烦恼即糊涂，会令人感觉心绪嘈杂，身心沉重，是拘碍人身心的枷锁，有很多异名，此说26种：1系，2结，3取，4箭，5随烦恼，6随眠，7缚，8盖， 9缠，10瀑流，11轭，12株杌， 13垢，14常害，15所有，16根，17恶行，18漏，19匮，20烧，21恼，22诤，23火，24炽然，25稠林，26拘碍。

Annoyances are muddles, which makes people feel noisy and heavy in body and mind, are fetters that hinder and detain the body and heart. There are many synonyms for them, of which 26 are mentioned here: 1 Is, 2 Tie, 3 Fetch, 4 Arrows, 5 Following Annoyance, 6 Following Sleep, 7 Bind, 8 Cover, 9 Coil, 10 Waterfall, 11 Yoke, 12 Stump, 13 Taint, 14 Constant Harm, 15 Possession, 16 Root, 17 Ferocious Behaviours, 18 Leakage, 19 Scarcity, 20 Burn, 21 Annoyance, 22 Expostulation, 23 Fire, 24 Conflagration, 25 Thick Forest, 26 Detention.

13.2.1 系 Is

系即系表动词是，系缚义，缔结生命义（参见前节的注5）。为什么系是烦恼呢？前节案例说了，通过夏娃识的认可（即是），她和亚当识通力合作，很短的时间内就创造了一个尘刹土世界，包括其中的众生和事物。夏娃识制造生命很快，像似水流一样。现实生活中此二识日夜创造众生和事物，而那些都分食 “心识流”，让人心绪嘈杂，身心沉重。所以夏娃识也被称作污染识；亚当识包含了许多坏种，过失也很严重。古人为了提醒后人系的危害，把生命之树上的解脱果命名成了离系果（参见10.6.4节《离系果》）。系有四种：1贪欲身系，2瞋恚身系，3此实执取身系，4戒禁取身系。

“IS” is the verb “is”, means tether, tethering life, (see annotation 5 in the previous section). Why is “is” an alias of annoyance? The case of the previous section says that through cognition (i.e., is) of Eve-sense (i.e., preconsciousness), and Adam-sense (i.e., maculate part of unconsciousness) cooperated to create a “dust instant soil world”, including the beings in it, in a very short time. Eve-sense creates lives very quickly, like water flowing. In real life these two senses create sentients and things day and night, and which all partake of the senses-stream of heart, make one's heart and body heavy. Therefore, Eve-sense is also called Contamination; Adam-sense contains many bad seeds, so also with serious faults. To remind future people of the harms of Is., ancients named the fruit of liberation on Tree of Life the Off-is Fruit (see Section 10.6.4, Off-is Fruit). There are four kinds of is-es: 1 greedy-desire body-is.; 2 irritation-anger body-is.; 3 is-real obsessive-fetch body-is.; 4 precept-taboo-fetch body-is.

（一）贪欲身系，由贪爱财物等为因，所贪爱的事物系缚于心，另心变得粗重。贪爱得多了，心意就散乱了；此说，贪欲能障碍绑缚心之自体，另心识流分散。

（二）瞋恚身系，由诤斗故，众生多行不正；此不正确的行为能绑缚心之自体，令心散乱。

(1) Greedy Desire Body Is. is caused by the craving for possessions, etc., which bind up the body and heart, and make the heart rough and heavy. The heart becomes scattered when there are many greedy desires; this means that greed and desire can bind up self-body of heart and disperse heart-senses stream.

(2) Irritation-Anger Body Is. Due to expostulations and fights, sentients behave incorrectly, which incorrect behaviors can bind the body and heart, and cause the heart to be scattered.

（三）此实执取身系，由不如理作意，推求境界妄生执着我见、边见、邪见、和见取见（参见10.4.4.1.4《根本烦恼》），计唯此真实，余皆愚妄。由此为因，令心散乱。

（四）戒禁取身系，对于戒禁不能正却理解，肆意曲解，旺兴执着，由无利勤苦为因，令心散乱。

(3) Is-real Obsessive-Fetch Body Is. Due to not according to theories to make intents, reasoning from desirably perused environment, one illusively obsesses to Seth-view (cf. section 10.4.4.1.4 Fundamental Annoyances), edge-view, heresy, or heretical-view, believes which is the only real, the rest are all foolish delusions. Because of this reason, heart is in dispersion.

