平息反革命人民暴亂未遂之中國黨親密老朋友、利比亞革命

（ 2011年利比亞）民主暴亂的起因是在一個監獄附近發現了

大批被處決的民主鬥士的白骨。民主勝利後發現這些骨頭不是

1969年9月1日，名不見經傳的利比亞通訊軍官卡扎菲發動政變，推翻伊德里斯王朝，阿拉伯利比亞共和國從此誕生。

在20世紀70年代、80年代和90年代，利比亞領導人卡扎菲為了將全國的持不同政見者一網打盡，讓警察和安全人員在全國範圍內大肆搜捕反對人士。當局還給批評人士冠以“流浪狗”（stray　dog）的罵名。

數千名利比亞男子因而鋃鐺入獄。這些囚犯中，既有伊斯蘭主義者，也有世俗的反對者，但很多都是無辜者，他們只是在錯誤的時間呆在錯誤的地點而被抓。

1996年夏，當時警衛押進來三名新囚犯。就像有些利比亞人一樣，這三人都曾到過阿富汗，參與過抵抗蘇聯入侵的戰爭。隨後他們又與其他穆斯林軍事派別進行作戰。這三人是在巴基斯坦被捕的，接着被引渡回利比亞。這三人是被關在第四區的九號監房。在每個監獄區主通道的每一邊都有約10個監房。每個監房裡關押着25個人。在這三人達到以前，第一區的七號牢房曾有13名囚犯越獄，監獄條件每況愈下。囚犯能吃到的僅有少量的劣質意大利麵。無論他們因任何原因離開監房都會遭到警衛的毆打。他們是穆斯林游擊隊員，曾經去阿富汗拼過命，他們不願意在監獄裡消磨。這三個人決定越獄。

屠殺序幕

慘案的一切都始於1996年夏，當時警衛押進來三名新囚犯。就像有些利比亞人一樣，這三人都曾到過阿富汗，參與過抵抗蘇聯入侵的戰爭。隨後他們又與其他穆斯林軍事派別進行作戰。這三人是在巴基斯坦被捕的，接着被引渡回利比亞。這三人是被關在第四區的九號監房。在每個監獄區主通道的每一邊都有約10個監房。每個監房裡關押着25個人。在這三人達到以前，第一區的七號牢房曾有13名囚犯越獄，監獄條件每況愈下。囚犯能吃到的僅有少量的劣質意大利麵。無論他們因任何原因離開監房都會遭到警衛的毆打。

新來的這三個人決定越獄。他們是穆斯林游擊隊員，曾經去阿富汗拼過命，他們可不願意在監獄裡消磨。1996年6月28日周五，他們開始按計划行動。下午4點半，警衛正在發飯。按照相關條例，一位沒有武裝的警衛走進監獄區，一個監室一個監室地發飯，一名武裝警衛守在外面。發飯的警衛身上帶着這一側所有監室的鑰匙。

當這名警衛來到第四區九號室，他一打開門，那三個人就沖向他，然後就奪走了鑰匙。一名叫Husseinal-Shafai的廚師目擊了這一切。他告訴人權觀察組織，那名警衛和另一人被挾持作為人質。Haraga說，後來另一人不知怎麼就跑掉了。這三名囚犯開始快速地打開他們所在監獄區的所有牢門，隨後又跑向其他區。一個人跑到第二區，不斷地試着鑰匙，但怎麼也打不開。正是這一命運的拐點讓Haraga和他的獄友活了下來。囚犯們設法打開了第三區，又通過了第六區，只有Haraga所在的監獄區和第一區沒有被打開。

半個小時後，當時的獄長Amral-Masalati（現已過世）抵達現場，宣布將射殺任何任何離開監房的人。在那時監獄屋頂上，到處都是武裝警衛。監獄裡每個監獄區之間都隔着一個露天的院子，從監房的高窗可以俯視那裡。現在這些院子已經被鐵絲網、水泥板和瓷磚封上了；而在1996年那裡沒有什麼遮蔽物，地面只有沙子。在囚犯尋找逃跑辦法的時候，警衛居高臨下打死了7個人。

隨後不久卡扎菲的軍情部門的頭子AbdullahAl-Senussi也抵達現場，他生氣地命令停止開火。一位大家都熟悉的囚犯Muftahal-Diwadi被指定出來與軍情頭子Senussi談判。根據人權觀察的資料，與他同行的還有其他三名代表。Diwadi轉述了囚犯們的請求。他們要求改善飲食，家人可以探監，要有合法的訴訟程序。在這些囚犯中，沒有幾個人見過法官，或是說沒幾個人進過法院接受指控。

