查閱一位傳教士資料的感動(5)
前面我們介紹了赫顯理博士的三封信。兩封是關於他為他教學的星期日學校的窮人童工學生募集聖誕禮物和分發聖誕禮物的,另一封寫於1938年的信則是告訴他的美國同胞中國人在日本侵略下的悲慘境況和呼籲英國、美國早日採取實際行動,其中也寫了他在中國四十年中國的巨大變化和他四十年在中國的主要工作。對他那三封信,我們今天的中國讀者應該是少有異議。下面我想翻譯介紹第四封信。這封信,我們持不同政治觀點的讀者可能就看法不一樣了,因為這封1927年3月寫於上海的信與政治有關,而且言辭犀利,觀點明確。
實際上,傳教士是比較少激烈談論中國政治的。這一方面是因為他們認為中國急需的是人民素質的提高和伴隨素質提高的社會改良與進步,而不是革命。在他們看來,沒有人民素質提高的革命不會解決社會的弊端,反而會帶來新的問題。另一方面也有聖經里要順服掌權者的教導和他們在異國他鄉處境的原因。我手頭現就有一封1927年1月一位在上海滬江大學讀書的美國學生寫的信,他就說基督教的各派對上海當時的形勢持中立態度。就是對赫顯理而言,在我至今讀到的他的諸多信件中,這也是唯一談中國國內政治的。也許他當時坐在他的處於戰鬥危險區內的學校里,聽着炮聲,看着外面炮火中燃燒的房子、寫着他來中國後四十年的發展變化,他對那些來之不易的建設發展毀於中國人自己的戰火中而有難以抑制的失望。
不管我們今日是帶着什麼樣的觀點去讀他的信,我想以下幾點我們若能記在心中,會有助我們去理解赫顯理的心情。一是不要懷疑他對中國人,尤其是對中國窮人的愛。他幾十年在中國對中國貧困童工學生所做的,我想包括我們中國人在內,無人可以比擬。二是不要懷疑他是在誠實地說他自己心中的真實感受。他一輩子的傳教奉獻證明了他是一個虔誠愛主的基督徒,而一個好的基督徒,誠實是基本的要求。三是必要時站到他的角度去思考,看看答案是否不同。這點我就深有體會。他信中說布爾什維克所到之處就搶劫和殺人。我初看到時在想,這還是不至於吧,是不是有什麼事讓他誤解了?我們的教育只是說布爾什維克所到之處就打土豪分田地的。但當我想到赫顯理是一個從尊重法治和人權、尊重私有財產的社會成長的人時,那種打土豪分田地在他看來與搶劫和殺人有什麼區別呢?就是我們今天的中國人,若打中國的新“土豪”和分他們的家產,也是法律和大家觀念上不能接受的事了。
我盡我所能忠於原文地翻譯這封信,也把英文原文附在後面,萬一有翻譯不當的地方,大家可以參考。我想盡力避免評論赫顯理的觀點,但在翻譯時腦子裡仍總在想,他的這些文字似乎在預示着我們國家將來有反右、大躍進、文化大革命等錯誤的必然。下面就是這封信的翻譯。信是1927年3月22日 赫顯理寫給得克薩斯州Kerrville城衛理教會的一個人的,收信人把信交給了報社,報社於1927年4月28日刊登。
郵政信箱1234號,上海,中國,1927年3月22日
親愛的朋友:
我前幾封給你們的信講了我們的聖經學校,講了我們在聖經學校的工作以及我們的學生在兒童和村民中的工作。我希望你們感興趣,你們的心在指引你們給與幫助。我還沒有收到你們的回覆,因為信一個來回需要兩個多月。但請允許我再次提筆,告訴你們更多。我們在中國現在正處在很大的麻煩之中。戰鬥與動亂就在我們周圍。就在我寫信的此刻,我聽到加農炮聲,看到上海的許多房屋在燃燒。我們的聖經學校就在戰鬥危險區內,但至少目前還沒有遭到損壞。軍政府關閉了我們附近的一所600個學生的普通學校,因為那些將軍擔心學生去切斷電纜、破壞鐵路、或做其它的惡作劇。但我們的聖經學校沒有收到干擾。我們為此高興也感謝在天上的父,也感謝你們的禱告。
請多多地為中國禱告。人們現在有一種想法認為是民族主義精神廣泛覺醒。這基本上是一個誤解。我很希望(中國)有真正的民族主義精神覺醒,希望那些領導者追求國家與人民的真正利益。但我很遺憾事實不是這樣。這裡的人民是被恐懼追逐着——就像羊群被瘋狗或狼追逐——被布爾什維克資助的人追逐。為了避免有人因他們的獸行帶給他們自己人民的苦難而內疚,布爾什維克把一些遠處人們不知道的陌生人宣傳得完美無暇、恐嚇人民、鼓動罷工、向那些太窮不願罷工的人開槍、製造恐慌、使工人因擔心工作時被殺或工作時在家的妻子兒女被殺而不敢上班。一旦有足夠的保護,人們都高興地、成群結隊地去上班。這就是布爾什維克領導的所謂民族主義者。他們說他們是在為人民謀福利,但他們所到之處搶劫和殺害人們,破壞學校、醫院、教堂和中國廟宇。你們這些在有好傳統的美國的朋友不需要這樣的人,能基本上把布爾什維克拒之門外。但中國人民做不到,因為那些邪惡的人拳頭舉得高高。他們的邪惡似乎是沒有底線。他們喊着:“打倒帝國主義!給人民自由!”但他們自己是專橫的帝國主義者,破壞自由。他們充滿霸氣,使本來還有些自由的人們成為奴隸。他們所到之處不可能有自由。像兇猛的野獸,他們在蹂躪這個國家和人民,無論是窮是富,都在為活命而逃開。
但在這深深的憂鬱中也看到了亮光。神會將祂的榮耀高舉並正在這樣做。這裡的教會正在經歷火的烤煉。真正的基督徒仍將衷心,並且會更加真誠、衷心,因為浮渣已被洗去。“吃飯基督徒”和不是真正基督徒的將會離開,所以教會得到了煉歷。教會需要純潔,這是一個猛烈的潔淨。然後,四散的衷心的基督徒,就像使徒行傳時代一樣,無論逃到哪裡都會傳揚福音。布爾什維克企圖撲滅這火,但他們卻只是讓火星四散。這火會在許多想象不到的地方燃起。傳教士不得不離開傳道站,這卻把中國基督徒完全交託在了慈愛神的手中,他們會重新得到力量,奔跑而不疲倦,行走而不濡怯。現在是要把支持這些基督徒交在你們禱告之中的時候了,這是你們以前沒有過的。也多多為本地的傳道人、聖經婦女、還有我們聖經學校的年輕人禱告,讓他們在學校四周充滿的危險中站立堅定。上海剛被奪取,許多中國人被殺。我不能逃離。郵局關閉了。若這封信你們能收到,那說明一切平安。
你們的在主高興事奉的,
赫顯理
C. P. O. Box No. 1234,
Shanghai,
China, March 22, 1927.
C.P.O.Box No. 1234, Shanghai, China, March 22, 1927.
Dear Friend,
I have written several times about our Bible
School and of our work among its students and about our students’ work among
the chil-dren and with the people in the country villages, I hope you are inter-ested
and that your heart has prompted you to help. There has not been time for a
reply from you, as it takes a month each way for letters to go and come; but
let me write again and tell you more. We are having very serious troubles in
China. Fighting and unrest are all about us. I hear cannon booming and see many
houses burning in Shanghai now as I write. Tho’ our Bible School is in the
danger zone yet we have not been molested in the least. The militarists have
closed a secular school of 600 pupils near us, as the generals feared the
