台湾加入联合国天经地义

陈叔涵

 说到中国的政权格局，正确的态度应该是把大陆和台湾分开。这是客观的事实，大陆政权和台湾政权是两个完全不同性质的政权，无论是从法律、意识形态到政治经济制度都是绝然不同的。所谓的中华人民共和国，其主权与领土只限于大陆，根本不涉及台湾，也不能代表台湾；同样，如今中华民国的领土和主权也只限于台湾以及金马澎湖列岛。这就是当今海峡两岸政权的客观现实，任何人都不能否认。

若承认中国大陆是一个主权国家，那么，同样也必须承认台湾是一个主权国家，因为台湾具备所有主权国家的要素：领土、宪法、总统、军队、外交…尽管国际社会有很多国家口头上不承认中华民国台湾政府，但是，他们用实际行动认可了中华民国台湾政府的合法性。他们甚至对中华民国公民比对中国大陆公民更加优待，如免签证入境。所以，中华民国台湾早就已经是一个事实上的主权国家，不管承认与否 都是一种客观的存在！

关于大陆政权在联合国的席位，1971年联合国大会第2758号决议本身就有语病：恢复中华人民共和国的合法权利…事实是中华人民共和国于1949年成立，在1971年之前，中华人民共和国未曾加入联合国。既然从来没有加入，就不存在恢复的说法。只能说1971年联合国接受中华人民共和国成为其新会员，是中国大陆政权在联合国的唯一合法代表，这才是符合事实的表述。因为到今天为止，中华人民共和国也没有统治过台湾一天，它何以代表台湾呢？！

同样的事实是：自1949年起，中华民国的领土与主权仅限于台湾以及金马澎湖列岛。1949-1971年大陆在中华人民共和国的控制之下，尽管这期间中华民国依旧是联合国成员，但实际上已经不能代表中国大陆了！

联合国应该接受的一个客观的事实是：世界上只有一个中国，这个中国由两部分构成，一部分是大陆，另外一部分就是台湾以及金马澎湖列岛。有鉴于此，根据联合国宪章，台湾是完全有资格加入联合国的，因为联合国早就开了这样的先例并且成了惯例！

联合国接受世界上只有一个德国，同时也接受一个客观的事实：这个德国由两部分组成，东德和西德，东德和西德互不隶属，是对等的政治实体，同为联合国成员；同样地，联合国接受世界上只有一个朝鲜，同时也接受一个客观事实：这个朝鲜由两个部分组成，一部分是大韩民国，另外一部分是朝鲜民主主义人民共和国，两个政治实体互不隶属，均为联合国成员。

更有甚者，在前苏联尚未解体时，乌克兰和白俄罗斯都属于前苏联。但是，联合国接受世界上只有一个苏联，即便乌克兰和白俄罗斯都属于前苏联，乌克兰和白俄罗斯仍然可以单独加入联合国，成为会员，让前苏联在联合国一国三票，这都是客观存在的事实！

因此，联合国完全没有理由把中华民国台湾拒之于门外，这对台湾太不公平。况且，中华民国本来就是联合国的创会成员国之一，虽然自1949年之后丧失了中国大陆的领土和主权，但是，中华民国退守台湾后依旧是一个实实在在的政治实体，作为台湾政权的唯一合法代表重返联合国名正言顺!

中华民国是继承大清王朝领土与主权的合法政权，也曾经是代表整个中国的唯一合法政府，是世界反法西斯战争的一支重要力量，为世界和平以及人类进步事业做出了巨大贡献。1946-1949年的中国内战使中华民国失去了中国大陆的领土和主权，但其在台湾的领土和主权并未丧失。作为一个整体的中华民国是合法的，台湾是组成这个整体的一部分，就具有天然的合法性。这就好比一份合约，失效的部分可以不再信守、不再履行，但对于这份合约中的有效部分，则必须继续信守和执行，这是普世的观念与价值，也是文明社会广泛接受的行为准则。

中共大陆政权没有任何理由阻挠台湾加入联合国。既然中共大陆政权曾经同时承认东德与西德，现在依旧同时承认南韩与北韩。南北韩同为联合国成员，南北韩互不隶属。虽然南北韩都各自声称自己拥有整个朝鲜的主权，却都不是事实。同样地，中国大陆与台湾也互不隶属。中国大陆声称拥有台湾主权，只是声称，从未拥有过，不成事实。如果说声称有效力，那么，中华民国台湾就更有底气声称拥有整个中国的领土和主权，因为中华民国本来就曾经拥有过整个中国。如今，中华民国台湾尊重两岸分治的客观现实，也尊重中华民国丧失其大陆领土和主权的历史事实，不再虚幻地声称什么拥有大陆领土和主权，提出两岸为互不隶属的政治实体，这是务实且忠于历史和尊重现实的政治认知，完全符合国际法的准则与惯例。中共国则不一样，它从不遵守国际规则而只把自己的观点强加于人，这就难免在国际上陷于孤立！

1949年以后，中华民国政府退居台湾，励精图治，经过七十多年的努力把台湾建设成一个文明、民主、富裕的国家，是亚洲宪政的楷模。同时，台湾在经济与科技上取得的成就也举世瞩目。台湾人民享有高度的人权、自由、民主，这是中国大陆永远无法企及的，联合国既然能够接受大陆这个专制且毫无人权可言的政权作为会员，有什么理由拒绝一个文明且民主的政权入会呢？！

It's only right and proper for Taiwan to Join the United Nations

Chen Shuhan January 17, 2022 

When it comes to China’s political power structure, the correct attitude should be to separate the mainland and Taiwan. It is an objective fact that the mainland regime and the Taiwan regime are two completely different regimes in nature, whether in terms of law, ideology, or political and economic systems. The so-called People's Republic of China, whose sovereignty and territory are limited to the mainland, does not represent Taiwan at all and cannot represent Taiwan either; likewise, the territory and sovereignty of the Republic of China today are limited to Taiwan and the islands of Jinmen, Mazu, and Penghu. This is the objective reality of the regimes on both sides of the Strait today, and no one can deny it.  

