危害人類罪 危害人類罪(Crimes Against Humanity),舊譯為“違反人道罪”或“反人類罪”。於2002年7月1日生效的《國際刑事法院羅馬規約》(Rome Statute of International Criminal Court)的解釋性備忘錄中,將此罪行定義為“那些一系列以侵犯人類尊嚴,或是嚴重羞辱或蔑視某個人或某些人構成的特別惡劣的罪行。這些罪行一般不是孤立或偶發的事件,它們或是出於政府的政策(犯罪者不一定需要認同這一政策),或是實施了被政府或准政府容忍或默許的一系列暴行:謀殺;種族滅絕;酷刑;強姦;政治的,種族的或宗教的迫害,以及其他廣泛的或有系統的非人道的行為”。 "...are particularly odious offenses in that they constitute a serious attack on human dignity or grave humiliation or a degradation of one or more human beings. They are not isolated or sporadic events, but are part either of a government policy (although the perpetrators need not identify themselves with this policy) or of a wide practice of atrocities tolerated or condoned by a government or a de facto authority. Murder; extermination; torture; rape; political, racial, or religious persecution and other inhumane acts reach the threshold of crimes against humanity only if they are part of a widespread or systematic practice." A quoted by Guy Horton in Dying Alive - A Legal Assessment of Human Rights Violations in Burma: http://www.ibiblio.org/obl/docs3/Horton-2005.pdf 危害人類罪的初次應用,是在第二次世界大戰後對戰犯的審判。
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