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Styloceras Penninervium Gentry & Aymard
[Sánchez et al. 9540] 魔鬼果?
From the Mirador (ca. 2000 m) near Venceremos at the northwestern boundary of the Bosque de Protección Alto Mayo. Primative but passable bridge which allows taxis from Rioja to reach Naciento Río Negro, a town growing on the edge of the Bosque de Protección Alto Mayo. Don't know if edible or not.   
Voyria aphylla (Jacq.) Pers. (Gentianaceae) 生長在同一地區十分微小的花果
  
雨林葡萄樹Marcgravia 吸引蝙蝠食慾的聲回波花朵 Marcgraviaceae Marcgravia umbellata L.
Liane, root climber at first, with small heart-shaped leaves with rounded ends, c 2cm long, pressed to tree trunks; then mature foliage pendulous, c. 12 pairs laterals meeting, with some finer veins parallel to them, acuminate, up to 13cm long; twigs with many prominent lenticels; sometimes with two gland nr base of lf lower surface. Inflorescences very distinctive, pendulous, with up to 30 green flowers and 4 or 5 sack-like 3.5cm nectaries to attact humming birds. © W.D. Hawthorne Meanwhile, in Cuba, a plant has discovered a way to dupe bats into doing their dirty work. This is troubling news, because I don’t like the thought that plants are “discovering” anything. I would rather plants just grow and then get eaten by wallabies and then die in the winter. I hope this doesn’t become a trend. This Cuban vine, known by the catchy name Marcgravia evenia, has decided to one-up the rest of the plant kingdom. While other plants attract pollinators like bees and butterflies by using bright colours and sweet smells, the Marcgravia evenia attracts bats using sound. The green leaves of the vine create a sort of “satellite dish” shape, and apparently when the bats squeak out their sounds (bats use echos to locate things in the dark), the Marcgravia evenia sounds so good that Cuban bats can’t resist themselves. They fly right into the plant and stir up all the pollen, and the plant just smokes a cigar and listens to the Buena Vista Social Club. (Raise your hand if you got that joke…well done). Thus the plant doesn’t have to waste any energy being good looking, sweet smelling, or good tasting. No word on what the bats get if they ask for “extra sugar.”
並不是只有我們喜歡蝙蝠——古巴雨林葡萄樹Marcgravia也努力引起它們的注意。最近發 現(儘管不是最近演化的), M. evenia'有一個獨特的凹形形狀,就像小衛星的形狀。為什麼? 是為了有力的回應蝙蝠頻繁拍打的回聲定位。這使得飛行的哺乳動物朋友很容易認出它們, 這 些動物往往由於較差的視力依靠回聲定位。 from: 美國《大眾科學》盤點現代10大物種進化現象2011年11月01日 10:23:29 
 
