《成唯識論》中，唐三藏說：具證二空（2），初獲聖性（3），發菩提心，能益自他，生大喜，故名極喜地（1）。

In "Treatise of Establishing Sense-Only", Tang Tripitaka said: “Having proved the two emptiness-es (2), initially attained the holy nature (3), aroused bodhicitta, can benefit oneself and others, so give rise to great joy, hence the Bliss Heartland (1).

注15.1-1，什麼是地？大乘教以此類十地總攝有為無為（參見10.6.4節《離系果》）功德以為自性，與所修行為勝依持，令得生長，故名為地。

Annotation 15.1-1, What are the ten lands? Mahayana teachings use these ten lands to generally assimilate have-as law and none-as law (see section 10.6.4 Off-is Fruit) fortune virtues as self nature, to be victorious dependence and base for study and cultivation, to have them to be born and grow, hence name lands.

注15.1-2，二空是什麼意思？人無我即人空，法無我則法空，合稱我法二空。我謂主宰，梵語薩迦耶見，又作轉移身見（參見10.4.4.1.4節）。法謂軌持（參見10.1節）。

Annotation 15.1-2, what the two emptiness? The two emptiness is human emptiness and law emptiness. Human being has no I, then human being is empty; law has no I, then law is empty. I mean ego, executive, lord, also known as Seth view, translocation body view (see section 10.4.4.1.4). Law means track, rail (see section 10.1).

注15.1-3，什麼是聖性？即聖人的性質，即佛性，即上帝的性質，即14.1節講的正等明，畢竟空，是眾生平等的原因。另外，初地菩薩屬於神眾天，是大神天（如圖15.1-8）的民眾，稱作共產者（Commoner）。共產者一詞源自雷音創立的羊乘教（參見14.3節），所有上帝的資產是共同財產（Commonwealth），為眾生共同所有。上帝的法被稱作共同法，也是眾生共有的財產。

Annotation 15.1-3, what is the holy nature? That is, the nature of a sage, God, Buddha, is reason of all sentients’ equality, is nirvana talked in section 14.1, also known as Correct Equality Light, Empty After All. Additionally, bodhisattvas at the first land belong to the Godly Crowd Sky, specifically the populace of the Great God Sky (as depicted in Figure 15.1-8), referred to as Commoners. The term “Commoners” originates from the Goat Vehicle Religion established by Thor (see Section 14.3), wherein all assets of God constitute a commonwealth, collectively owned by all sentient beings. The God’s law is termed Common Law, likewise a shared possession of all sentients.

15.1.1 施渡 Donation Ark

初地菩薩修習施渡。渡，梵語波羅蜜多，歐洲人稱作方舟，有六渡和十渡之說。六渡為施渡、戒渡、忍渡、精進渡（或勤渡）、禪渡、慧渡（即般若）。十渡是將慧渡展開為五：慧渡、方便渡、願渡、力渡、智渡。這十渡是有順序的，前者能引發後者。

The first land bodhisattva studies and practices Donation Ark. Ark, Paramita in Sanskrit, is called Ark by Europeans, Chinese calls it Ferry. There are six Arks or ten Arks in total. The six Arks are Donation Ark, Precept Ark, Countenance Ark, Diligently Advance Ark, Meditation Ark, and Gnosis Ark. The ten Arks are unfolding Gnosis Ark into five:  Gnosis Ark, Convenience Ark, Will Ark, Strength Ark, Intelligence Ark. These ten Arks are in sequence, and the former can lead to, trigger to the latter.

修習十渡從布施開始，因為無意識（神識）只與舍受相應。舍受是平等性，即聖性。施有三種：財施、無畏施、法施。無畏施是以愛語鼓勵他人，勇敢地面對困難和窘境。法施是對他人宣說生命之樹、四聖諦等生活的道理，人生的藝術。

The practice of Donation Ark begins with donation because the unconscious (God-sense) only corresponds to Renunciative Acceptance. Renunciative Acceptance is nature of equality, that is, holy nature. There are three types of donations: asset donation, fearlessness donation, and law donation. Fearlessness donation means encouraging others with loving words to face difficulties and adversities bravely. Law donation is to preach Tree of Life and the Four Victorious Cruxes, etc. principles and arts of life.

15.1.2 斷異生性障 Severance of Mutant Nature Hindrance

初地菩薩斬斷了異生性障。異生性是凡夫性的異名，依其種子煩惱和所知而建立。又煩惱和所知妨礙異生出離其本性，所以亦被稱作煩惱障和所知障。

First land Bodhisattva breaks off the hindrances of mutant nature. Mutant nature is a synonym for mortal nature, is established by its seeds of annoyances and knows. Annoyances and knows hinder mortals from departing from their own natures, so the two are also called the annoyance hindrance and know hindrance.