(4) Precept and Taboo Fetch Body Is. Precept-fetch means that to the precepts and prohibitions, one does not understand correctly, indulge in misunderstanding, compassionately obsess to the fetched views from precepts and taboos; due to which bitter of nonbeneficial diligent labours, heart is in dispersion.

13.2.2 九结 Nine Ties

据说，这里谈的结（如图13.2.2-24所示）和后文的盖头、帽子等都是上帝给亚当和夏娃穿的衣服，称作心衣。衣服的尺寸就是衣服的功能范围，如图23、26、27所示。插图25源自古埃及壁画，描述的是时分天正在称量心重，重一根羽毛可以通过。心是思想意识义，没有重量；他们实际是在称量心衣的重量。佛教中称此心衣的功能范围为结界。结界就是电影或故事中的神秘场力，本质是隐私空间，防卫心、忌讳、猜疑、恐惧等的势力，（案例，参见6.6节）。另外，本书10.4.4节《行蕴》中的某些善法也被称作心衣；15.2节的具足戒，又名黄金甲，金缕衣等。

The ties talked about here (shown in Figure 13.2.2-24) and the covers, hats, etc., later in the text are said to be the Heart Cloths that God made to Adam and Eve to wear. The sizes of the cloths are the range of cloths’ functions, as shown in Illustrations 23, 26, and 27. Illustration 25 is derived from an ancient Egyptian fresco depicting the Hour-Minute sky were weighing the heart, weighing a feather to pass through. The heart means mind, weightless; they were weighing the heart cloths. In Buddhism, the ranges of heart cloths’ functions are called Tie Boundaries. Tie Boundaries are the mystical field force in movies and stories, essentially spaces of privacy, self-defending heart, taboos, suspicions, fears, etc., (for example case, see the case in section 6.6). In addition, certain benevolent laws in the book's section 10.4.4 are also known as the heart cloths; and the full precepts of section 15.2, also known as the Golden Armor, invisibility cloak, and so on.

爱结、嗔结、痴结等九结能绑缚人于苦恼的处境，和合众苦，树立结界，使人的本心遭到污染、覆盖和摧残，从事无利尘劳。结界的界是种子义（参见10.2节），因为众生依界而生。一切烦恼皆能合苦，爱、恚等九法尤为强烈，故取九结来说明。这九结是：爱结、恚结、无明结、慢结、疑结、见结、取结、嫉结、悭结。

The nine ties of love, irritation, and ignorance, etc. can bind people in afflictive situations, combines crowds of bitterness, and set up Tie Boundaries, which contaminate, conceive, and torture people’s hearts, to have them pursue unbeneficial dust labors. The word boundary of Tie Boundary means Seed (see section 10.2), because sentients depend on boundaries to live, to grow. All annoyances can combine bitter, but love, irritation, etc. nine laws are particularly serious, therefore, the nine ties are used to illustrate. The nine ties are: love tie, irritation tie, non-light tie, view tie, fetch tie, arrogance tie, suspicion tie, jealousy tie, and stingy tie.

（一）爱结，以染着为性，是贪的相分（参见10.1节《法的四分》），对于顺境中所感乐受，希望能长期持有。一切烦恼皆能合众苦，就是因为贪爱。众生为贪爱故，广行不善，遂招致当来的不平等、不正确、生老病死忧恼之苦，流转于惑业苦的恶性循环（参见12.4.1 流转），不能出离。

(1) Love Tie, love is by dye, clinging as nature, is greed’s phenomenal quadrant (see section 10.1 Juristic Quadrants), is the desire to hold on to the pleasures in enjoyable environment for a longer time. It is because of greedy love that all annoyances are combining crowds of bitter. Because of greedy love, sentient beings perform a wide range of non-benevolences, which leads to the inequality, incorrectness, bitterness of birth old illness and death, and stuck in the vicious cycle of muddle karma and bitterness (see 12.4.1 Cycle), from which they can not be free.

