早期社交媒體使用對在校期間標準化學習成果的縱向影響

Longitudinal effect of early social media use on standardized learning outcomes during school career

——《自然-人類行為》第10第10期，2026年10月——

<Nature / Human Behaviour>, Volume 10 Issue 10, October 2026

【摘要】本研究採用雙重差分模型，評估了過早使用社交媒體對7至16歲兒童學業表現的影響。研究構建了一個包含意大利北部5,227名學生的數據集，該數據集整合了關於其數字媒體使用習慣的問卷調查數據，以及他們在意大利語、英語和數學科目上的縱向標準化考試成績。研究將那些在6、7或8年級便註冊個人社交媒體賬號的學生，與在9年級或之後才開始使用社交媒體的學生（即“較晚使用者”）進行了匹配分析。研究結果提供了有力證據，表明過早接觸社交媒體會對學習成果產生負面影響。針對其他學業指標（因缺乏縱向數據而未納入主要分析）的補充研究結果，也與本研究的主要發現相一致。此外，研究還發現，這種負面影響在很大程度上源於學生在全天關鍵時段對智能手機的頻繁使用。

[Abstract] This study uses difference-in-differences models to evaluate the impact of early social media use on academic performance among children aged 7–16 years. A dataset comprising 5,227 students from northern Italy was constructed by merging data from a questionnaire on lifetime digital media habits with longitudinal standardized test scores in Italian, English and mathematics. Participants who created a personal social media account in 6th, 7th or 8th grade were separately matched with late adopters who initiated their first social media account in the 9th grade or later. The findings provide compelling evidence that early engagement with social media adversely affects learning outcomes. Additional findings on the effects of early social media use on other academic outcomes for which we do not have longitudinal data are in line with our main findings. We also find supporting evidence that a substantial part of this negative effect is mediated by students’ smartphone pervasiveness in key moments of the day.

論文原文：Marco Gui, Chiara Respi, Giovanni Abbiati, et al. (2026). Longitudinal effect of early social media use on standardized learning outcomes during school career. Nature Human Behaviour, Volume 10, Issue 10, Pages 1953–1965. October 2026.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-026-02522-4

（翻譯兼責任編輯：MARY）

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