滇皂莢(soap-bark tree)
俗稱皂角米、皂角仁 英文名：Chinese Honeylocust Fruit 拉丁植物動物礦物名：Gleditsia sinensis Lam.[G.horrida Willd.]
別名：雞棲子、皂 角、大皂莢、長皂莢、長皂角、大皂角、懸刀、 烏犀。
藥用部位：果實
一說到皂角，老人們都知道是用來洗衣服的。其實，這種類似於“肥皂”的東西還是種美食。近兩年，用皂角仁做菜就在廚師間悄然流行。皂角米，可以熬粥喝，也可以煲糖水或做煲湯的材料，據說可以美容，還可以起到美白的效果。皂角米全國有兩個主要產皂角的地方，一是雲南，一是貴州。雲南皂角米，又叫滇皂仁；貴州皂角米 ，又叫皂角精、皂仁 。貴州皂角米更厚片、煮後口感不如雲南皂角米、膠原也少些；雲南皂角米更薄片、煮後口感更軟糯、湯更黏稠、膠元蛋白含量高些。
這是叫做菇娘的水果 Physalis alkekengi 水果名稱：紅菇娘
別名：燈籠草、掛金燈、錦燈籠、酸漿
科屬：茄科，酸漿屬 Physalis alkekengi 酸漿又名紅菇娘、掛金燈、戈力、燈籠草、洛神珠、泡泡草等，北方稱為菇蔫兒、姑娘兒，以果實供食用。原產於中國，南北均有野生資源分布。酸漿在中國栽培歷 史較久，在公元前300年，《爾雅》中即有酸漿的記載。現在在東北地區種植較廣泛。其他地區種植較少，仍屬稀特蔬菜。世界性分布，墨西哥菜里有一種沾玉米餅的調料就是以這種果實而不是蕃茄碎切出來加辣椒而成的。 酸漿以果實供食用。成熟果食甜美清香，是營養較豐富的水果蔬菜。漿果富含維生素C，對治療再生障礙性貧血有一定療效。果實有清熱利尿功效，外敷可消炎，全 株可配製殺蟲劑，也可供觀賞用。 為茄科植物多年草本，原本是野生植物。多生長在山坡上，它耐寒抗旱，在我國北方和東北地區生長較 多。株枝上的果實呈多角燈籠形，內有圓形果球，如櫻桃大小，秋天成熟後可食用，味甘甜。在國外也見過桃子大小的綠色菇娘，至少大的菇娘品種在口感上始終比不上蕃茄那麼可口。它還是一種中藥材，有清熱解毒，鎮咳利尿的功效。又據現代科學分 析，菇娘果中含有十八種氨基酸，有二十一種微量元素和礦物質，還有八種維生素。又是無污染、風味獨特、營養豐富的天然綠色食品。分為紅菇娘和黃菇娘兩種。 紅菇娘又稱錦燈籠、燈籠果。紅菇娘的藥用價值較高，在中藥上稱為“苦子”可清熱、解毒、清痰止咳，治療慢性氣管炎，長期服用可預防和治療糖尿病。黃菇娘又 稱甜菇娘、金菇娘。甜菇娘屬草本植物，抗病力強，維生素C、維生素E含量是其它果品的5倍。長期食用可潤喉止咳，通便利尿，生津開胃，降血壓，美容養顏。 甜菇娘的硒含量比普通水果高10倍，重金屬含量為零。具有增強人體免疫力，防癌、抗癌之功效。
蓬虆 三月泡
別名糯飯飄粒，也叫飯飄, 企 晃刺、野杜利、豎藤火梅刺、飯消扭、割田藨，為薔薇科懸鈎子屬 植物蓬虆。
生丘陵間，藤葉繁衍，蓬蓬累累，故名。可入藥。 漢 劉向 《列仙傳·昌容》：“﹝ 昌容 ﹞食蓬虆根，往來上下見之者二百餘年，而顏色如二十許人。” 唐 賈島 《逢博陵故人彭兵曹》詩： “別後解餐蓬虆子，向前未識牡丹花。”參閱 明 李時珍 《本草綱目·草七·蓬蘽》。
學名：Rubus hirsutus Thunb. 科屬：薔薇科懸鈎子屬 英文名：Hirsute Raspberry 這一類的木莓果近親非常多，色彩鮮艷多樣，紅黑黃白橘色都有。Rubus idaeus (Red Raspberry; occasionally as European Raspberry, Framboise, or simply Raspberry) 全都是好吃可愛的果子，名稱有牛凸肚;蓬虆;熊莓(日本) Rubus crataegifolius 覆盆子 Rubus idaeus L.;European raspberry;red raspberry 鮮紅木莓 Rubus illecebrosus。懸鈎子等等。
 
地枇 杷 : 地瓜藤、地石榴、地膽紫、霜坡虎、地棠果、地板藤. 桑科榕屬植物 我吃過的最難忘的水果之一，味道十分迷人地香甜。 地枇杷 Ficus tikoua Bur.。小時候被告之可以吃時，一嘗，鮮美清香，難得的好氣息和好味道。植物葉子革質濃綠，很好認，做頁脈書籤有 立體感。有大片地 板藤的地方都是護土 坡，因此比較乾淨。這種植物護堤坡土的力氣很大，應該推廣。記得日本研究中國北方環境保護文章里推薦過 葛藤，不知道是同一植物不。 
厚皮甜瓜? Muskmelon, cucumis melo reticulatus 
A model 肉豆蔻科肉豆蔻屬蘭嶼肉豆蔻 這個其實和Nutmeg（肉豆蔻）一樣是做調料的肉豆蔻類的果實，叫肉豆蔻科肉豆蔻屬蘭嶼肉豆蔻。 不過，它大多了，而且可食用。肉豆蔻是肉豆蔻科植物肉豆蔻Myristica fragrans Houtt.的乾燥種仁。  Seeds of Coco de Mer palm 
"male" "female" 
Coco de Mer 塞舌爾椰 土生於非洲塞舌爾的Praslin和 Curieuse島上的“Lodoiceacallipyge”，傳說中的“海底椰”
果實非常像女性的臀部“Callipyge”本身就是“美麗屁股”的意思。海底椰有止咳、清肺的藥用，是塞國的國寶。但是，中藥里的“海底椰”通常是另一種雞蛋大小的椰果，不是這麼大的塞舌爾椰。 因塞舌爾椰產量極其有限，現存的塞舌爾椰椰樹受到塞舌耳當地政府的保護，已禁止出口，僅在本地做觀賞. 
 
Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) 黑核桃 吃起來跟中國陝西四川的山核桃一樣，核堅硬，肉香甜。如果大家還記得以前學的課文裡面的內容，一定會想到古人用來微刻小舟的就是這種山核 桃。
The Romans recognized the medicinal properties of the Black Walnut centuries ago. They also thought that it was the fruit that their Gods lived on. Today it is recognized that Black Walnut contains antifungal, anti-parasitic, astringent and antiseptic properties.
Tagbak (Alpinia elegans)
Specimen : Wild Observed habit : Creekbank thickets Location : San Miguel, Bulacan
Local name : Tagbak, Tugbak Family : Zingiberaceae Height : 2-3 meters
Leaves : Alternate; Linear or narrowly ovate, apex sharply acuminate, firm, bright to dull green.Used for : Fruit rind edible but a little woody in texture; Rhizomes, leaves and juice of the stem are used in traditional medicine. Origin : Endemic to the Philippines. Conservation status : Not threatened
Possible threat : Clearing of woodlands for agricultural, commercial or residential use (Note : Samples identified for the author by taxonomist Mr. Ulysses Ferreras; Synonymous to Kolowratia elegans)
 
菲律賓Tabo果
Fruits (courtesy of Edmund Sana). Local name : Tabu, Tabo Specimen : Fruits (courtesy of Edmund Sana) Local name : Tabu, Tabo。 Botanical name : Willughbeia sp. Family : Apocynaceae
Fruit : Berry, 10cms x 7cms (more or less), egg-shaped to football-shaped, brown skin, thick yellow to orange rind and white sticky latex; Seeds numerous, deep brown, elongated, each 3cms. long (more or less), enveloped by a sweet, creamy, white to nearly translucent aril or meat. Fruting season : Fruits received on August. Traits : Large liana; Shade tolerant. Recommendations : Backyard planting; Commercial planting; Fruit collector’s; Wildcrafting. Origin : The Philippines (and elsewhere?)
Conservation status : Not threatened in the Philippines
 
山馬茶果 Tabernaemontana elegans "Toad tree" 大果狗牙花 (馬蹄花屬) 非洲祖魯人把它當作牛奶添加物來吃。台灣省亦產。   Tabernaemontana africana 非洲山馬茶
 
