梵語涅槃義為圓滿的寂靜，是苦或煩惱被消滅後的身心清淨狀態，故亦名無所有。玄奘法師和弟子窺基在《成唯識論》中從四個方面談涅槃：無餘依涅槃，有餘依涅槃，自性涅槃，和無住涅槃。

Nirvana in Sanskrit means perfectly fulfilled quietness, which is the quiet state of body and heart after bitterness or troubles have been eliminated, so it is called Empty After All. Tang Tripitaka (aka. Tang Buddha) and his disciple Kuiji discussed Nirvana from four aspects in Establishing Sense-Only Treatise: Nirvana without Residual Dependence, Nirvana with Residual Dependence, Self-Nature Nirvana, and Non-Dwell Nirvana.

（一）無餘依涅槃，玄奘說： “真如出生死苦，煩惱既盡，余依亦滅，眾苦永寂，故名涅槃。” 真如即七真如，參見10.6.4節《離系果》。余依，即依之而滅苦的依靠，是依善滅惡的善。余依亦滅，是說善惡兩滅。

(1) Nirvana without Residual Dependent, Tang Tripitaka said, “by True Suchness, migrator has ousted bitter of birth and death, the annoyances are exhausted, and the residual dependence is extinguished also, crowds of bitter are forever silent, therefore, the nirvana is named.” True Suchness is the seven true suchness in the section 10.6.4 Off-is Fruit. The residual dependence, i.e., the reliance by which bitter is extinguished, is the benevolence by which ferocity is extinguished. That the residual dependence is also extinguished, means that both benevolence and ferocity are extinguished.

（二） 有餘依涅槃，玄奘說： “真如出煩惱障，雖有微苦，所依未滅，而障永寂，故名涅槃。” 障是指異生性的所知障和煩惱障（參見10.4.4.2-4節的異生性）。此說擇滅無為法，即有選擇地消滅了某些根本煩惱，如下文中四種離系果中的前三果（如圖33，參見14.2.6節），和道諦菩薩十地中的前七地都是選擇性地消滅了主要的煩惱障，所處的境界都是不同程度的有餘依涅槃。

(2) Nirvana with Residual Dependence, Tang Tripitaka said, “with True Suchness, migrator has ousted annoyance hindrances, although there is slight bitter, the residual dependence is not terminated, but the hindrances are silent permanently, so it is called Nirvana." Hindrances mean the Know Hindrance and Mean Hindrance of Mutant Nature (see section 10.4.4.2-4 Mutant Nature). This is saying Selectively Termination None-as Laws, such as the first three of the four Shamanic Fruits (see figs. 33, see section 14.2.6), and the first seven of the ten lands in Path Crux, all are the states of choosing fundamental annoyances to eliminate, they achieve varying degrees of nirvana.

插圖1至13，除了2，都是有餘依涅槃。當修習者懂得了四勝諦，就獲得了最低質量的 “有餘依涅槃”，成為了竹馬天（如圖13所示），即獨角馬，梵語作補特伽羅，義為習氣疙瘩。

Illustrations 1 to 13, except 2, are all “Nirvana with Residual Dependence”. When the practitioner understands the Four Victorious Cruxes, he or she will attain the lowest quality of “Nirvana with Residual Dependence” and become a “Hobbyhorse Sky” (as shown in Figure 13), that is a unicorn, which is called Pudgala in Sanskrit, meaning a lump of habit.

（三）自性涅槃，玄奘說， “本來自性清淨涅槃，謂一切法相真如理，雖有客染而本性淨，具無數量微妙功德，無生無滅湛若虛空，一切有情平等共有，與一切法不一不異，離一切相、一切分別，尋思路絕，名言道斷，唯真聖者自內所證，其性本寂故名涅槃。”

(3) Self-Nature Nirvana, Tang Tripitaka said, “The original quiet self-nature is Nirvana, which is all true suchness of juristic phenomena. Although it is contaminated by guest dusts, its original nature is immaculate, with countless delicate wonderful fortunes and virtues, no birth, no death, and as clear as space, commonwealth-ed equally by all sentient beings, not one and no differences from all laws, free from all phenomena and discriminations. If you search or mean on it, the path ends, if you call its name or utter words, the path is broken. Only the true sage can prove it from within; its nature is inherently silent, hence Nirvana.”