students were cutting the telegraph wires, R.R. tracks, and doing other
mischief; but our Bible School goes on without interference. We are very glad and
thankful to our Heavenly Father. We are grateful also that you have been
praying for us.
Pray much also for China. An idea is abroad that
a spirit of nationalism is among the people. This is largely a mistake. I do
wish there were a spirit of real nationalism abroad, the leaders seeking the
real good of their country and people; but I am sorry it is not so. The people
are driven about in fear—like a flock of sheep pursued by mad— dogs or
wolves—by men in the pay of Bolshevists. Lest these beasts of men be moved by
pity for their own people the Bolshevists enlist perfect strangers from a
distance to carry on propaganda, terrorize people, stir up strikes and shoot
those too poor to strike, initiating a reign of ter-ror, making the workers
afraid to work—lest they be killed for working or their wives and children be
killed while they work. As soon as ample protection is provided the people are
very glad to flock back to work. The so-called Nationalists, led by the
Bolshevists, say they are seeking the good of the people; but wherever they go
they rob and kill the people and smash up schools, hospitals, churches and
Chinese temples. You friends in good old America don’t want them and can
largely keep the Bolshevists out; but the Chinese are not able to do so, so
these fiends carry on with a high hand. There seems to be no limit to their
deviltries. They cry, “Down with imperialists! Give the people freedom!” but
they themselves are tyranic imperialists, and crush freedom. They are
domineering over-lords making a comparatively free people slaves. Freedom is
impossible where they come. Like fierce, wild animals they are over-running the
country, and the people, poor and rich alike, are fleeing for their lives.
But amid the deep gloom there appears a bright cloud still. God will
overrule it all to His glory—is doing so. The church is being tried as by fire.
The true Christians will remain true—will become more “loyal and true—and the
dross will be removed. The “rice Christians” and all who are not true will
desert and so the church will be refined. The church needs purging and it is
being purged “with a vengeance.” And then, too, the scattered loyal Christians,
as in the times of the Acts of the Apostles, are preaching the Gospel wherever
they flee. The Bolshevists try to beat out the fire; but they only scatter the
sparks. The flames spring up in numbers of unthinkable places. The
missionaries have had to leave their stations; but it casts their Chinese
Christians wholly into the loving arms of the dear Lord where they renew their
strength, running and not weary, walking and not faint. Now is the time to bear the Christ-ians up in
the arms of prayer as you have never done before. Pray much, too,
for the native preachers and Bible women, and also for the young men in our
Bible School. They are staying firm in the school tho’ dangers are all around.
— Shanghai just captured. Many Chinese killed. I can’t well flee. God guards.
P.O. is closed. If this arrives you’ll know all’s well.
Yours in Christ’s glad service,
(Rev.) H. G. C. Hallock.
作者:信望愛小屋,2014年11月16日,作者保留所有文章及圖片版權。
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