| |
Texas v. White
按：几天前在施行化博处有网友提及美国反分裂案例Texas v. White (http://blog.creaders.net/shihuadeboke/user_blog_diary.php?did=194441)，抽空在wiki上瞅了一眼，觉得很有意思，特转译部分以供网友参阅。原文在此： http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_v._White
Texas v. White 案中 大法官 Chief Justice Salmon Chase 的陈辞：
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_v._White
The Union of the States never was a purely artificial and arbitrary relation. It began among the Colonies, and grew out of common origin, mutual sympathies, kindred principles, similar interests, and geographical relations. It was confirmed and strengthened by the necessities of war , and received definite form and character and sanction from the Articles of Confederation. By these, the Union was solemnly declared to 'be perpetual.' And when these Articles were found to be inadequate to the exigencies of the country, the Constitution was ordained ' to form a more perfect Union.' It is difficult to convey the idea of indissoluble unity more clearly than by these words. What can be indissoluble if a perpetual Union, made more perfect, is not?
各州的联盟从来就不是一个纯粹人为的和随意的关系。它开始在各殖民地中间，出自于共同的起源，相互的同情，类似的原则，相似的利益和地理的联系。这一联盟的性质通过独立战争得到确认和加强，并由《邦联条例》（全称《邦联和永久联合条例》）赋予明确的形式、性质和肯定。通过这些，联盟郑重宣布“是永恒的。“而当《邦联条例》被发现不能满足国家的迫切需要时，《宪法》被制订来”形成一个更完善的联邦。”很难用除了这些词汇（别的说法）来更清楚地传达不可分割的联合这个理念。如果一个永久的、致力于完善的联盟不是不可分割的话，那么还有什么是不可分割的呢？
When, therefore, Texas became one of the United States, she entered into an indissoluble relation. All the obligations of perpetual union, and all the guaranties of republican government in the Union, attached at once to the State. The act which consummated her admission into the Union was something more than a compact; it was the incorporation of a new member into the political body. And it was final. The union between Texas and the other States was as complete, as perpetual, and as indissoluble as the union between the original States. There was no place for reconsideration or revocation, except through revolution or through consent of the States.
因此，当得克萨斯成为联邦的一个成员时，她就进入了一个不可分割的关系。永久联盟的所有义务，联邦内共和政府的所有保证，立刻适用于得克萨斯州。圆满接受她进入联邦的行为远超过一个合约；这是把一个新成员纳入政治机构。而且这是终极的（行为）。德克萨斯和其他州之间的联合跟最初的(十三)州之间的联合一样，同样完整，同样永久，同样不可分割。没有复议或撤销的余地，或除非通过革命，或者获得联邦的同意。 |