海棗 只產於阿聯酋沙漠中為數不多的幾個綠洲中的椰棗 英文名為（Cluster of fresh dates），和其他地區椰棗不同，它是當成鮮果食用的。據知其甜度很高，只需生吃十個輕易達到3000卡熱量！    陽桃 酢醬草科Oxalidaceae植物陽桃 Averrhoa carambola Linn 陽桃 為酢漿草科植物陽桃的果實。 陽桃不算是少見水果，中國是原產地之一，是久負盛名的 嶺南佳果之一。因橫切面如 五角星，故國外又稱之為"星梨" (Starfruit)。 三廉、楊桃、五斂子、五稜子、山斂、三斂子、羊桃、澤挑、五斂、酸五棱、三稜子、木踏子、風鼓、鬼桃、酸桃、蜜桃楊、梅桃。陽桃又分為酸陽桃和甜楊挑兩大 類。酸陽桃果實大而酸，俗稱“三稔”，較少生吃，多作烹調配料或加工蜜餞。甜陽桃可分為“大花”、“中花”、“白殼仔”三個品系，其中以廣州郊區花地產的 “花紅”品味最佳，它清甜無渣，味道特別可口。陽桃是常綠小喬木或灌木，漿果一年四季交替互生，但品質以7月開花，秋分果熟的為最佳，產量也最高。中秋前 後為陽桃的旺產期。蜜餞陽桃是蜜餞中的佼佼者，不可錯過。    Cucumis anguria Spiny Cucumbers "West Indian Gherkin" 黃瓜的親戚們 Plant produces big vines with distinct leaves, closer to watermelon than cucumbers. Productive amounts of oval spiny fruits 2-3" long and 1½" in diameter. Distinct flavor, used for making small pickles or relish. Very drought tolerant. This variety dates back to at least two centuries. 60- 65 days.    Cucumis metuliferus "African horned cucumber" Bright orange, ovaloid fruit to 6-9", with numerous prominent spines. Flesh is bright green, watery, and with a slight sweetness. Description: The horned melon is a vining annual that can be grown practically anywhere, provided a warm season. Plants can produce up to 100 fruits on a single vine. Provide support for the tendrils to grab. Leaves and stems are hairy.             
Cucumis spp
This small to medium sized tree is perfect for a small garden. It reaches about 3-8m in height, with a single roughly fissured corky trunk. Its evergreen foliage is always a rich glossy green colour. It bears clusters of white star shaped fragrant flowers from the start of spring to the end of summer. The fruit is usually in pairs, with a look and texture similar to a toads skin.It will grow in semi shade to full sun, and requires moderate water in well draining soil. It is frost hardy to an extent. Apart from the yellow pulp being eaten on its own, the Zulu people add it to milk to speed up the curdling process. The seeds are also burnt, ground to a powder and mixed with tobacco for chewing or smoking. As a medicinal plant it has a variety of uses. Easily propagated from seed. It requires full sun and must be well watered. It is half-hardy and young plants should be protected from frost.
 
印度黃瓜 Tindola, Indian Perrenial Cucumber, Miniature Cucumber, Ivy Gourd, Scarlet Gourd
(Rau Mảnh Bát) - Coccinia grandis, Coccinia indica
A popular vegetable (called Tindola) in India, this miniature cucumber is quite rare here. The fruits are only 2 or 3 inches long, with a very nice scarlet red interior. Rich in beta-carotene, the fruits are used to prepare delicious stuffed curries, stews, pickles, salads and stir fries. Green fruits are crunchy and their colorful slices make beautiful decoration on salads. Ripe fruits are soft, bright red, and can be eaten raw. Young foliage and branch tips are used in soup
?
 
Tampoi ( Braccaurea bracteata)
The 'tampoi' fruit has a white sweet pulp and is mainly eaten fresh. A local wine is also prepared from this fruit. 木奶果 
   
Cucumber Tree 黃瓜樹 Parmenteria Aculeata Guajilote 食用蠟燭木, Guahalote (Parmentiera edulis, edible) 可食用，具有蠟味 Guajilote
‧學名：
Parmentiera edulis Raf.
Parmentiera edulis DC.
‧科名： 紫葳科(Bignoniaceae)蠟燭木屬(Parmentiera)
‧別名： 蠟瓜樹
‧原產地： 墨西哥、瓜地馬拉，台灣於 1970 年間引進種植。
‧ 分佈： 栽培種，台中縣勢林路近東勢林場 300 公尺路邊各有一棵蠟燭木和食用蠟燭木、台中市惠文中學校園有種植。‧ 用途： 1.觀賞用：適合大型盆栽或庭植美化。2.作蠟燭用：果實酷似蠟燭，且富含百分之六十的油脂，曬乾，點燃後 光 亮柔和，而且不會冒煙。2.食用：果實筒狀，彎曲，形似辣椒，可食用。
‧莖： 蠟燭木之枝條很整齊的排列成十字對生狀，每一節上生有兩枝幹，細枝的節處有針刺，且相對排列。這是蠟燭木極為重大的特色。‧ 葉： 葉叢生，三出複葉，總柄上有翼，小葉呈長橢圓形或卵狀橢圓形。
‧花： 花冠筒狀，先端 5 裂，皺曲，乳白色，略帶漊G。
‧果實： 果實呈彎曲筒狀，果不開裂，果柄短，果長 10~13 公分，黃綠色，形似辣椒，可食用，具有蠟味。
‧特性： 食用蠟燭木株高約 1~4 公尺，小枝節處有針刺。葉叢生，三出，葉柄具狹翼，橢圓形或倒卵形，全緣，先端鈍或尖。夏至秋季開花，花冠乳白色，徑約 5 公分。果實筒狀，灣曲，形似辣椒，粗約 3~5 公分，長約 10~13 公分，可食用，適合大型盆栽或庭植美化。：
This highly ornamental tree is a conversation piece due to the interesting shape of its leaves and the greenish-cream flowers that grow directly from the stem or branch tips. The 1 ft long fruit resembles a greenish-yellow cucumber. The fibrous fruit is juicy with a sweet flavor similar to sugar cane.  
  
