs, structures and functions have shown the supreme wisdom. And these are the ways they should be.

有人以为人体也有一些似乎无用的器官，如胸腺、阑尾、扁桃体和尾骨等，说明人体的结构未必尽皆合理。人们曾经认为这些器官没多大用处，反而容易引发疾病，如阑尾炎、扁桃体炎等。如把这些器官切除，对人体也无多大影响。过去人甚至把这些器官切除，对人体也无多大影响。过去 人甚至把脾脏等等也归入此类。在历史上，所谓"无用器官"的名单曾一度长达百余种之多，实在惊人。但这个名单之所以如此之长，并不是因为这些器官无用，而是因为人们无知。随着人们对人体认识的加深，绝大多数器官已自这个名单中一一剔除，于今已所剩无几了。有些人认为这些器管是人类进化的遗迹，即所谓"废物退器官"，并以此作为进化论的证据之一。但显然这是误解。现今人们终于明白并无所谓"废退器官"，只是人们对这些器官的认识不足而已。例如胸腺，过去们不知道它有何用处，现在则明白它是人体对抗内外感染源的预警器，它们对感染较敏感，可以提前启动人体的防御机制，以防止更严重的 感染，所以它们在保持人体健康方面功不可没。又如尾骨如果发生骨折，也将造成很大的机能障碍，说明尾骨也有它的功能，并非可有可无。至于引发疾病，则人体任何器官都可患病，连心和脑也不例外，你不能因此便说心和脑有害无益。有些器官对人体的影响诚然不像心和脑那样直接而重大，去除之后不致立即危及生命，但这并不表示它们没有功能。正如人若失去手和脚，也并不直接危及生命，但无疑却是人体的残缺。

Some people think that human body has some useless organs, such as the thymus gland, appendix, tonsil and coccyx, in order to prove the human structure is imperfect. Some people used to believe that these organs were not that useful. Instead, they tend to arouse diseases such as appendicitis and tonsillitis. If these organs are cut off, it will not have much impact on the human body. In the past, people used to classify spleens and other organs into the useless organs. There was a list of useless organs in the past which included over 100 organs. But the list was long not because these organs are useless but because people at the time were ignorant. As more we know about the organs, most of them have been deleted from the list and there are only a few still remain in the list. Some people think that these organs are the leftovers of human evolution, which are called the “waste back organs” and use them as one of the evidences of evolution theory. This is a complete misunderstanding. Till not we have understood there are no such things as the “obsolescent organs”. It is simply the lack of knowledge of these organs. Take the thymus gland as an example. In the past, people didn’t know its function. Now we have understood it is the warning device of the human body against the inner and outer infection sources. As a result, the thymus gland contributes a lot to the human health. Another example, if the coccyx fractures, it will cause serious functional disturbance. So the coccyx is also an imperative part of human body. Some people might say these organs can trigger diseases. Then all human organs can lead to diseases, even brain and heart are of no exceptions. Why don’t we say the brain and heart are useless? Some organs, though they are not as important as the heart and brain and wouldn’t endanger life immediately when eliminated, are also useful. Just like if the hands or feet are lost, though not fatal, the human body is handicapped.

在了解了人体结构和功能的高超智慧性质以后，人们自然会问，人体所体现的这些高超智慧是从哪里来的？是谁设计并制造了这些如此复杂、精密、又如此巧妙特殊性的器官呢？这个问题是无可回避的，任何实事求是的人，都会承认如此精妙无比的器官结构是不会凭空出现的，因为它们不可能是偶然巧合的产物。假如有人送你一部高级自动照相机，却告诉你说它并没有设计者和制造者，而是自然而然的产物，你会觉得他的话很"科学"而予以按受吗？然而人体器官则比任何人造物品更巧妙、更精确、更灵活适用。这就让人不能否认在人体背后有一位具有超绝智慧和能力的创造者。

After knowing the supreme and smart design of human structures and functions, you might want to know how they come into being. Who has designed and made such sophisticated and precise organs? We cannot avoid the question. Any truth-seeking person would admit that the extremely delicate organs and structures are not produced naturally or accidently. For instance, if someone gives you a top-class camera and tells you it is a natural one without designer or manufacturer; do you think his words are scientific and acceptable? The human body, which is even more delicate, accurate, flexible and practical, must have a supremely wise and capable creator behind it.

