英语同汉语一样有肯定句和否定句之分,但由于修辞和短语或习语表达法的需要,有的形式是否定而意义则是肯定的;有的形式虽是肯定,但具有否定意义。英语中非否定意义的否定句很多,下面简单地介绍几种: 1. 在含有cannot 的一些句子里: a). cannot help (V-ing)... 情不自禁地...... When we listen to the crosstalk, we cannot help laughing. 听相声,我们情不自禁地笑了起来。 b). cannot thank...enough 感激不尽 I can't thank you enough. 对你我真是感激不尽。 c). cannot...too... 总不嫌过分;越...越好 You can't praise her too highly. 你怎么赞扬她都不嫌过分。 d). can't but + 动词不定式... 只好,不得不 I can't but agree with you. 我只好同意你的意见了。 2. nothing (no, nobody...) ... but ... 只(不过),不外乎: Nobody but Comrade Liu Lin can do it. 只有刘林同志能做此事。 3. 否定疑问句表示赞叹或鄙夷(等于一个感叹句): Smell these fresh flowers! Aren't they sweet? 闻闻这些鲜花!多香呀! 4. no sooner... than... (仅用于过去时)一 ... 就 ... No sooner did we get there than it began to rain. 我们一到达那儿,就开始下雨了。 5. to be only (but) too... to... 非常乐于做某事: He was only too glad to visit our machine tool plant. 他非常乐意地参观了我们的机床厂。 6. 表达双重否定的句子: a). to be never too + adj. + 动词不定式 We are never too old to learn. 我们活到老学到老。 b). 否定结构 + 含有否定意义的前(后)缀词 You shouldn't be careless of consequences. 你不该不顾及后果。或:你应该考虑后果。 c). without (= but for 一般用于虚拟语气)could not do... 要不是... 就不... Without (but for )air and water, we could not live. 没有空气和水,我们就不能生存。 d). 否定词 + 具有否定意义的动词(否定意义的动词的否定结构也归入此类) Fortunately, we didn't miss the bus. 幸亏我们没有误车。 7. not (+ 瞬间动词,如 come, stop, begin, leave, go, melt, part..)...until (till)... 直到...... 才...... She didn't go to bed until (till) after nidnight. 她直到半夜后才睡觉。 The couple didn't part until they reached the station. 夫妇俩一直到车站才分手。 |