猴麵包
在非洲干 旱的熱帶 草原上，生長着一種形狀奇特的大樹——它的名字叫波巴布樹。由於猴子和阿拉伯狗面狒狒都喜歡吃它的果 實，所以當地人稱“猴麵包樹”，英文 名稱是baobab 。猴 麵包樹的果實為長橢圓形，灰白色，長30—35厘米，縱切面約15— 17厘米。其果肉多汁，含有有機酸和膠質，吃起來略帶酸味。 既可 生吃，又可制 作清涼飲料和調味品。其果肉包裹很多種子，種子含油量高達15％，榨出的油上等食用油。種子還可與雜糧混合食用。
下面是另外兩種麵包果(Breadfruit), 果肉有的類似于波羅密，如印度人食用的麵包果，其他的有時被叫做榴蓮，但是更象是可以吃的大個懸鈴木果實。
  
 Sausage tree 我只摸過這種巨大的果實，可惜果實不能食用(種子熟後可食)。
Fast grower, hard-to-kill plant! It produces large, dark red flowers that hang from the crown of the tree and huge sausage-like fruits. The mature fruits hang from the long stalks like giant sausages. They may be up to 3 feet long and weigh up to 30 pounds. Seeds however can be eaten only if roasted.
Limau sari atau 'buddhas fingers' 一種佛手柑橘 
   
  
佛手 古 稱飛穰，又名佛手柑、五指柑、佛手香櫞，芸香科植物佛手 Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle的果實。 佛手原產中國和印度，是一種名貴的果花卉和藥用植物，常綠小喬木或灌木。 佛手是我國 著名的觀 果花卉之一。株高1-2米，常綠，枝葉灰綠色，嫩枝新葉微帶紫紅，具短硬棘刺，有香氣。單葉互生，柄短，無箭葉，革質。一般春天開 花，結的果實 稱伏果，先端分裂如指，多為“開佛手”。夏季一般不開花或開花很少，結的果實，先端呈半分半合狀。秋天開花，結的果實 稱秋果，先端如 握拳狀，多為“拳佛 手”。佛手冬至時成熟，果實呈古銅 色，香氣襲人，不僅具有很高的觀賞價值，而且也是一種健胃、理氣的中 藥。佛手又名九爪木、五指橘、佛手柑。為芸香科常綠小喬木。主產於閩粵、川、江浙等省的佛手，其中浙江金華佛手最為著名，被稱為“果中之仙品，世上之奇 卉”，雅稱“金佛手”。 
肥胖佛手? 估計連佛界也不能免俗肥胖問題。 
拐棗 久違了，比蜜甜的拐棗，在南京植物園後山看 到它高入雲天的喬木，感覺很複雜:吃不着。一般高10米多；嫩枝、幼葉背面、葉柄和花序軸初有短柔毛，後脫落。葉片橢圓狀卵形、寬卵形或心狀卵形。果柄含 多量葡萄糖和蘋果酸鉀，經霜後甜，可生食或釀酒，主要分布陝西、江西、安徽、浙江、廣東、福建、湖北、湖南、廣西、四川、貴州、雲南等省。 
阿月渾子, 也稱開心果 在塔克拉瑪干大沙漠西緣的喀什綠洲，有一種果實非常美麗、營養價值很高的果樹，它有一個美麗的名字：阿月渾子。維吾爾人稱為皮斯特。古人稱之為胡榛子、無 名子、無名木等。按植物分類學，它屬於漆樹科植物。世界上漆樹的種類很多，但果實都很小，不能食用，一般用於生產漆。唯獨阿月渾子果實大，味美可食，屬堅 果。 
 