在1954年春天的一个星期日清早，我到教会的会所时，看见一个年轻人独自坐在那里，面貌陌生。经过谈话，才知道他是北京协和医学院的学生。他说，“自从我学了人体解剖和生理以后，我感到人体实在太奇妙，如果说没有神，那就根本解释不通”。他到教会来，就是寻求一个正确的答案。这位年轻人的感觉并非个别的事例。记得我们在校学习解剖和生理时，曾有些同学围着一位生理科的老师不断提问，以求究竟。最后这位老师穷于应付，终于说，"同学们不要再追问下去了，再追问下去，你们就会走向宗教。"在当时的社会环境中，这一提示有极大的警戒作用，这些同学立即默然。这件事给我的印象极深，至今不能忘记。当时我的想法是，由神所创造的万物中认识神奇妙和作为，是理所当然的事，那位老师的话可谓切中要害。这位教师虽然不是基督教徒，但他却也不得不承认一个事实，那就是如果对人体的奥妙(宇宙奥妙的一部分)不断认真探究下去，最终就不能不得到有神的结论(走向宗教)，否则，就根本解释不通。正如圣经所说："神的永能和神性是明明可知的，虽是眼不能见，但藉所造之物就可以晓得，叫人无可推诿。"(罗马书1章20节)这位老师所表现的是真正的科学精神吗？不是。科学精神应是实事求是，勇于面对真理，不回避任何矛盾。这位老师明知再前进一步就要走向神，但他却不敢在寻求真理的道路上前进到底，反而在关键时刻劝阻同学们就此止步。这件事说明了很多人之所以拒绝承认神的存在，并非真正出于科学的原因，而是出于种种其它考虑，诸如社会的压力，个人的利害权衡，以及参考前途的影响之类，就如我们那们老师当时的表现。然而神的存在决不会因此而有所改变，而且人也不能永远生活于这种现实的考量之中。总有一天，每个人都不得不面对最后的抉择，不得不面对那位创造宇宙万物、也创造人的最高主宰。圣经上说：“按着定命，人人都有一死，死后且有审判。”(＃２３)如果现在人们不接受这位永生的神，到那时将真是无可推诿了。

On a spring Sunday morning in 1954, I saw a young stranger sitting in the chamber of a Church. When we started to talk, I knew that he was a student at Peking Union Medical College. He said to me, “Since I studied anatomy and physiology, I have felt the human body is really a wonder. It is not possible to understand it unless we interpret the wonder with a God.” He came to the church to seek an answer. The wonder of this young man is not the only example. I remember that when I was studying anatomy and physiology in school, some students surrounded our physiology teacher and kept asking him questions. Finally, the teacher, annoyed by so many questions, told us, “Please stop the questions because they will lead to religion in the end.” Because of the special political background at the time, the teacher’s warning silenced all the students. But his warning impressed me deeply and remained in my memory till today. My thought at that time was that the teacher was right because all the things were created by the God. Though he was not a Christian, he had to admit the truth and the further probe into the human body mysteries (part of the Universe mysteries) would definitely lead to the existence of the God (religion) in the end. Otherwise, it would be impossible to explain the wonders of the human body. The Bible says, “For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse.”(1:20 Romans 1) Was the teacher demonstrating his scientific spirit? No. The scientific spirit means the truth and boldly pursuit of the truth without avoiding any controversy. The teacher knew very clearly that one more step forward would lead to the God but he dared not move onto the path towards the truth. Instead, he asked his students to stop there. It has shown that many people refuse to admit the existence of God not because they don’t have the scientific spirit but because of the social pressure, individual consideration for their interest and prospect, just as what the teacher was doing at that time. Nevertheless, the existence of the God would not change. And we cannot live in such considerations for the reality forever. One day in the future, when we have to face the ultimate choice, we will have to face the supreme master who has created the Universe and the human beings. The Bible says, “And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment.” If we don’t accept the immoral God now, we have no excuse when it comes to the day.

当我们谈到宇宙万物的起源时，有些年青朋友常问，"你们说人是神造的，那么神又是谁造的呢？"这种类推式的问题乍听似乎有理，其实是不能成立的。因为神是造物者不是受造之物，你不能把造物者和受造之物等同起来。桌子是木匠造的，但你不能因此便说木匠和桌子应该有同样的来历。人对神的认识只能根据神对人的启示。否则，人就不可能明白神本性中的奥秘。神说，他是自有、永有、昔在、今在、以后永在的神(出埃及记3章14节；启示录1章8节)对神而言，只有永世，没有时间，没有始终。

When we talk about the origin of all things in the Universe, some young people often ask, “You have said the humans are created by the God, then who has created the God?” The analogizing logics seem to be reasonable. But it is not true. Because the God is the creator instead of the created, you can’t link these together. The table is made by the carpenter. But you cannot say the carpenter and the table have the same origin. Human benings’ understand of the God is only limited to the enlightenment from the God to the humans. Otherwise, humans cannot understand the mystery of God’s nature. The God says, “I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the ending, saith the Lord, which is, and which was, and which is to come, the Almighty.” (Exodus 3:14 and Revelation 1:8). For the God, there is only the eternality, and there is no time, beginning or ending.