起先軍情頭子Senussi要求囚犯們送出那七名被打死的囚犯和120名患有重病的囚犯。這些病人被搬上公共汽車拉走了。他再也沒有見過那些人，他和其他獄友都猜測那些人已經被殺了，隨着談判的繼續Haraga和他的獄友們被告知，軍情頭子Senussi正不時地與卡扎菲商量着什麼。在日出前警衛砸開牢門進入了監獄區，他們將每個監房的牢鎖砸開。指揮的人對待這些囚犯挺和藹，還將手放在囚犯的肩頭上。

第二區關押着大約270人，第一區大概也有這麼多人。囚犯們被帶到一處四面圍牆的院子裡，這個院子連接着阿布薩利姆監獄的政治部門和軍事部門。明亮的弧光燈照在院子裡，武裝警衛站在高牆上，高射機槍也指着這些囚犯。囚犯們被命令沖牆站着。他們就要被殺死了，有人還在輕輕地背着《古蘭經》。他們隨後被帶進了軍事區，關進了新牢房，這應是有意讓這些囚犯離開他們原先所關押的地方。根據人權觀察的相關記錄，對於哪些區被隔離，廚師Shafai給出了不同的描述，不過他也說過，第二區的囚犯被轉移到了軍事區。

早晨七點半，Haraga和他的新獄友吃到了一份令人眩目的早餐，有咖啡、牛奶、麵包、奶酪和雞蛋。這要比他們多年吃的那些好得多。一些囚犯都已經忘了雞蛋是什麼味道了。還有一些人仍舊認為這就是刑前餐。隨後在十點四十五左右，他們聽到遠處傳來一聲爆炸。接着還有第二聲。屋頂上的警衛至少投下了一枚手雷。自動武器射擊的聲音持續了大約兩個小時，這聽起來就像是士兵在訓練。

我們完全清楚發生了什麼。我們知道他們正在殺害我們的兄弟，因此我們想，他們也會殺了我們。有些人當時就吐了。兩個小時後槍聲停止。隨後零星的槍聲又響了15分鐘，這是槍手在解決倖存者。在屍堆中拿着手槍走來走去的是一些穿着土黃色特殊制服，帶着綠色絲帕的武裝人員。逃跑的囚犯是被說服或被強迫聚集在兩區之間的院子裡。Haraga稱，那些逃跑的囚犯是被告知軍情頭子Senussi有話要對他們說，接着這些囚犯身後的門被鎖上，屠殺隨即開始。

製造者

阿卜杜拉·森努西，卡扎菲的連襟。在卡扎菲的反對派列出的有關“戰犯名單”上，他排在第二位，僅次於卡扎菲。

在20世紀80年代初，森努西是卡扎菲政權負責內部安全的頭目，卡扎菲政權的很多反對者就是死於他手。一名流亡外國的利比亞人聲稱，在整個利比亞，人們都害怕森努西，“因為他嗜血成性”。他是卡扎菲的左膀右臂、耳目和命令的執行者。卡扎菲走到哪兒，他就跟到哪兒。

人權觀察組織2004年對這次屠殺進行了調查，根據調查，卡扎菲的連襟阿卜杜拉·森努西不但沒與囚犯舉行談判，反倒下令全副武裝的軍隊上到監獄房頂，並命令軍隊用機關槍掃射那些在監獄空地上集會的犯人。

慘案影響

儘管在慘案發生八年之後，卡扎菲自己曾經提到過這次屠殺，然而阿布薩利姆監獄大屠殺一直被裹在迷霧之中，

因為缺乏大屠殺的信息，最近幾年在班加西的人們開始展開例行抗議活動。結果是為監獄慘案受害者家人代理的人權律師FathiTerbil遭到逮捕，這就導致了二月份遊行示威運動的開始，而這最終演變成了一場革命。

阿布·薩利姆監獄位於的黎波里城南，它是煽動利比亞風暴的“蝴蝶”。

利比亞“全國過渡委員會”2011年9月25日宣布，在的黎波里一座監獄內發現一處群屍坑，懷疑坑內超過1270具遺骸是1996年遭穆阿邁爾·卡扎菲安全部隊“屠殺”的遇害者。

The full horror of ousted Libyan leader Moammar Gaddafi's ruthless regime came to light yesterday - after a mass grave containing the bodies of 1,270 prisoners of the former dictator was unearthed.

