大學一年級學生的歧視經歷與睡眠困難：日常睡眠質量的中介作用

Discrimination and sleep difficulties among first-year students: Mediation by daily sleep quality

——《健康心理學》第45卷，第6期，2026年6月——

<Health Psychology> Volume 45, Issue 6, June 2026

【摘要】目的：學生進入大學階段，往往伴隨着睡眠困難的增加。日常歧視是導致睡眠困難的一個重要社會決定因素；本研究考察了大學入學前遭受日常歧視的經歷與大學一年級期間睡眠狀況之間的關聯，並探討了日常睡眠質量在其中的中介作用。方法：本研究採用縱向調查與每日日記相結合的方法，對628名背景各異的大學生（平均年齡=18.54歲）進行了考察，分析了在大學一年級秋季學期收集的“入學前遭受日常歧視”數據在多大程度上能預測春季學期的睡眠困難。睡眠困難的指標包括自我報告的入睡障礙及日間功能障礙。結果：入學前遭受日常歧視與春季學期較高水平的日間功能障礙相關（但與入睡障礙無顯著關聯）。此外，入學前遭受日常歧視還與14天期間較低的平均日常睡眠質量相關；而較低的日常睡眠質量進而導致了春季學期較高水平的日間功能障礙。儘管入學前遭受日常歧視與日常睡眠質量的較大波動性相關，但日常睡眠質量的波動性與春季學期的睡眠困難並無關聯。結論：入學前遭受日常歧視與大學一年級的睡眠困難有關，且這些睡眠問題可通過日常層面的睡眠過程得到解釋。關注日常睡眠質量可能是改善大一學生睡眠問題及其大學適應狀況的一個重要健康干預切入點。

【關鍵詞】大學適應，日常歧視，睡眠質量，入睡障礙，日間功能障礙

[Abstract] Objectives: The transition to college is associated with increased sleep difficulties. Everyday discrimination is an important social determinant of sleep difficulties, and this study examined associations between precollege exposures to everyday discrimination and sleep during the first year of college. The study also considers the mediating role of daily sleep quality. Method: Using a combination of longitudinal surveys and daily diaries, the extent to which precollege exposures to everyday discrimination collected in the fall semester predicted sleep difficulties in the spring semester of students’ first year in college was investigated in a sample of 628 diverse college students (mean age = 18.54 years). Sleep difficulties included self-reported sleep onset-related disturbance and daytime dysfunction. Results: Precollege exposures to everyday discrimination were associated with higher levels of daytime dysfunction (but not with sleep disturbance) in the spring semester. Precollege exposures to everyday discrimination were also associated with lower mean levels of daily sleep quality across 14 days; in turn, lower daily sleep quality contributed to higher levels of daytime dysfunction in the spring. Although precollege exposures to everyday discrimination were associated with higher variability in daily sleep quality, variability in daily sleep quality was not associated with sleep difficulties in the spring. Conclusions: Precollege exposures to everyday discrimination were associated with sleep difficulties in the first year of college, and these sleep concerns are explained by daily-level sleep processes. Targeting daily sleep quality may be an important health lever to improve first-year college students’ sleep problems and their transition to college.

[Key words] college transition, everyday discrimination, sleep quality, sleep disturbance, daytime dysfunction

論文原文：Yip, T., Zhao, Z., Wu, J., Yan, J., Zhang, M.-R., Lorenzo, K., Ruedas-Gracia, N., Cham, H., Chae, D. H., & El-Sheikh, M. (2026). Discrimination and sleep difficulties among first-year students: Mediation by daily sleep quality. Health Psychology, Volume 45, Issue 6, Pages 658–668. June 2026.

https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001575

（翻譯兼責任編輯：MARY）

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