即使在科学领域中，也是不容人们作太多类推式的追问的。有一学者对一些学生谈论对神的信仰。有一学生傲然问道：“宇宙从何而来？”学者答：“宇宙是神创造的。”学生又问："神是谁造的？学者答："神是自有永有 的，不是受造之物。"学生便说："这未免太不科学了。"学者反问："地球由何而来？"学生答："由太阳而来。"学者再问："太阳由何而来？"学生答："由星云而来。"学者又问："星云从何而来？"学生感到迟疑，勉强答道："星云由自然而来。"学者进一步追问："自然从何而来？"这学生无以为继，便愤然回答："自然就是自然，就是自然而有的。"学者笑道："这不也太不科学了吗？"可见所谓"科学的"答案亦未见高明。又如科学告诉人们说，物质是由分子构成的。那么分子是由什么构成的呢？分子是由原子构成的。原子是由什么构成的呢？原子是由电子、质子、中子等构成的。然而所有这些粒子又是由什么构成的呢？对此，目前尚难作出确切的回答。原子物理学家们就正在为探索所谓"基本粒子"而努力。粒子而名为"基本"，就意味着科学家们并不预期物质可以无限地分割下去，相信总有一天，人们可以找到那个终极成份，即"基本粒子"。当然，科学家也就不准备是由什么构成的一类问题。这就是极限，一切到此为止。唯物论者宣称宇宙是无限的，物质是永恒的，而且是无限可分的，如此等等，其实都只不过是哲学家们的武断推论，在科学上毫无根据。而且在唯物论者的逻辑中也存在着一个终极，那就是物质，他们说物质乃是自有永有的，他们不能回答物质是哪里来的。再从数学上看，所有数目均起源于一，因为有一才有二，有二才有三，依此类推，以至无穷。你不能问一来自什么，因为一就是一，并不来自其它数目。也就是说，一是万数之"元"。神创造万物，神乃是万有之元，如果还要问万有之元是从哪里来的，显然那是毫无意义的。

Even in the scientific field, too many analogizing questions won’t be tolerated. One scholar was talking about the belief in the God with his students. One student asked suddenly and proudly, “Where does the Universe come from?” The scholar answers, “The Universe is created by the God.” The student continued to ask, “Who has created the God?” The scholar answered, “The God is Alpha and Omega and I am not created.” The student said, “This is not scientific at all.” The scholar then asked the student, “Where does the Earth come from?” The student answered, “The Earth comes from the Sun.” The scholar continued to ask, “Where does the Sun come from?” The student answered, “The Sun comes from the Galaxy.” The scholar asked again, “Where does the Galaxy come from?” The student hesitated and answered, “The Galaxy comes from the nature.” The scholar continued to ask, “Where does the nature come from?” The student couldn’t answer this question and said in anger, “The nature is the nature and comes naturally.” The scholar then laughed, “This is not scientific at all.” So we can conclude that the “scientific” answers are not scientific. Another example is that the sciences tell people that substances are composed of the molecules. Then what are the molecules composed of? The molecules are composed of the atoms. But what are the atoms composed of? They are composed of the electrons, protons and neutrons. Then what are the electrons, protons and neutrons composed of? Till now, we cannot find an answer to this question. The atomic physicists are now working hard to find the “elementary particle”. They are called “basic particles” because the scientists don’t expect the substances to be divided limitlessly. So they believe that one day they will find the ultimate component, the “elementary particle”. Of course, the scientists will not ask such question of “what is something composed of?” This is the extremity and everything ends here. The materialists claim that the Universe is limitless and that the materials are eternal and can be divided limitlessly, etc. They are simply the groundless conclusion of the philosophers. And there is an extremity in their logics, the materials. They say that the materials are Alpha and Omega but can’t tell where the materials come from. Now let’s have a look at the math. All numbers come from 1, followed by 2, 3…. You can’t ask what the 1 is because 1 is 1, and not other numbers. It means that 1 is the origin of all numbers. The Greatest Creator has created all things and the Greatest Creator is the origin of them. It will be meaningless to ask where the Greatest Creator comes from.

-----------------------《宇宙时空篇》-------------------

Universe Time-space Chapter