The human remains - found in a desert field outside the notorious Abu Salim Prison in Tripoli - are believed to be those of prisoners massacred by Gaddafi's henchmen in 1996. Gaddafi gave the order for the mass execution after inmates complained about conditions at the prison.

Authorities were able to uncover the site after interrogating former prison security guards captured during the rebel takeover last month.

遭到驅逐的利比亞領導人卡扎菲無情政權的全部恐怖事件昨日曝光 - 在發掘了一個包含前獨裁者1,270名囚犯遺體的集體墓地後。

人跡罕至的遺體 - 發現於在的黎波里惡名昭彰的阿布薩利姆監獄外面的沙漠地區 - 據信是1996年卡扎菲追捕者屠殺的囚犯。卡扎菲在獄囚抱怨監獄條件後下令大規模處決。

當局在上個月對反叛份子占領期間被俘的前監獄保安人員進行訊問後，能夠揭開這個網站。

Heartbreaking: A woman who says that her son was killed in a massacre at Abu Salim prison holds his picture at the site of the mass grave

A demonstration by women demanding justice for the victims of the prison massacre was one of the sparks that touched off the uprising against Gaddafi in February.

The new regime will ask for international assistance in excavating and identifying the remains because the Libyans don't have sufficient expertise and equipment to test the DNA.

Libyans are eager for those who committed crimes under the old regime to face justice and have been moving forward with efforts to account for the past even as fighting continues in parts of the country.

On Saturday, Gunmen loyal to Gaddafi crossed into Libya from Algeria and attacked revolutionary forces in a town near the frontier, killing six people. Revolutionary forces had repelled the attack but the assailants escaped back across the border.

女性為監獄屠殺的受害者要求公正的示威是引發2月份對卡扎菲暴動的火花之一。

新政權將要求國際援助挖掘和確定遺體，因為利比亞人沒有足夠的專業知識和設備來測試DNA。

利比亞人迫切希望那些在舊政權下犯下罪行的人能夠面對司法，並且一直在努力解決過去的問題，即使在該國部分地區的戰鬥仍在繼續。

周六，忠於卡扎菲的武裝人員從阿爾及利亞進入利比亞，在邊界附近的城鎮攻擊革命力量，造成6人死亡。革命力量擊退了襲擊事件，但襲擊者逃離了邊界。

Body of evidence: The site contains the bone fragments of more than 1,200 people killed by Gaddafi's security forces

Cold comfort: A man salvages some of the bones in the hope of trying to establish what became of a missing relative

The cross-border attack shows loyalist forces have managed to escape Libya and regroup and collect arms, bolstering fears the North African nation could face a protracted insurgency.

Fighters who took up arms against Gaddafi have seized Tripoli and have gained control of the rest of the country, but they are still battling forces loyal to the ousted regime on several fronts.

Gaddafi's wife and three of his children, including his daughter Aisha, fled to Algeria after Tripoli's fall late last month. The whereabouts of the fugitive leader remain unknown and he continues to try to rally supporters.

That has raised concern that he could stoke violence as fighting continues between revolutionary forces in his hometown of Sirte and two other strongholds.

越境襲擊表明忠誠勢力設法逃離利比亞並重組和收集武器，加強了對北非國家可能面臨長期叛亂的擔憂。

對卡扎菲採取武力的戰鬥人員已經占領了的黎波里，並獲得了該國其他地區的控制權，但他們仍然在多條戰線上與被驅逐政權忠誠的部隊作戰。

在上個月的黎波里淪陷後，卡扎菲的妻子和他的三個孩子，包括他的女兒艾莎，逃到了阿爾及利亞。逃亡領導人的下落仍然未知，他仍然試圖召集支持者。

這引起了人們的擔憂，即他的家鄉蘇爾特的革命力量和另外兩個據點之間的戰鬥仍在繼續，他可能會助長暴力。

Searching for justice: Authorities have promised to excavate the site in the hope of identifying the victims of the massacre

Aisha Gaddafi, who played a key role in her father's inner circle, said in an audio recording broadcast on Friday that her father was in high spirits and fighting alongside his supporters. She called the country's new leaders traitors, noting that some of them were members of Gaddafi's regime before defecting in the civil war.

'I assure you, he is fine, a believer in God, in good spirits, is carrying his gun and is fighting side by side with the warriors,' she said.

In other developments yesterday, Gaddafi's hometown of Sirte came under an extremely heavy Nato bombardment as anti-Gaddafi forces laid siege to the city. Seven rebels were killed in the battle and 152 wounded.

