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 | 宣城的徽州古村落绩溪龙川——旅行撷趣录105 |
| 前面所说的歙县、黟县和休宁现在都属于安徽黄山市,而绩溪县位于属宣城市,为低山丘陵山区。南与歙县相连,西部为黄山支脉,东部为西天目山脉,区域总面积为1,126平方公里。绩溪建于唐永泰二年(766)。境内有许多山高于1000米,其中清凉峰最高点达1787.4米,而境内最低点只有125米高。绩溪是长江流域和钱塘江流域的分水岭。绩溪的一个特产是徽墨,即徽州墨,是中国制墨技艺中的一朵奇葩,也是闻名中外的“文房四宝”之一。 绩溪也是交通要道,高速公路和铁路都经过此地。 
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龙川位于四面环山的一个小盆地里,地形地貌以中低山、丘陵为主,四周环山,最高峰龙须山海拔1048米。 龙川景色: 
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龙川水街长约500米,水街之水源于石金山麓,南流经岭里至岭外,折向东流,在龙川村凤山下入村,穿村汇入登源河。河岸由青石和花岗岩石砌成。河岸陡直,沿河岸设有石踏步下河,以利居民浆洗取水。 
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水街旁还建有牌坊: 
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其中奕世尚书坊位于大坑口村,建于明嘉靖四十一年(1562)。主体结构由4根柱、4根定盘枋和7根额枋组成,高10米,宽9米。系用花岗石和茶园石搭配凿制而成。下方花板南北两面,分别镌书“奕世尚书”和“奕世宫保”,为书法大家文徵明手书。 
牌坊对面河边是胡宗宪少保府,是明代名臣胡宗宪的府邸。胡宗宪(1512—1565)是明朝著名的抗倭将领,曾担任浙江巡抚、东南总督,主持抗倭战争,平定东南沿海的倭寇之乱。
往东是胡氏宗祠,建于明代嘉靖25年(1547年),清光绪4年(1878年)重修。宗祠坐北朝南,前后3进,占地总面积1729平方米,以山带水,气势飞动。祠内装饰精美,尤以保存完好的各类木雕为最,享誉“木雕艺术殿堂”、“江南第一古祠”。
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胡宗宪尚书府,坐落在安徽绩溪龙川村中央。占地5000平方米的尚书府,象一个小社会,从善堂、官厅、梅林亭、胡氏家井、绣楼、和众多小巧的庭院相交辉映,组成一个一个迷宫豪宅。
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走到水街尽头是一条宽阔的名为“登源河”的大河,河上有两座桥,过桥后是徽杭古道。古道旁有一座小山,沿着弯曲的小道上山,可俯瞰村社景色,山道尽头是灵山庵,庵堂为三间二进。
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整个龙川乡村绿化非常好,彷佛是一座大花园。然而,遗憾的是,当年(2015年)农民在大量焚烧秸秆,浓烟滚滚。政府每天早曾宣传车高音喇叭宣传禁止焚烧,但是,等宣传车一走,就照烧不误。
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