If mainland China is recognized as a sovereign state, then Taiwan must likewise be recognized as a sovereign state because Taiwan has all the elements of a sovereign state: territory, constitution, president, military, diplomacy... Although many countries in the international community verbally do not acknowledge the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan, in practice they have accepted the legitimacy of the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan. They even treat ROC citizens more favorably than mainland Chinese citizens, e.g., visa-free entry to Taiwan passport holders. Therefore, the Republic of China in Taiwan has long been a de facto sovereign state, whether recognized or not, she is an objective existence!  

Regarding the seat of the mainland regime in the United Nations, the 1971 UN General Assembly Resolution 2758 itself is linguistically flawed: the restoration of the legitimate rights of the People's Republic of China... The fact is that the People's Republic of China was established in 1949 and had not joined the UN before 1971. Since it never joined, there is no such thing as restoration. One can only say that the UN accepted the PRC as its new member in 1971, the only legitimate representative of the mainland Chinese regime in the UN, and this is the expression that corresponds to the facts. How can the People's Republic of China represent Taiwan when it has not ruled Taiwan for a single day until today?!  

It is also a fact that since 1949, the territory and sovereignty of the Republic of China have been limited to Taiwan and the islands of Jinmen, Mazu, and Penghu. From 1949 to 1971 the mainland was under the control of the People's Republic of China, and although the Republic of China remained a member of the United Nations during this period, it could no longer represent mainland China indeed!

The United Nations should accept the objective fact that there is only one China in the world and that this China consists of two parts, one being the mainland and the other being Taiwan and the islands of Jinmen, Mazu, and Penghu. Because of this, Taiwan is fully qualified to join the United Nations according to the UN Charter, because the UN has set such a precedent actually and became a practice long ago! 

The United Nations accepts that there is only one Germany in the world, and at the same time accepts the objective fact that this Germany consists of two parts, East Germany and West Germany, which are non-subordinate, reciprocal political entities and members of the United Nations; similarly, the United Nations accepts that there is only one Korea in the world, and at the same time accepts the objective fact that this Korea consists of two parts, one is the Republic of Korea and the other is the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. The two political entities are not subordinate to each other and both are members of the United Nations.  

What's more, both Ukraine and Belarus belonged to the former Soviet Union when the former Soviet Union was not yet dissolved. However, the United Nations accepts that there is only one Soviet Union in the world, and even if both Ukraine and Belarus belong to the former Soviet Union, Ukraine, and Belarus can still join the United Nations separately and become members, allowing the former Soviet Union three votes in one country in the United Nations, which are objective facts too!  

Therefore, there is absolutely no reason for the United Nations to shut out the Republic of China in Taiwan, which is too unfair to Taiwan! Moreover, the Republic of China was originally one of the founding members of the United Nations, and although it has lost its territory and sovereignty over mainland China since 1949, the Republic of China is still a real political entity after retreating to Taiwan, and as the sole legitimate representative of the Taiwan regime, it is only right to return to the United Nations!  

The Republic of China (ROC) was the legitimate regime that inherited the territory and sovereignty of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) and was once the only legitimate government representing the whole of China. It had been a major force in the world war against fascism and made a great contributor to the cause of world peace and human progress. The Chinese Civil War of 1946-1949 caused the ROC to lose its territory and sovereignty in mainland China, but not its territory and sovereignty in Taiwan. The Republic of China as a whole is legitimate, and Taiwan has a natural legitimacy when it is part of that whole. This is like a contract, the invalid part can no longer be trusted and fulfilled, but the valid part of this contract, it must be duly honored and implemented as usual, which is a universal concept and value, and a widely accepted code of conduct in a civilized society.  

The Chinese Communist regime has no reason to obstruct Taiwan's membership in the United Nations. Since the Chinese Communist regime recognized both East Germany and West Germany, it still recognizes both South Korea and North Korea for the time being. Both North and South Korea are members of the United Nations, and North and South Korea are not subordinate to each other. Although both North and South Korea claim sovereignty over the whole of Korea, neither is true. Similarly, mainland China and Taiwan are not subordinate to each other. China's claim to sovereignty over Taiwan is just an empty claim, not a fact. If the claim can be taken as valid, then the Republic of China in Taiwan has more standing to claim the territory and sovereignty of all of China, because the Republic of China once owned all of China. Today, the Republic of China in Taiwan respects the objective reality of cross-strait partition and the historical fact that the Republic of China has lost its mainland territory and sovereignty, and no longer makes illusory claims to possess mainland territory and sovereignty, proposing that the two sides of the Taiwan Strait are political entities that are not subordinate to each other. This political perception is pragmatic and faithful to history and it respects reality, which is fully consistent with the norms and practices of international law. Unlike the Chinese communist state, which never abides by international rules but only imposes its views on others, it is inevitably isolated in the international arena!  

After 1949, the government of the Republic of China retreated to Taiwan and worked hard for more than seven decades to build Taiwan into a civilized, democratic, and wealthy nation, a model of constitutional government in Asia. At the same time, Taiwan's economic and technological achievements have been world-renowned. The people of Taiwan enjoy a high degree of human rights, freedom, and democracy that mainland China will never be able to achieve. If the United Nations can accept an authoritarian regime of no human rights such as mainland China as a member, what’s the reason on earth to deny membership to a civilized and democratic state like Taiwan?