接觸自然環境可減輕自我報告的疼痛：一項系統綜述和薈萃分析

Nature exposure reduces self-reported pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

——《自然/心理健康》第4卷第1期，2026年1月——

<Nature/Mental Health> Volume 4, Issue 1, January 2026

【摘要】疼痛是一個全球性的健康問題，對個人、社會和經濟都造成了重大影響。鑑於藥物治療存在風險，補充性疼痛管理方法至關重要。接觸自然環境已成為一種有前景的非藥物治療策略，但其有效性的證據尚不確定。本系統評價和薈萃分析納入了來自21個國家的62項研究（96個效應量），共4439名參與者，旨在評估接觸自然環境對自我報告疼痛的影響。結果表明，接觸自然環境與疼痛顯著減輕（標準化均值差為0.53）相關，但研究存在中度至高度的偏倚風險和顯著的異質性。與使用非匹配對照組的研究相比，使用匹配對照組的研究報告的效應量大約只有前者的一半，而多感官刺激往往會產生更強的效果。這些發現支持將接觸自然環境作為一種有前景的補充性疼痛管理策略。然而，較高的異質性和偏倚風險需要我們謹慎對待，並強調需要開展更嚴謹的研究。

[Abstract] Pain is a global health issue with substantial individual, societal and economic impacts. Given the risks of pharmacological treatments, complementary approaches to pain management are essential. Nature exposure has emerged as a promising nonpharmacological strategy, but evidence of its effectiveness is inconclusive. Here in this systematic review and meta-analysis we examined 62 studies (96 effects) across 21 countries, including 4,439 participants, to assess the impact of nature exposure on self-reported pain. The results indicate a significant small-to-moderate reduction in pain associated with nature exposure (standardized mean difference of 0.53), but studies exhibited moderate-to-high risk of bias and substantial heterogeneity. Studies evaluating nature against matched comparators reported effects roughly half the size of those using nonmatched controls and multisensory stimuli tended to show stronger effects. These findings support nature as a promising complementary pain management strategy. However, high heterogeneity and risk of bias warrant caution and highlight the need for more rigorous research.

論文原文：Maximilian Oscar Steininger, Jonas Paul Nitschke, Mathew Philip White & Claus Lamm (2026). Nature exposure reduces self-reported pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nature/Mental Health, Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages165–180. January 2026.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-025-00569-2

（翻譯兼責任編輯：MART）

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