（二）恚结，以愤恨为性，对于违境所感苦受，所起不愤的情绪及嗔恚之想。众生为嗔恚故，广行不善，遂招致当来的不平等、不正确、生老病死忧恼之苦，流转于惑业苦三轮（参见12.4.1 流转），不能出离。

(2) Irritation Tie, is by anger and hate as nature, is the acceptances of resentment and the thinkings of irritation and hate. Because of irritation and hate, sentient beings perform a wide range of non-benevolences, which leads to the inequality incorrectness and bitterness of birth old illness death, stuck in the vicious cycle of muddle karma and bitterness (see 12.4.1 Cycle), from which they can not be free.

（三）无明结，无明（参见前一小节的注1）即无知、愚痴；即于违顺诸境，苦乐诸受，所起的与道理相违愚痴之想。无明结是说众生心性为无明所覆，于集谛的因法和苦谛的果法不能了解，广行不善，遂招致当来的不平等、不正确、生老病死忧恼之苦，流转于惑业苦的循环（参见12.4.1 流转）之中，不能出离。

(3) Non-light Tie, the non-light is the dimness in previous section annotation 1, means ignorance, fool, are irrational foolish thinkings that arise amid either adverse or advantageous etc. environments, bitter or happy etc. acceptances. The non-light tie means that sentient beings' hearts are so conceived by non-light that they are unable to understand the cause laws of chapter 13 Aggregate Crux, and the fruit laws of chapter 13 Bitter Crux, perform a wide range of non-benevolences, which leads to the inequality, incorrectness, bitterness of birth old illness and death, and stuck in the vicious cycle of muddle, karma, and bitterness (see 12.4.1 Cycle), from which they can not be free.

（四）见结，谓众生于我见、边见、邪见、见取见、戒禁取见（此五恶见参见10.4.4.1.4节），妄兴执着，广行不善，遂招致当来的不平等、不正确、生老病死忧恼之苦，流转于惑业苦三轮，不能出离。

(4) View Tie, saying that sentient beings compassionately obsess I view (i.e., Seth View), edge view, heresy, view fetch, and precept fetch (for the five ferocious views, see section 10.4.4.1.4), perform a wide range of non-benevolences, which leads to the inequality, incorrectness, bitterness of birth old illness and death, and stuck in the vicious cycle of muddle, karma, and bitterness, from which they can not be free.

（五）取结，取即所取和能取；所取者是受，能取者是想。此二取习气，即受蕴和想蕴（参见10.4.2, 3 节），是世间本。取结是说众生于所取、能取不能了解，妄意随顺执着此二取习气，广行不善，遂招致当来的不平等、不正确、生老病死忧恼之苦，流转于六道轮回，不能出离。

(5) Fetch Tie, fetch includes the capable to fetch, which is think, and the being fetched, which is acceptance. The two fetch habits are Think Node and Acceptance Node (see section 10.4.2.3). Fetch tie means that sentient beings are unable to understand what is the able to fetch and what is the being fetched, they delusionally yield to the two fetch habits, and perform a wide range of non-benevolences, which leads to the inequality, incorrectness, bitterness of birth old illness and death, and stuck in the vicious cycle of muddle, karma, and bitterness, from which they can not be free.

（六）慢结，谓不懂我法，妄执我及我所而凌驾于它人。慢结是说众生依仗自己所擅长，于它有情高举傲慢，广行不善，遂招致当来的不平等、不正确、生老病死忧恼之苦，流转于六道轮回，不能出离。

(4) Arrogance Tie, saying that sentient beings do not understand I law (i.e., Seth view), illusively lifting I and mine above others. Arrogance tie means that depending on advantage, one arrogantly lifts oneself over other sentients, and perform a wide range of non-benevolences, which leads to the inequality, incorrectness, bitterness of birth old illness and death, and stuck in the vicious cycle of muddle, karma, and bitterness, from which they can not be free.

（七）疑结，谓众生于四胜谛（参见第12-15章）的人生道理妄生疑惑，不修正行，广行不善，遂招致当来的不平等、不正确、生老病死忧恼之苦，流转于惑业苦的循环流转，不能出离。

(7) Suspicion Tie, saying that that sentient beings suspect the life principles of Four Victorious Cruxes (chapter 12 through 15 of the book), do not cultivate correct behaviors, perform a wide range of non-benevolences, which leads to the inequality, incorrectness, bitterness of birth old illness and death, and stuck in the vicious cycle of muddle, karma, and bitterness, from which they can not be free.

