一项关于采用体外射精法避孕的女性其性生活与避孕选择的定性研究

A qualitative study of sexuality and contraceptive choice among women using withdrawal

——《国际阳痿研究杂志》第38卷第6期，2026年6月——

<International Journal of Impotence Research>, Volume 38, Issue 6，June 2026

【摘要】本研究探讨了体外射精法对斯洛文尼亚女性性生活的影响，以及尽管现代避孕手段丰富，该方法仍被持续使用的现象。通过对45位采用体外射精法的斯洛文尼亚女性进行深度访谈，研究发现该方法对性满意度——尤其是性快感和性高潮——有着显著影响。许多受访者表示，因担心意外怀孕而导致性欲下降，同时对伴侣表现的顾虑也影响了性唤起。难以达到性高潮的情况较为普遍，部分女性甚至经历了高潮强度和频率的降低。选择体外射精往往受到男性意愿、其他避孕方式获取受限以及社会舆论的影响。部分女性因认为该方法“自然”而倾向于使用，这与崇尚自然的文化趋势相契合，但也可能强化了传统的性别角色与性观念。历史上，受社会规范及缺乏替代方案的影响，体外射精曾是一种被广泛接受的避孕方式。尽管存在风险，当代女性对“自然避孕”的偏好依然存在，这体现了文化观念如何塑造生育选择。研究结果强调，有必要提供全面的避孕咨询服务，充分考量影响女性决策的个人及社会因素。正视并应对这些影响因素，有助于女性做出知情选择，从而提升性生活质量并增强生育自主权。

[Abstract] This study examines the impact of withdrawal on women’s sexuality and its continued use in Slovenia despite modern contraceptive alternatives. Through in-depth interviews with 45 Slovenian women using withdrawal, findings reveal significant effects on sexual satisfaction, particularly pleasure and orgasm. Many participants reported decreased sexual desire due to pregnancy fears, while concerns about their partner’s performance affected arousal. Difficulties in achieving orgasm were common, with some experiencing reduced intensity and frequency. The decision to use withdrawal was often shaped by male preference, limited access to other contraceptive methods, and societal judgment. Some women preferred withdrawal for its perceived naturalness, aligning with a cultural shift toward naturalism, which may reinforce traditional gender roles and sexual norms. Historically, withdrawal was a widely accepted contraceptive method influenced by social norms and a lack of alternatives. The contemporary preference for natural contraception continues despite its risks, demonstrating how cultural beliefs shape reproductive choices. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive contraceptive counselling that acknowledges both personal and societal factors affecting women’s decisions. Addressing these influences can help ensure informed choices that enhance both sexual well-being and reproductive autonomy.

论文原文：Gabrijela Simetinger (2026). A qualitative study of sexuality and contraceptive choice among women using withdrawal. International Journal of Impotence Research, Volume 38, Issue 6, Pages 481–485. June 2026.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-025-01148-w

（翻译兼责任编辑：MARY）

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