龍利魚俗稱牛舌頭，是一種暖溫性近海大型底層魚類，具廣溫、廣鹽和適應多變的環境條件的特點，適溫範圍3.5—32℃，最適水溫14—24℃，適鹽範圍14-33‰。終年生活棲息在我國近海海區。
中文學名：龍利魚
別稱：牛舌頭
界：動物界
目：鰈形目
科：舌鰨科
屬：舌鰨屬
分布區域：分布在中國近海海區
養專家稱，龍利魚作為優質海洋魚類，其脂肪中含有不飽和脂肪酸，具有抗動脈粥樣硬化之功效，對防治心腦血管疾病和增強記憶頗有益處。同時據營養測定，龍利魚中的歐米加－3脂肪酸，可以抑制眼睛裡的自由基，防止新血管的形成，降低晶體炎症的發生，這就是它又被稱為“護眼魚肉”的原因。所以它還特別適合整天面對電腦的上班族作為健康保健品。

再看看圖片，貌似和比目魚是親戚哦，而且真的是營養豐富的深海魚。不過外包裝袋上那個“鯰”字很讓我疑惑啊，買不買呢？

查查英文資料，發現真正的龍利魚應該是“Flounder”，再看看超市中標有“鯰屬”的所謂龍利魚袋子上的英文名字是：“Pangas”，好吧google一下，貌似出問題了：這個所謂的“Pangas”根本不是深海的龍利魚，而是一種產于越南和泰國的BASA fish，淡水魚。產于越南湄公河下游高度污染地區。因為BASA fish super cheap，目前中餐館的魚菜（糟溜魚片，水煮魚，酸菜魚之類）基本都是BASA fish，不信下次吃，品嘗時小心在意，您就一定知道了。當然先嘗一下中國店所謂冰凍龍利魚片，然後可以比較。鯰魚的照片我就不貼了，大家幾乎都吃過。

google出來的原文如下：

Don’t Eat this fish: Pangas (Pangasius, Vietnamese River Cobbler, White Catfish, Gray Sole)

別吃這種魚！

Cheap cheap fish! The above is an ad (from one of the large supermarket chains in France) for the fish known as Pangas (also called, Pangasius, Vietnamese River Cobbler, Basa Fish and White Catfish, Tra, Gray Sole). It was a reminder to tell you about the dangers of this strange but increasingly popular fish. I learned about them and how they’re raised a while ago on an informative documentary online here: Documentary about Pangas. (which is in French. If you don’t speak French, read below.)

便宜的魚啊！上面的是個有名的法國超市的廣告，大家

把這種魚叫做龍利魚。要提醒一下大家，吃這種奇怪卻

日益流行的魚是很危險的！我在一個網站上發現了它們

的養殖環境。

Would the French call it Poisson ou poison?
Industrially farmed in Vietnam along the Mekong River, Pangas or whatever they’re calling it, has only been recently introduced to the French market. However, in a very short amount of time, it has grown in popularity in France. The French are slurping up Pangas like it’s their last meal of soup noodles. They are very, very affordable (cheap), are sold in filets with no bones and they have a neutral (bland) flavor and texture; many would compare it to cod and sole, only much cheaper. But as tasty as some people may find it, there’s, in fact, something hugely unsavory about it. I hope the information provided here will serve as very important information for you and your future choices. Here’s why I think it is better left in the shops (and not on your dinner plates):

龍利魚是在越南的湄公河裡養殖的。最近才引進入法

國，卻一下子變得很受歡迎。法國人瘋了一樣的搶購

它。這種魚很便宜，而且魚排沒有骨頭，味道也很可以

接受。很多人覺得它吃起來像鱈魚或比目魚，價格卻便

宜一大截。下面的信息很重要，希望能影響到你和你未

來的選擇，最好讓這些魚就留在商店裡，而不是你的餐

桌上。

1. Pangas are teeming with high levels of poisons and bacteria. (industrial effluents, arsenic, and toxic and hazardous by-products of the growing industrial sector, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT and its metabolites (DDTs), metal contaminants, chlordane-related compounds (CHLs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB)). The reasons are that the Mekong River is one of the most polluted rivers on the planet and this is where pangas are farmed and industries along the river dump chemicals and industrial waste directly into it. To Note: a friend lab tests these fish and tells us to avoid eating them due to high amounts of contamination. Regardless of the reports and recommendations against selling them, the supermarkets still sell them to the general public knowing they are contaminated.