自性涅槃即是插圖14.1.1-2所示的無所有天；那是什麼？是常遍處。常是無意識（古作神識）的常，例如青黃赤白之一。此常只是現量，無名，無色，無量，不可說。常見的無餘依涅槃別名有微妙本心，畢竟空，正等明，常寂光天，無所有天，涅槃，圓成實相。對於文字思維型人（即語音思維型人），此常寂光天常被稱作“啊”，例如安拉，和“歐姆”，例如歐麥克（Olmec，如圖38所示的頭像）。廣義的自性涅槃是插圖1至6，亦作遍淨天。

Self-Nature Nirvana is the “No Objectively Have Sky” shown in illustration 14.1.1-2; what is that? It is pervasively constant. It is constant of the unconscious (anciently God-sense), such as turquoise, yellow, red, or white. This constant is only the “present quantity” (see section 10.4.5), is nameless, colorless, and immeasurable; so, it cannot be described or spoken. Common other names for the “Nirvana without Residual Dependent” include “wonderful delicate original heart”, “empty after all”, “correct equality light”, “constant silent light sky”, “not objectively have sky”, nirvana, “perfectly established factual phenomenon”. For word thinkers (i.e. phonetically thinking people), this “constant silent light sky” is often referred to as “ah”, e.g. Allah, and “om”, e.g. Olmec (the Buddha or God shown in Figure 32). The broad sense of the “Self-Nature Nirvana” is illustrations 1 to 6, also called the “pervasively immaculate sky”.

（四）無住涅槃，玄奘說， “真如出所知障，大悲般若常所輔翼，由斯不住生死涅槃，利樂有情窮未來際，用而常寂故名涅槃。” 此涅槃是說此人由於常用集起智（參見13.1節），所以在他或她的前意識中形成了一個集起的空集∅，就是無住涅槃。

(4) Non-Dwell Nirvana, Tang Tripitaka said: “by true suchness, migrator has ousted Know Hindrance, assisted by Great Sorrowfulness and Arrival Ark constantly, therefore he or she does not dwell in nirvana, benefits and pleases sentient beings to the exhaustion of future, usage but constantly silent, hence name of nirvana”. This nirvana means that because the person often uses Aggregate Arousal intelligence (see section 13.1), therefore there is empty sets (∅) of Aggregate Arousal is formed in his or her preconsciousness, which is the Non-Dwell Nirvana.

什麼是大悲？大悲是說釋迦摩尼（即金童，亞當）對神父（即上帝）為拯救世界而犧牲悲傷不已，每當說起或想到神父他就哭，後半生都沒能從對神父犧牲的悲哀中恢復過來。因為慈悲喜舍是四無量心，佛對神父悲傷給予了佛無窮的力量。佛教以此大悲為根本。

What is the great sorrowfulness? Great Sorrowfulness means that Shakyamuni (aka. Gold Boy, Adam) was deeply saddened by the sacrifice of his godfather (God) for the salvation of the world. Whenever he talked about or thought of godfather, he cried; he was unable to recover from his sorrowfulness for his godfather’s sacrifice for the rest of his life. Because mercifulness, sorrowfulness, delightfulness, and renunciation are the four infinite hearts, so Shakyamuni's Great Sorrowfulness for godfather gave him infinite power. Buddhism is rooted in this Great Sorrowfulness.

插圖35的太陽鳥代表着夏娃（順皇），她肚子裡的那顆太陽就代表“無住涅槃”。因為夏娃是前意識的化身，所以古人就把 “無住涅槃” 畫在她的肚子裡了。類似的，圖36是墨西哥的卡特莉（Tlaltecuhtli），她肚子裡的那顆太陽就代表 “無住涅槃” ，也代表她的法眼。法眼的眼根是 “畢竟空” （即涅槃，亦作俱知根）。

The sunbird in Illustration 35 represents Eve (Shun White-King), and the sun in her belly represents "Non-Dwell Nirvana”. Because Eve is the embodiment of preconsciousness, the ancients depicted Non-Dwell Nirvana within her belly. Similarly, Figure 36 depicts Tlaltecuhtli of Mexico. The sun in her belly represents Non-Dwell Nirvana and her Juristic Eye. The Juristic Eye's eye-root is "empty after all" (i.e., Nirvana, also known as the root of all-knowing all-seeing).

14.1.1.2 三身 Three Bodies

涅槃是說身心清淨，沒什麼感覺，就只能說是寂靜，也可以用三身來描述涅槃。身除指體相外，還有智慧和功德之積聚義。

Nirvana means that the body and mind are pure and there is no feeling. It can only be described as silence. Nirvana can also be described by the three bodies. In addition to referring to the physical appearance, "body" also means the accumulation of intelligence gnosis and virtues.