煩惱障即是思煩惱，亦作思惑，如貪、嗔、痴、慢、疑、身見、邊見、邪見、見取、戒取等。所知障即是見煩惱，亦作見惑，如身見、邊見、邪見、見取、戒取、貪、嗔、痴、慢、疑等。煩惱障和所知障相互依存，成對兒存在，煩惱由所知而被認知，所知由煩惱而有感，所以此二者具有相同的名和數。煩惱障即是愚痴，能障清淨，障涅槃。所知障似智非智，能障智，障覺悟，所以也被稱作智障。

Annoyance hindrances are mean annoyances, also known as mean muddles, such as greed, irritation, ignorance, arrogance, suspicion, Seth view, edge view, heresy, view fetch, precept fetch, and so on. Know hindrances are view annoyances, also known as view muddles, such as Seth view, edge view, heresy, view fetch, precept fetch, greed, irritation, ignorance, arrogance, suspicion, etc. Annoyance and know hindrances are interdependent and pairs; Annoyance is recognized by know and know is felt by annoyance, so the two have the same numbers and names. Annoyance hindrances are foolishness, ignorance, which can hinder quietness and nirvana. The know hindrance is like intelligence but not intelligence, and can obstruct intelligence and enlightenment, so it is also called the intelligence hindrance.

初地菩薩體證了人空和法空，見道破除了無明黑暗。無明黑暗即根本煩惱中的痴（參見10.4.4.1.4節），即愚蠢無知，即當知未知。菩薩懂得身見、邊見、和邪見後，這些所知障就被消滅了。所知障和煩惱障相互依存，當102位根本見惑（參見集諦的13.3.2節）被消滅後，煩惱障亦被消滅或削弱。由此說一地菩薩斷異生性障，獲得了真人或聖人的性質。

First land Bodhisattva proved human empty and law empty in person. Seeing path breaks the darkness of ignorance. The darkness of ignorance is the ignorance (aka. non-light) in fundamental annoyances (see section 10.4.4.1.4), means fool, unknowing which should be known. When a bodhisattva understands Seth views, edge views, and heresies, these Know Hindrances are eliminated. Know Hindrances and Annoyance Hindrances are interdependent, and when the 102 positions fundamental View Muddles (i.e., Know Hindrances; see section 13.3.2) are annihilated, the Annoyance Hindrances are also annihilated or weakened. Thus, it is said that the first land Bodhisattvas break off hindrances of mutant nature and gain the real human nature or holy nature.

道諦十地中的十重煩惱障就是人的十種愚痴。雖然菩薩見道，亦斷諸惡趣業果等，而今且說能起煩惱的是根本煩惱，故此說初地菩薩斷了如下二愚及彼粗重。（一）執着我法愚，即此中異生性障。（二）惡趣雜染愚，即如地獄趣、畜生趣、惡鬼趣等惡趣業果。

The ten folds of Annoyance Hindrances in the Path Crux are the ten types of human’s ignorance, fools, idiocies. Although after Bodhisattvas see path, they also severed those ferocious interests, now we say that what cause annoyances are the fundamental annoyances, therefore we say, the first land Bodhisattva has cut off the following two kinds of fools and their Rough and Heavy. (1) Fool of I obsession, that is the said Mutant Nature Hindrances.  (2) Fool of ferocious interests miscellaneously dyed, such as hell interest, livestock interest, and hungry ghost interest, etc. ferocious interests, and karmic fruits.

讀者當知，所有的痴或無明總說為愚。見道後，愚痴被斬了頭，但其根或種子猶在。無堪任性，非現行種，卻仍然引起身心沉重，故名其為粗重。例如，入二禪（參見11.2節）斷了苦根，所斷苦根不現行，非現種而名粗重。

Readers should know that all idiocies, ignorance, non-light are generally called fool. After seeing path, idiot fool’s head is cut off, but its roots or seeds are still there. Those are not qualified to perform their duties, seeds that are not presently in performances, but those still cause the heart and body rough heavy, therefore names of Rough and Heavy. For example, entering the second meditation (see section 11.2), bitter roots are cutting off; the broken bitter roots are not presently in performance, not present seeds, hence Rough Heavy.

15.1.3 遍行真如 Omnipresent True Suchness

初地菩薩證得遍行真如。玄奘說，“遍行真如為我法二空所顯，無有一法而不在”。

First land Bodhisattva testifies and gains Omnipresent True Suchness. Tang Tripitaka says, “Omnipresent True Suchness manifests when I and Law are empty. No one law does not exist”.

什麼是遍行真如？佛是覺義，佛學研究現時的感知。讀者可從肉體和外部世界都是心的投射來理解，所以心是一切的依託，法與非法與心同在，過去現在與未來亦復如是。既然這樣，玄奘法師為什麼還要說“我法二空所顯”？因為世間人看到的世界是經過前意識渲染了質和量的世界，並非真如。

What is the Omnipresent True Suchness? Buddha means perception, and Buddhism studies the contemporary mind (heart). Readers can understand from the fact that the body and the external world are both projections of the heart, so the heart is the support of everything. Laws and illegalities coexist with the heart, and so are the past, present and future. Thus, why does Tang Tripitaka still say, "Omnipresent True Suchness manifests when I and Law are empty?” Because the world that mundane people see is a world in which quality and quantity are rendered by the preconscious, and it is not the true suchness.

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