越境襲擊表明忠誠勢力設法逃離利比亞並重組和收集武器，加強了對北非國家可能面臨長期叛亂的擔憂。

對卡扎菲採取武力的戰鬥人員已經占領了的黎波里，並獲得了該國其他地區的控制權，但他們仍然在多條戰線上與被驅逐政權忠誠的部隊作戰。

這引起了人們的擔憂，即他的家鄉蘇爾特的革命力量和另外兩個據點之間的戰鬥仍在繼續，他可能會助長暴力。

Some bones are bigger than normal human remains, official says
No excavation has taken place at the site
The suspected grave was found August 20, government officials say
The site is behind a prison where a 1996 massacre was reported

Libya's transitional government has hedged its claims that a mass grave had been found behind a notorious prison, telling reporters Monday that some bones found there were too large to be from humans.

"Some investigations have been conducted on this mass grave specifically, and there has been no conclusion yet," said Jamal Ben Noor, a senior official with the Justice and Human Rights Ministry. Ben Noor said

the site reported behind Abu Salim prison in Tripoli "could be something else," because the bones found here are bigger than normal human remains.

Officials with the National Transitional Council, the movement that ousted longtime Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi in August, said Sunday that it was investigating whether a mass grave had been found behind Abu Salim. Human rights groups say Gadhafi's government put down a 1996 uprising at the cost of hundreds of lives -- a toll the regime never acknowledged -- and the NTC said Sunday the grave may hold as many as 1,270 bodies.

But a CNN team that was brought to the muddy field with other news outlets found only what appeared to be animal bones. The NTC has called on international governments to help it investigate the site, which was discovered by revolutionary forces on August 20, said Kamal el Sherif, a member of the transitional government.

Ben Noor said officials "should wait and give it more time until we finish the investigation." He said the justice ministry is investigating a number of similar sites and may form a special committee of experts to review the finds.

Abu Salim's prisoners rioted over poor conditions and restricted family visits in June 1996, seizing a guard and escaping from their cells. Guards on the rooftops responded by opening fire on prisoners in open areas, former prisoner Hussein Shafei told Human Rights Watch in an interview years later.

Security officials ordered the shooting to stop and feigned negotiations, but officials instead called in firing squads to gun down the prisoners, Shafei said. After the inmates agreed to return to their cells, they were taken to prison outdoor areas, blindfolded, handcuffed, and shot, he recounted.

Gadhafi's government denied any crime had taken place. When some families filed a complaint against the government in 2007, Human Rights Watch said, the government offered them compensation in exchange for their silence. The families refused, calling it a bribe, and instead began holding protests each Saturday in Benghazi, one of the spots where the Libyan unrest began this year.

"There is a lot more to be done to reach the actual truth of this massacre," said Dr. Salem Fergani, one of the NTC officials who reviewed the site.

Family members of the Abu Salim victims were at the site on Sunday, and former guards at the prison are cooperating with an investigation, said Abdul Wahad Gady, a member of the military council in charge of the site. Gady said Sunday that efforts to excavate the site would only begin once "the proper team of experts, consultants and forensic teams" was in place.

At first, said Gady, inmates' bodies were buried inside the prison walls, but moved outside the walls in 1999.

Abu Salim Prison Massacre in Libya is Recognized by the African Union

1996年6月利比亞阿布薩利姆監獄大屠殺終獲非洲聯盟正式承認

Abu Salim Prison Massacre in Libya is Recognized by the African Union

by FARAJ NAJEM on MAY 17, 2013

Finally the African Union is able to acknowledge the massacre of Abu Salim prison as one of the major human rights violations in Africa like the Apartheid racial system in South Africa, and the genocide in Rwanda, and the slave trade in Africa, etc. The African Union human rights memorial, itself on the site of a notorious prison, will formally recognize the victims of the Abu Salim prison massacre and other victims of the crimes of the regime of Muammar Gaddafi.