（八）嫉结，谓众生耽着名利，见它荣富，起嫉妒心，广行不善，遂招致当来的不平等、不正确、生老病死忧恼之苦，流转于惑业苦三轮，不能出离。

(8) Jealousy Tie, saying that sentient beings are obsessed with fame and wealth, become jealous when they see others fame and wealth, so they perform a wide range of non-benevolences, which leads to the inequality, incorrectness, bitterness of birth old illness and death, and stuck in the vicious cycle of muddle, karma, and bitterness, from which they can not be free.

（九）悭结，谓众生耽着名利，于资生具，其心贪吝，不能舍施，广行不善，遂招致当来的不平等、不正确、生老病死忧恼之苦，流转于六道轮回，不能出离。

(9) Stingy Tie, saying that sentient beings are obsessed with fame and wealth. Their hearts are greedy and stingy on life assets, unable to donate, so they perform a wide range of non-benevolences, which leads to the inequality, incorrectness, bitterness of birth old illness and death, and stuck in the vicious cycle of muddle, karma, and bitterness, from which they can not be free.

13.2.3 取 Fetch

取义为执取诤根和执取后有；有四种：欲取，我语取，见取，戒禁取。欲取依欲界而建立；后三种依色界和无色界而建立。欲界、色界、和无色界，这三个概念参见第12章苦谛。

Fetch means “obsessively fetch expostulating-root”, and “obsessively fetch later-have”; there are four kinds: desire fetch, I-lingual fetch, view fetch, precept fetch. Desire fetch is established on Desire Boundary; the last three are established on Color Boundary and Colorless Boundary. For the concepts of desire boundary, color boundary, and colorless boundary see chapter 12 Bitter Crux.

（一）欲取，谓欲界众生贪着饮食、睡眠、和性行为等色声香味触五欲，为获得受用，互相斗诤。这斗诤的根本是五欲取。

（二）我语取，谓依我见而取；我语就是口语中的我字，即转移身见，梵语萨迦耶见，英语塞斯，纳瓦特尔语Titlacauan（义为我们是它的奴隶）。当我见破败时，世人又妄执六十二种边见和邪见（参见10.4.4.1.4 根本烦恼）。此三种见就是被执取的诤根。下文的见取和戒禁取是依此诤根而执取后有。

(1) Desire Fetch, saying that sentient beings crave color sound incense taste and touch, the five kinds of desires, such as food, drink, sleep, and sexual intercourse.  To enjoy the acceptances of those five dusts, they expostulate and fight with each other. The root cause of these expostulations and fights is the Five Desire Fetches.

(2) I Lingual Fetch, saying that depending on I-view to fetch, “I” is the oral saying of me, I-view means Seth view, Chinese calls “translocation body view”, Sanskrit is sakkāya-diṭṭh, Nahuatl Titlacauan that means we are its slave. When Seth-view is broken, mundane people illusively cling to the 62 Edge-views and Heresies (see section 10.4.4.1.4 Fundamental Annoyances). These three kinds of views are the expostulating roots of being obsessively fetched. The following View Fetch and Precept Fetch are depending on the expostulating roots to obsessively fetch later haves.

（三）见取，即根本烦恼恶见中的一百零八种见取见，谓于诸见及所依蕴，执为最胜，认为执彼能得清净涅槃。

（四）戒禁取，戒条总说为男人的三千威仪八万四千细行和女人的五百威仪十万八千魅力（参见15.2节《离垢地》），世人对戒条的某些条款曲解妄执，认为持彼戒禁能得涅槃，如执行性器官割礼，和尚不吃肉等。

(3) View Fetch, that is the 108 kinds of “Views fetched from Views” among the Ferocious Views (see section 10.4.4.1.4.6-4), saying that obsessively holding views and their dependent node as the most victorious, they believe in by doing so, can gain immaculate nirvana.

(4) Views Fetched from Precepts and Taboos, generally to say precepts are, 3,000 Majesties and 84,000 Enchantments for man, and 500 Majesties and 108,000 Charms for woman (see section 15.2). Mundane people have misinterpreted and deluded themself into believing that holding some practises and precepts can gain salvation, such as using tap water to baptise, genital circumcision, and monks not eating meat, etc.

返回集谛的目录 Return Catalog of Aggregate Crux