人们在讨论教会纪律时,很关注到底哪些罪该被或会被纪律。毕竟周六晚上让配偶小小的不开心,第二天早上应该不会被全教会纪律吧。关于教会纪律的范围,就像关于教会的体制一样,新约圣经似乎没有明确的教导。但圣经明确指出的是,那些教导异端,亵渎,结党,乱伦,偷懒,悖逆的人该被纪律(约二10-11; 提前1:20; 罗16:17; 林前5:1; 帖后3:6-10; 14-15)。13莫勒指出为了保持教会的健康和正直,破坏下列三方面特征的罪应该被纪律:教义的忠实,生活的圣洁和团契的合一(fidelity of doctrine, purity of life, unity of fellowship)。14第一类罪是传讲错谬的教训,引人离开真道。保罗对假教师的深恶痛觉就可以理解这类罪的危害性。第二类罪是生活上道德的罪(淫乱,污秽,偷窃,懒散,等)。第三类是破坏教会合一的罪(结党,纷争,毁谤,攻击,传舌,等等)。这些罪因严重破坏神的子民在真理,圣洁和和合一上的见证,教会需要根据一定的程序给以纪律。
1.Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom: With a History and Critical Notes (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker, 1983), 419-420. 赵中辉等译,《历代基督教信条精选》(基督教改革宗翻译社,2002),第86页:“真教会的标志是:如果纯正的福音教义在其中被宣讲;如果她继续照着基督的吩咐去施行圣礼;如果为了惩罚罪恶而执行教会惩戒。简言之,如果所有的事情都照着神纯正的话语去管理,排距所有违背神的话语的事情,并且承认耶稣基督为教会唯一的元首。凭此可以确知真教会的实质,没有人有权利将自己与这个教会分隔。”
2.Greg Wills, “The Church: Baptists and Their Churches in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries,” in Mark Dever (ed.), Polity: Biblical Arguments on How to Conduct Church Life, Nine Mark Ministries (Chelsea, Michigan: Sheridan Books, 2001), 26-28. 威尔斯(Wills)指出,“在1781年至1860年间,浸信会单单在佐治亚州就有四万名会友被除名。”
3.R. Albert Mohler, Jr., “Church Discipline: The Missing Mark,” in John H. Armstrong (ed.), The Compromised Church (Wheaton, Illinois: Crossway, 1998), 171-187; 另参 Mark Dever (ed.), Polity: Biblical Arguments on How to Conduct Church Life, 43-56.
4. Michael Horton, Christless Christianity: An Alternative Gospel of American Church (Grand Rapids, Michigan: BakerBooks, 2008), 40.
6. J. Carl Laney, A Guide to Church Discipline (Minneapolis, Minnesota: Bethany House Publishers, 1985), 14.
7.狄马可和亚保罗,深思熟虑的教会(译自Mark Deven and Paul Alexander, The Deliberate Church),蒋春晖译,美国麦种传道会,2011年,第97-98页;狄马可,健康教会九标志(译自 Mark Dever, Nine Marks of a Healthy Church),美国麦种传道会,2009年,唐玲莉译,第225-226页.
8.John White and Ken Blue, Church Discipline That Heals (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 1985), 27-34.
9.Laney, A Guide to Church Discipline, 127-129.
10.White and Blue, Church Discipline That Heals, 23-24.
18.W. Harold Mare, 1 Corinthians, Expositor’s Bible Commentary, Vol. 8, 217.
19.Jay Adams 基于哥林多后书第二章指出被纪律者恢复团契过程的三个因素:被赦免,蒙协助,得爱里的接纳。参 Jay E. Adams, Handbook of Church Discipline: A Right and Privilege of Every Church Member (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, 1986), 91-97.