 
Nipa Nypa 椰 (Nypa palm) Sea coconut 海底椰 海椰子 這個跟前面說的產於印度洋西部塞舌爾群島中 普拉斯林和克瑞孜兩個小島上的海椰子同名，但不是一回事，它應該跟市場上的海底椰是一種植物果實。可惜都叫混了。廣告上把這小小的海底椰妄稱為＂因其稀有 產量低被譽為塞舌爾的“國寶”塞舌爾聖果＂，購買者可得看仔細，那個聖果可不比臀部小。 A rare characteristic of Sedili Kecil is that it has preserved intact a transition between intertidal and fresh water swamp forest. As the mangroves fall behind we find a new harvest for our dinner – the sea coconut, or fruit of the nipah palm. more... Specimen : Wild stands
Place of observation : Puerto Princesa Subterranian River National Park.Observed habitat : Estuary, at the edge of a slow flowing river.Local names : Nipa, Sasa. Trade names : Nypa palm, Mangrove palm.Botanical name : Nypa fruticans.
Family : Palmae.Height : 4-6 meters.Leaves : Pinnately arranged with long midribs; Similar to coconuts.Fruits : Wedge-shaped drupes clustred together in a fruit head (infructescence); Brown, woody and fibrous .Fruiting season : Matured fruits seen in April.Traits / Habits : Small tree; Surviving as an undershrub; Thriving in both brackish water and freshwater; Waterlogging tolerant.Recommendations : Agroforestry; Commercial planting; Estuary / River hedging; Mangrove reforestation; Riparian management.
Other uses : Gelatinous young fruits are edible and made into sweets; Young shoots are sometimes eaten as vegetable; The sweet sap are taken as refreshments or made into vinegar (Sukang Paombong, Sukang Sasa), wine / toddy (Tuba) or palm sugar; The leaves are used as roofing material for local houses (Nipa hut) and also used in weaving hats, mats, baskets and other woven handicrafts; Young leaves as tobacco wrap; Significant source of Bioethanol; Firewood.
Origin : Indigenous to India, Southeast Asia (including the Philippines), Australia to the Pacific islands.
Conservation status : Not threatened in the Philippines.
(Note : Nypa is a monotypic genus. Nypa fruticans is the only palm considered as a mangrove sp.)
Resource :
World Agroforestry Centre (Nypa fruticans) http://www.worldagroforestry.org/sea/Products/AFDbases/af/asp/SpeciesInfo.asp?SpID=18140 
Ambarella 沙梨 Ambarella (spondias dulcis) aka "Buah Kedondong" 
 
Foxtail Palm fruits (Wodyetia bifurcata)
 
Swamp Palm Fruits Malaysia 一種小的馬來西亞蛇皮果 Sold at Malaysia Lawas market
Ref: According to the stall keeper, this is the fruit of a palm tree that grows in the swamps. It is called mengassam, or kelumbi, or assam paya..Loc.: Lawas market, at the vegetable stall. Date: 25 November 2007 Photo: Ooi Chooi Seng Taxonomy: Division: Magnoliophyta, Class: Liliopsida, Order: Arecales, Bromhead, Family: Arecaceae, Schultz-Schultzenstein, Tribe Calameae, Genus: Calamus Auct. ex L.  "unripe fruit, Hawaii"
  
  
 
    
 
"甜" 角果 
Tamarindus indica
Common name : Tamarind, Asam Jawa (Malay), ma khaam- มะขาม (Thai)
Family : Fabaceae 酸角 
Another unknown, wild edible one (in Iowa) 
蘇門答臘(Sumatra)是印尼最西面的一個大島，也是全球第六大島嶼。探險者拍回的蘇門答臘野芒果 Few areas in Sumatra have the biological richness that the Bengkung river system had in the early 1980s. Few people had even been there, but those who managed to do so returned with stories of an unspoiled tropical forest paradise. Being clothed in lowland forest, the Bengkung harbored numerous species of wild varieties of domestic fruit - six types of durian野榴蓮, four species of citrus野橘子, at least eight varieties of mango野芒果, two varieties of rambutan紅毛丹 - the delicious fruit encased in a hairy skin that gives the fruit its local name. There were also species of edible and delicious fruit and nuts that have yet to be cultivated and may still have (if they indeed still exist) real commercial value.
Osage Orange
These strange alien green balls called Osage Orange that look like a decoration from Pier 1. They are roach repellents in local markets.
Hibiscus sabdariffa Common name : Roselle, 洛神花, krajeab-กระเจี๊ยบ (Thai) Family : Malavaceae 玫瑰茄又名洛神花、洛神葵、山茄等，是錦葵科木槿屬的一年生草本植物，廣布於熱帶和亞熱帶地區，原產於西非、印度，目前在我國的廣東、廣西、福建、雲南、台灣等地均有栽培。玫瑰茄植株高 1．5～2米，莖淡紫色，直立，主幹多分枝。葉互生。花在夏秋間開放，花期長，花萼杯狀，紫紅色，花冠黃色。每當開花季節，紅、綠、黃相間，十分美麗，有 “植物紅寶石”的美譽。開花季節，紅、綠、黃相間，十分美麗可愛。它是非洲人民，尤其是非洲阿拉伯民族和西非人民廣為栽種的經濟植物。植物的花萼種子、莖和葉子都可利用。花萼（鮮品或干品）具有降血壓、抗壞血病和利尿的藥效，並且對支氣管炎和咳嗽病有緩解作用。在非洲民間普遍當作飲料，阿拉伯人用花萼泡的茶稱為"蘇丹茶"，有的還當作食品的天然色素和調味料。歐洲人很早就從非洲進口花萼干品，用作果子凍、調味清涼飲料等。由它製作的玫瑰茄糖、清涼汽水、果汁等產品頗受歡迎。
 
