行為成癮背景下的動態評估：一項系統綜述

Ambulatory assessment in the context of behavioral addictions: A systematic review

——《臨床心理學：科學與實踐》第33卷，第1期，2026年3月——

<Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice> Volume 33, Issue 1, March 2026

【摘要】遊戲、賭博、購物、社交網絡使用及色情內容使用等成癮行為正日益受到廣泛研究。儘管現有證據大多源自橫斷面研究，但近年來，採用動態評估（ambulatory assessment）方法的研究呈上升趨勢，從而提升了研究的生態效度。本項預註冊系統綜述（PROSPERO—CRD42023450779）旨在識別針對行為成癮的動態評估研究，歸納在自然情境下所評估的方法與心理機制，並探討動態評估所面臨的挑戰與機遇。本綜述分析了PubMed和Web of Science數據庫中，發表於2000年至2025年間、且包含針對行為實施情況的動態評估指標的同行評審研究。研究的偏倚風險採用《流行病學觀察性研究報告規範》（STROBE）清單進行評估，研究結果則採用定性方法進行綜合歸納。在納入的48項研究中，18項聚焦於賭博成癮；各有8項研究分別聚焦於非特指的智能手機使用及社交網絡使用；6項聚焦於購物成癮；5項聚焦於色情內容使用；2項聚焦於非特指的互聯網使用；僅1項聚焦於遊戲成癮。研究中對心理機制及行為實施情況的評估，主要通過使用經過驗證的問卷或單個條目進行。在各類評估指標中，感知到的誘因、渴求感以及強化過程的評估頻率最高，且這些因素在日常生活中與行為實施情況呈現出穩健的相關性。目前，針對成癮行為的動態評估研究數量正持續增長，為深入理解成癮機制提供了基於真實世界的洞察。然而，目前仍缺乏一套系統化的方法來全面評估行為實施過程及其背後的潛在機制。儘管研究突顯了誘因與渴求感在日常生活中所具有的重要意義，但針對習慣形成及抑制控制能力的測量卻鮮有涉及。此外，由於各研究在研究目標、設計方案及理論基礎方面存在顯著差異，導致研究結果之間的可比性受到了一定限制。基於上述發現，本綜述針對未來開展成癮行為動態評估研究提出了若干係統性的建議。

【關鍵詞】行為成癮，動態評估，人格—情感—認知—執行交互，遊戲障礙，網絡成癮

[Abstract] Addictive behaviors including gaming, gambling, buying/ shopping, social-network use, and pornography use are increasingly studied. While most evidence stems from cross-sectional research, ambulatory assessment studies have increased in recent years, enhancing ecological validity. This preregistered systematic review (PROSPERO—CRD42023450779) aimed to identify ambulatory assessment studies on behavioral addictions, summarize methods and psychological mechanisms assessed in the natural environment, and discuss challenges and opportunities of ambulatory assessments. Peer-reviewed studies from PubMed and Web of Science published between 2000 and 2025 with ambulatory assessment measures of behavior enactment were analyzed. Risk of bias was assessed with a Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist, and findings were synthesized qualitatively. Among 48 studies, 18 focused on gambling, eight studies each on unspecified smartphone use and social-network use, six on buying/shopping, five on pornography use, two on unspecified internet use, and one on gaming. Psychological mechanisms and behavior enactment were mostly assessed with validated questionnaires or individual items. Perceived triggers, craving, and reinforcement processes were assessed the most and showed robust relationships with behavior enactment in daily life. Numbers of ambulatory assessment studies on addictive behaviors are growing, providing real-world insights into addiction mechanisms. However, systematic approaches to assess behavior enactment and underlying mechanisms are lacking. While the relevance of triggers and craving in daily lives were highlighted, habit and inhibitory control were seldomly measured. Study comparability was limited due to heterogeneous research goals, study designs, and theoretical foundations. Systematic recommendations for future ambulatory assessments on addictive behaviors are proposed.

[Key words] behavioral addictions, ambulatory assessment, interaction of person–affect–cognition–execution, gaming disorder, internet addiction

論文原文：Anna Knorr, Elisa Wegmann, Astrid Müller, et al (2026). Ambulatory assessment in the context of behavioral addictions: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, Volume 33, Issue 1, Pages 51–70. March 2026,

https://doi.org/10.1037/cps0000299

（翻譯兼責任編輯：MARY）

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