临床心理学家的核心胜任力图谱构建：基于九项国际标准与认证文件的定性荟萃分析

Mapping Core Competencies for Clinical Psychologists: A Qualitative Meta-Analysis of Nine International Standards and Accreditation Documents

——《临床心理学：科学与实践》第33卷，第2期，2026年6月——

<Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice > Volume 33, Issue 2, June 2026

【摘要】本研究旨在梳理临床心理学家执业所需的各项胜任力。我们依据定性元分析及反思性主题分析的原则，对九份国际标准与认证文件进行了定性元分析。通过分析与综合，我们构建了一个包含12个主题及37个子主题的结构体系，并将其组织为涵盖三个胜任力领域的层级模型。领域1涵盖了临床心理学家执业的基础性胜任力，这些能力虽非该领域所独有，却是执业的基石（包括知识获取、人际交往技能、自我理解与自我调节）。领域2涵盖了使领域1中的胜任力得以在临床情境中应用的过程性与概念化技能（包括批判性思维、信息综合、研究能力及专业发展）。领域3描述了临床胜任力的可观察表现（包括临床过程管理、干预方案的量身定制、临床任务中的协作、专业角色的行为表现以及对系统的影响）。明确这些被国际公认为临床心理学家执业所需的胜任力，对于不同情境下的临床培训体系构建具有重要意义；此外，这些研究结果也有助于通过更有效地评估胜任力水平，为改进临床培训工作提供宝贵的参考依据。

【关键词】培训；标准；胜任力；临床心理学；定性元分析

[Abstract] Mapping competencies articulated as necessary to practice as a clinical psychologist. We conducted a qualitative meta-analysis of nine international standards and accreditation documents, using principles for qualitative meta-analysis and reflexive thematic analysis. Our analysis and synthesis resulted in a thematic structure comprising 37 subthemes organized under 12 themes. We arranged these in a hierarchical model with three domains of competencies. Domain 1 describes essential competencies that are fundamental for practicing as a clinical psychologist, but not exclusive to the field (knowledge acquisition, interpersonal skills, and self-understanding and regulation). Domain 2 captures process and conceptualization skills that enable the application of the competencies in Domain 1 in clinical contexts (critical thinking, synthesis of information, research, and professional development). Finally, Domain 3 describes the observable expression of clinical competency (managing the clinical process, tailoring interventions, collaboration on clinical tasks, professional role conduct, and influence systems). The analysis and identification of internationally recognized competencies considered necessary to practice as a clinical psychologist can have important implications for the organization of clinical training across contexts. The findings may also provide a valuable foundation for improving clinical training through better assessment of competency levels.

[Key words] training; standards; competency; clinical psychology; qualitative meta-analysis

论文原文：Stige, Signe Hjelen; Visted, Endre; Schanche, Elisabeth; Vøllestad, Jon (2026). Mapping core competencies for clinical psychologists: A qualitative meta-analysis of nine international standards and accreditation documents. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, Volume 33, Issue 2, Pages 214–227. June 2026.

https://doi.org/10.1037/cps0000329

（翻译兼责任编辑：MARY）

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