Malatinta 彩山竹 (Diospyros maritima) Specimen : Semi-cultivated trees (possibly wild).Location : Dinggalan, Aurora.Observed habitat : Coastal environment / Coastal thickets.Local name : Malatinta.Trade name : Sea persimmon.Botanical name : Diospyros maritima.Family : Ebenaceae.Height : About 8 meters.Trunk : Bole erect, branching starts low; Bark rough or minutely cracked, dark grey.Leaves : Alternate; Ovate to elliptic with blunt apex, firm or leathery, glossy, dark green.Fruit : Berry, 1.5 to 2 cms in diameter, depressed globose, subtended by a .reenish persistent calyx, green to yellow to orange; Pulp translucent orange, juicy with bluish or reddish-grey liquid that stains the fingers; Seeds 1-8, wedge-shaped, brown.
Fruiting season : Matured fruits seen in October
Traits : Dioecious; Drought tolerant; Evergreen; Salt-resistant; Small to medium-sized tree; Tolerant of infertile soil; Water-logging tolerant; Wind hardy.
Recommendations : Coastal protection / stabilization; Living fence; Riparian management; Roadside tree; Timber belt; Urban greening; Windbreak.
Used for : Fruit pulp reportedly edible; Wood for furniture, interior siding, paneling, veneer, canes, musical instruments, golf club heads, tool handles, riffle butts, novelties and carving.Origin : Indigenous to Japan, China, Taiwan, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Australia and the Pacific islands.Conservation status : Not threatened in the Philippines. Observed possible threat : Coastal developments due to the burgeoning tourism industry.(Note : Local name could have been derived from the ink-like, bluish or reddish grey fluid that oozes out of the fruit when squeezed (?)).
Resources : Flora of China – Diospyros maritima http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200017594
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 la bonnotte potato土豆 法國La Bonnotte品種的土豆為什麼要每公斤售價500歐元？ 最後上一個土豆的照片，它不是水果，只是一個儲藏養分的休眠根莖或者說種芽。不過，上面這個la bonnotte吃的人不多，那價錢離譜的高，原因據說是因為它們是用手挖出來的土豆，給手的錢占了99.99%，細膩的質感似乎也占了一點開支。 
秘魯印地安高山土豆 The Quechua people, who live in the high mountains of Peru, are one of 11 communities chosen around the world to work with a project which aims to maintain a reservoir of essential species for all our major food crops. Having a broad variety of agricultural crops is essential for the future of agriculture, because different species of plants are often able to cope with widely differing environmental conditions and have a higher resistance to plagues. The ITPGRFA has two major aims: to prevent the loss of underused crops and ensure the full diversity of common crop species is maintained. 
Finger Poratos 這種手指土豆值得買來吃，不用去皮，直接蒸或者微波５分鐘就可以享受。 
紫土豆 Gloucester Black Kidney 
加州土豆蟲
This is a Potato Bug or Jerusalem Cricket, and it is one of our Top 10 identification requests, though for Southern California, it just may be #1. A “baby faced grasshopper”
In Spanish, the Potato Bug is Niño de le Tierra, or Child of the Earth, and in Navajo it is called a Skull Insect. The humanoid appearance cannot be denied.
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