最終，非洲聯盟能夠承認大屠殺阿布薩利姆監獄是非洲主要的侵犯人權行為之一，例如南非的種族隔離制度，盧旺達的種族滅絕行為以及非洲的奴隸貿易等等。非洲本身就在臭名昭着的監獄現場的聯盟人權紀念碑將正式承認Abu Salim監獄屠殺的受害者和卡扎菲政權犯罪的其他受害者。

我現在有一封非洲聯盟致利比亞政府和利比亞和國外民間社會組織的正式信函，要求保留阿布薩利姆監獄的遺體，使之成為朝聖和紀念前所未有的人權侵犯的地方在這個地方犯下了。

更重要的是，我們將努力為1996年6月29日卡扎菲暴徒在不到三小時內遇難的1270名烈士的家屬尋找答案。直到今天，我們還不知道那些無辜謀殺者屍體的下落阿布薩利姆

我對埃塞俄比亞和美國，英國，突尼斯和南非的同事在這方面給予我的支持表示感謝。

I have now an official letter from the African Union to the Libyan government and civil society organizations in Libya and abroad, requesting that what remains of the Abu Salim prison be preserved to become a place of pilgrimage and memorial of the unprecedented human right abuses that were perpetrated in this place.

More importantly, we shall strive to find answers for the families of the 1270 martyrs who were killed in less than three hours by Qaddafi’s thugs on 29th of June 1996.

To this day, we do not know the whereabouts of the bodies of those innocent murdered ones.

I express my thanks to colleagues from Ethiopia and the United States, Britain, Tunisia and South Africa for the support they gave me in this regard.

不過看來他們已經振作起來，重新披掛上陣。這兩天又編造出最新謠言，利比亞反抗軍強姦致死卡扎菲女保鏢。這謠言還分為兩個版本，都配有圖片。無恥之處在於，其中很多圖片實為各國不幸橫死女性。

此謠言第一版本標題為“西方民主的恥辱：卡扎菲的漂亮女保鏢被強暴致死”，此謠言在圍脖上為老五毛兒 @司馬南 @老鬼阿定傳播。截圖存證如下：

搜索可發現該謠言大量存在於中文網站，尤其是軍事類論壇，例如西陸軍事論壇，強國網等等。

“卡扎菲逃亡之時，他的女人衛隊也解散了。但是，依舊有不少人被發現行蹤——悲劇因此產生。根據中東前衛網站整理的消息，卡扎菲的三名女保鏢均遭辱殺。”

而謠言的第二版本標題為"反對派暴行錄：卡扎菲被雞姦其女保鏢遭輪姦", 這一版本謠言可見於天涯國際觀察版，四月網等等。這版本謠言宣稱，卡扎菲一位女保鏢被反抗軍輪姦性虐待後，跑到西方記者雲集的酒店控訴，並當場被過渡委官員強行帶走。細節講的繪聲繪色，口味挺重，也配有照片，聲稱是該女保鏢控訴和被扭送的場面。（四月網昨天筆者瀏覽時仍配有照片，在被其他人指出問題後今天刪除了照片，試圖毀滅證據。）鏈接如下：

自然，這些五毛兒對消息出處永遠是扭扭捏捏，也許編造消息來源對他們來說難度過大？第一個版本謠言中，給的出處是“中東前衛網站”，請問這是什麼網站？第二個則說是美媒消息。具體哪家，自然也說不出來（也許他們連一家的名字都說不上來）。既然這些消息這麼勁爆，外國媒體當然該有報道。可惜搜索互聯網，找不到任何英文報道。顯然近期並沒什么女保鏢被反抗軍強姦的消息出現。

再利用谷歌的圖片搜索功能，很容易就找到五毛那幾張圖片的出處。第一組三張圖片全部來自重口味網站。第一張從這裡能找到：

這網頁是西班牙語，但可用谷歌翻譯成英語。說的是南美的謀殺案。注意時間，2010年6月。由於場面血腥，就不發截圖了。

第二張則可從某極端伊斯蘭教網站上找到。該圖片說明宣稱這是印尼穆斯林女孩被基督教徒強姦致死。這說法當然未必是真的，但這不重要，重要的是這圖片貼出的時間：2010年8月12號。

第三張，能在一個叫“宇宙奇聞奇圖網”的重口味網站找到，鏈接如下。大家就不要點開了，以防病毒。

這個網站對圖片的說明是：俄羅斯車禍女屍。是否確實是車禍女屍不知道，但這圖片發布時間上面寫着：2010年9月16號。

再來看謠言第二版本裡的照片。這個就更可笑了，這說的明明是幾個月前利比亞婦女 Iman al-Obeidi （而不是什麼杜麗婭。五毛連阿拉伯名字都不會起。）跑進西方記者下榻的飯店向他們控訴被卡扎菲士兵強姦的事情。把她架走的，自然是卡扎菲政府官員。當時此事轟動一時。請看維基百科介紹：

裡面的照片正是五毛兒選用的三張之一。再看看下面的視頻，還正好有她被卡扎菲政府官員拉走的場面。和五毛造謠用的照片裡面的一模一樣。