（一）自性身，玄奘說，謂諸佛真淨法界，受用變化平等所依，離相寂然，絕諸戲論，具無邊際真常功德，是一切法平等實性，即此自性亦名法身。自性身是什麼？由於其不障性與虛空相似，又其性質與虛空相應，故古人常用東西南北上下的十方虛空比喻其形象。佛教亦由此得異名空門，又作不二門。

(1) Self-Nature Body, Tang Tripitaka said, it is true immaculate juristic boundary of Buddhas, is the basis for conversion and equality, is silent without any phenomena, is without any dramatic theses, is with boundless true and constant fortune and virtue, is equal factuality nature of all laws, that is self-nature, also known as Juristic Body. What is the Self-Nature Body? Because its non-obstacle property is like that of void, and its nature corresponds to empty, the ancients often used the ten-direction empty of east, west, south, north, up, and down as a metaphor for its image, therefore, Buddhism got an alias from this, Empty Door, which is also called None the Second Door.

（二）受用身，玄奘說，有二種，自受用和他受用。自受用，謂諸佛經歷三大阿僧脂劫，修集無量福德所起的圓淨常遍色身，相續湛然，盡未來際恆自受用廣大法樂。他受用，謂諸佛由平等智示現微妙淨功德身，居純淨土為八至十地的大菩薩眾現大神通，轉正法輪，決眾疑網，令彼受用大乘法樂。

(2) Body of Acceptance-and-Usage, Tang Tripitaka said, it has two types, self acceptance-and-usage body, and others acceptance-and-usage body. Self Acceptance-and-Usage Body means that the Buddhas have gone through “Three A-Monk Index-Catastrophes” and accumulated immeasurable fortunes and virtues to form a perfectly round immaculate-constant pervasive color body, lucidly succeeding, as far as the future of the constant self-enjoyment of the vast juristic laugh. Others Acceptance-and-Usage Body is saying that by Equality Intelligence, Buddhas manifest delicately wonderful immaculate fortune-and-virtue body, reside in immaculate land, exhibit great divine power for crowds of eighth-through-tenth land Mahasattvas, turn the juristic wheel to correct direction, solve crowds of suspicion webs, to have them enjoy great vehicle juristic laugh.

自受用身是什麼？包括正身，即佛在世時的肉體，和報身，即他所用器具，所居住房屋，以及所處的大地、山川河流等。又此四聖諦是佛在世時，他或她的識的自體。

他受用身是什麼？佛把自己的生平事跡和所學集注成經書，流傳後世千年萬年；以及寺廟、佛像、法器等。

What is the Self Acceptance-and-Usage Body? It consists of Correct Body, which is the Buddha's physical body when he or she is in the world, and Retribution Body, which is the utensils he uses, the house he lives in, and lands, mountains, rivers, and so on, where he lives; and the Four Cruxes are his knowledges when he is in the world.

What is the Others Acceptance-and-Usage Body? The Buddha collected and annotated his life stories and what he learned into sutras, which have been passed on to future generations for thousands of years, and juristic vessels, temples, statues, etc.

（三）變化身，玄奘說，謂諸佛由成事智變現無量隨類化身，居淨土穢土為諸菩薩及異生眾，機宜說法，令各得諸利樂。

什麼是變化身？由皈依和變性而得的身體。此中的異生性，即一個人個體性是他的煩惱和所知之和。佛的化身諸如，在家出家的弟子等善男信女，寺廟，佛像、法器等常駐物。此類化身還存在於人趣之外，如存在於修羅趣，惡鬼趣，畜生趣等之中。

(3) Convert Body, Tang Tripitaka said, by establishing-affairs intelligence, Buddhas transform along categories, dwell in immaculate lands and maculate lands, expediently preach to the Bodhisattvas and other living beings, have them all gain benefits and laughs accordingly.

What is the Convert Body? A body obtained by conversion and change of nature. Among this, Mutant Nature is sum of Know and Annoyance of a sentient being. Buddha’s Convert Bodies are such as Monks Nuns and laymen laywomen, temples, statues, and juristic vessels, etc. and the kinds of bodies also exist among such as asura interest, hungry ghost interest, and livestock interest, etc.

再例如圖37是墨西哥國旗的圖；上面的鷹代表卡特莉（Tlaltecuhtli，又名翠玉女Chalchiuhtlicue）接受全部墨西哥人的禮敬。圖39是特拉洛克的特質肖像。圖40是翠玉女（Chalchiuhtlicue）的特質肖像。圖41中的兩隻鹿代表希臘文化中的阿波羅和雅典娜（金童和玉女）。圖42中的兩隻羊代表日耳曼文化中的睚眥和磨牙（亞當和夏娃）。

For example, Figure 37 shows the Mexican flag; the eagle above represents Tlaltecuhtli (also known as Chalchiuhtlicue), receiving homage from all Mexicans. Figure 39 shows a characteristic image of Tlaloc. Figure 40 shows a characteristic image of Chalchiuhtlicue. The two deer in Figure 41 represent Apollo and Athena (the Golden Boy and the Jade Girl) in Greek culture. The two goats in Figure 42 represent Tanngnjóstr and Tanngrisnir (Adam and Eve) in Germanic culture.

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