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与乔穆斯基就“普遍语法(UG)”的通信 2014-12-08 18:03:46
下面是今天(12/8/14),与乔穆斯基关于“普遍语法(UG)”的EMAIL通信。因为纯粹是学术讨论,所以没有再征求乔教授意见,所以如有所遗漏错误,责任在我。这里发表出来供有兴趣的同学参考。

谢谢!

作者


=============================


--Dear Prof,

I believe that you seek truth as a philosopher like Socrates. 

The following comment on Analytical philosophy and on your Universal Grammar was published in the most popular website in North America, Creaders.net, in Chinese (http://bbs.creaders.net/education/bbsviewer.php?trd_id=1012677&blog_id=199910). 

As the writer I feel it is not fair to you if you are not aware of it. So I provide you with the title of the comment and will translated the entire essay for you if you are interested. Thanks for your time reading it.

"From Chomsky’s "Universal Grammar" Trace How Philosophy of Language Analysis Leads Philosophy into a Dead End"


--This appears to be a translation of a very poor article that appeared in the NY Review a few years ago.  Several responses were published pointing out the serious errors and misunderstandings of the author.
 
--Can you show your evidence and how you reach this consensus?

--You can find the responses in the NY Review, online.   There are two letters, one by philosopher Sylvain Bromberger, the other by me, responding to Searle’s complete misunderstanding of Bromberger’s thorough refutation of his claims.
 
If you have a specific question, let me know.

--I came upon Searle's comment on your book by chance. Actually, I did not base my opinion on his - just I happened to see his comment on your project and believe that your major theory of UG launched in the 50's - now 60 years later - probably has not, since that time, been growing as fast as you expected. But if I am wrong, please tell me and I will apologize. The major reason for my claim is that I formed a philosophy called "Instance" - the electronic version of the book I sent to you. With which, I can see problems with Roddy's, Wittgenstein's and Kant's problems too (I feel that you were influence by them in forming your theory somehow.). I assume you don't know enough Chinese to read my book and wish you have other faculties or grads who can translate my book for you. But the bigger problem from the past two years since I wrote it is that I haven't see any philosopher who can understand what I am talking about - although I have tried very hard to explain. As I believe in seeking truth as you do, that's why I gathered enough strength to write to you.

If I cause any discomfort on your feelings, pls forgive me and I won't bother you any more.

--No discomfort at all.  Glad to clarify the issue if I can.  Afraid I can’t read Chinese.   Sorry to hear about the difficulties you are facing – not unusual, unfortunately.
 
Searle never understood the theories of the ‘50s, and was completely confused about developments since.  It’s quite remarkable that a journal like the NY Review, which purports to be a serious intellectual journal, would select a reviewer who understands nothing about the topic.

--OK, Searle aside, do you believe in the past more than half century later, your UG project is what you expected today? Or you are still as confident as you were 60 years ago on it? If you are (honestly of course),  I am wrong. Else I claim that I know why. 


--The project has advanced far beyond what I could possibly have anticipated 50 years ago.  And is by now far more firmly established.

--Thank you for your earnest reply. I will find out where I am wrong. According to my theory, if UG is functioning well,  then, there should be "common programming grammar" for all computer software and AI; "common formula for generating math logic, math itself, even for generating dreams, morality, even beauty, love, etc. because they are all in the same category - the products of brain - the reason is if one, UG, succeeds, so do others too. Agree?

Pls don't reply any more for I take too much of your time. I am very honored to talk to you.  

Have a good night!

BR,


--UG is part of biology, on a par with the theory of the genetic endowment UMV that provides us with a mammalian rather than insect visual system.  It’s not relevant to UMV that television works differently, let alone dreams, morality, etc.
 
--Thanks prof. I will study more of your work.Good night,

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作者:hare 留言时间:2014-12-08 23:44:29
对话我先开始,一来一往。BR- Best Regards
回复 | 0
作者:hare 留言时间:2014-12-08 23:35:56
拉大旗作狐皮的目的,是警告乱骂一通的娃娃脑袋!不过这次你不在其列。事实上,你这篇需要我想想再答复。
回复 | 0
作者:嘎拉哈 留言时间:2014-12-08 23:13:53
我说师傅:

哲淆这玩意可不是拉大旗的活儿。你以为把侨老爷拉出来就会在万维吓倒一大片?鬼扯!俺读完了,仍然不知所云。不明白哪一段是侨老头的话, 哪一段是您的。另外,Who the hell is "BR"?

还有,您如果想要批判分析哲学,您是找错了对象。您应当批判维根斯坦,而不是乔布斯。俺反对乔布斯的政治观点,但是对于他的语言学,俺是个外行,不愿意在这方面胡说八道。俺觉得他的“UG”的着眼点属于科学范畴。当然,俺不反对有人(包括他自己)做某些哲学引申。

维根斯坦认为哲学就是“语言游戏”,这才是问题所在。俺以为,语言的目的是一个个体生命像其他个体生命解释自己对客观世界的主观认知或者客观发现。很多人认为语言的目的是为了交流。然而,交流的内容又是什么?没有内容的交流会不会存在?用一句话来总结,那就是,物理世界是一切意识产生和存在(包括语言)的基础。语言的特点跟思维的特点相同,都具有归纳(inductive)的特征。人类的语言同客观存在的关系,就像数学和物理的关系。正如没有物理世界的存在,数学就不可能出现一样,没有物质世界的背景,语言是不可能存在的,即便是存在,也是没有任何意义的。

俺的感觉是,乔布斯所提出的普遍语法,可能对人工智能研究有重大意义。但是对于人类语言来说,类似于图灵的停机问题,很可能也是无解的。原因是,人类语言这个东西太主观,太局域。它基本上就是一种“约定成俗”。另外,人类喜欢类比,隐喻,指桑骂槐, 正话反说。还有万维的搅酱缸,摆乌龙等等。。。这些东西本身就说明, 统一的“客观语法”根本就没有意义。政协发言人一句”你懂的“,就是对乔布斯的最好回答。
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