全面性教育的有效途徑：來自三十年研究的證據 Promising Approaches to Comprehensive Sex Education: Evidence from Three Decades of Research ——《青少年健康雜誌》第78卷，第1期，2026年1月—— <Journal of Adolescent Health> Volume 78, Issue 1, Jan 2026 【摘要】儘管有強有力的證據表明，全面性教育（CSE）除了預防懷孕和疾病外，還能帶來一系列重要的益處，但目前針對如何實現這些益處的最有效途徑的研究卻十分有限。為了尋找與有效CSE相關的途徑和策略的證據，我們根據系統評價和薈萃分析的首選報告條目（PRISMA）指南進行了一項系統文獻綜述。我們檢索了ERIC、PsycINFO和MEDLINE數據庫，查找符合納入標準（n = 80）的、評估學校K-12教育中CSE成效的研究。隨後，我們篩選出那些描述了與除預防懷孕和疾病外，CSE的其他益處相關的途徑或策略的研究。在將檢索更新至2024年後，我們採用歸納迭代法，根據共同的途徑和策略對研究進行分組（n=79）。與有效CSE相關的教學法、課程設置、課堂教學和學校層面的途徑包括：基於批判理論的教學法；將性教育融入課程；從低年級開始；包含LGBTQ+群體的課程；媒體素養；以及性別融合的課堂。積極的成果也與性別與性聯盟、校內健康中心、全校參與模式、家長參與和教師培訓密切相關。三十餘年的研究為與全面性教育相關的各種方法和策略提供了支持，這些方法和策略能夠取得除預防懷孕和疾病之外的一系列有益成果。 【關鍵詞】性教育，國家性教育標準，全面性教育，系統文獻綜述，從幼稚園高班到12年級，性教育策略，性教育方法，有效性教育，教師培訓 [Abstract] Despite strong evidence that comprehensive sex education (CSE) has a range of important outcomes beyond pregnancy and disease prevention, limited research has explored the most promising approaches to achieving those outcomes. To identify evidence for approaches and strategies associated with effective CSE, we conducted a systematic literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched ERIC, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE for studies evaluating CSE outcomes of school-based K-12 educational efforts, meeting inclusion criteria (n = 80). We then identified those studies that described approaches or strategies associated with reported CSE outcomes beyond pregnancy and disease prevention. After updating the search to 2024, we used an inductive iterative process to group studies based on common approaches and strategies (n=79). Pedagogical, curricular, classroom, and school-wide approaches associated with effective CSE include: critical theory-based pedagogies; sex education across the curriculum; beginning in early grades; LGBTQ+ -inclusive curricula; media literacy; and gender-integrated classrooms. Positive outcomes were also associated with presence of Gender and Sexuality Alliances, School-based health centers, whole school approaches, parent involvement and teacher preparation. Over three decades of research provides support for approaches and strategies associated with CSE that achieves a range of beneficial outcomes beyond pregnancy and disease prevention. [Key words] Sexuality education, National Sex Education Standards, Comprehensive sex education, Systematic literature review, K-12, Sex education strategies, Sex education approaches, Effective sex education, Teacher preparation 論文原文：Eva S. Goldfarb, Lisa D. Lieberman, Kurt Conklin (2026). Promising Approaches to Comprehensive Sex Education: Evidence from Three Decades of Research. Journal of Adolescent Health, Volume 78, Issue 1, Pages19-34. January 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2025.06.034 （翻譯兼責任編輯：MARY） （需要英文原文的朋友，請聯繫微信：millerdeng95或iacmsp）
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