龍利魚包含高濃度的毒素和細菌（工業污染，生長在越

南工業區，各種化學藥品和金屬都在那條河裡）。越南

的湄公河是地球上污染最嚴重的地方，而龍利魚就長在

這裡。河岸邊的工廠直接往河裡傾倒各種化學和工業廢

料。注意：一個朋友的實驗室做過龍利魚的實驗，發現

裡面高污染。問題是，雖然大眾都知道這魚是被污染

的，而超市仍然在賣。

2. They freeze Pangas in contaminated river water. Ew.

用來冷凍龍利魚的水也是受了污染的河水

3. Pangas are not environmentally sustainable, a most unsustainable food you could possibly eat – “Buy local” means creating the least amount of environmental harm as possible. This is the very opposite end of the spectrum of sustainable consumerism. Pangas are raised in Vietnam. Pangas are fed food that comes from Peru (more on that below), their hormones (which are injected into the female Pangas) come from China. (More about that below) and finally, they are transported from Vietnam to France. That’s not just a giant carbon foot print, that’s a carbon continent of a foot print.
龍利魚不環保。估計能是最不環保的東西了。--大家要多吃當地食物。龍利魚長在越南，而吃的東西卻來自秘魯，激素來自帝國。然後再運輸到法國。這得排放多少的碳啊。
4. There’s nothing natural about Pangas – They’re fed dead fish remnants and bones, dried and ground into a flour, from South America, manioc (cassava) and residue from soy and grains. This kind of nourishment doesn’t even remotely resemble what they eat in nature. But what it does resemble is the method of feeding mad cows (cows were fed cows, remember?) What they feed pangas is completely unregulated so there are most likely other dangerous substances and hormones thrown into the mix. The pangas grow at a speed light (practically!): 4 times faster than in nature…so it makes you wonder what exactly is in their food? Your guess is as good as mine.
龍利魚的生長是反自然的。他們用死魚來餵龍利魚。（瘋牛病不就是用牛肉餵牛而產生的麼。）
5. Pangas are Injected with Hormones Derived from Urine – I don’t know how someone came up with this one out but they’ve discovered that if they inject female Pangas with hormones made from the dehydrated urine of pregnant women, the female Pangas grow much quicker and produce eggs faster (one Panga can lay approximately 500,000 eggs at one time). Essentially, they’re injecting fish with hormones (they come all of the way from a pharmaceutical company in China) to speed up the process of growth and reproduction. That isn’t good. Some of you might not mind eating fish injected with dehydrated pee so if you don’t good for you, but just consider the rest of the reasons to NOT eat it.

龍利魚的激素來自尿。不知人們怎麼有的這個注意，但

是他們發現如果往母的龍利魚身體裡注射懷孕女人的尿

提取出的激素的話，母魚能長得更快，繁殖更快。一隻

龍利魚每次能有五十萬個卵。

6. You get what you pay for – and then some. Don’t be lured in by insanely cheap price of Pangas. Is it worth risking your health and the health of your family?
一分錢一分貨。
7. Buying Pangas supports unscrupulous, greedy evil corporations and food conglomerates that don’t care about the health and well-being of human beings. They only are concerned about selling as many pangas as possible to unsuspecting consumers. These corporations only care about selling and making more money at whatever cost to the public.8. Pangas will make you sick – If (for reasons in #1 above) you don’t get immediately ill with vomiting, diarrhea and effects from severe food poisoning, congratulations, you have an iron stomach! But you’re still ingesting POISON not poisson.Final important note: Because of the prodigious amount of availability of Pangas, be warned that they will certainly find their way into other foods: surimi (those pressed fish things, imitation crab sticks), fish sticks, fish terrines, and probably in some pet foods. (Warn your dogs and cats and hamsters and gerbils and even your pet fish!)

購買龍利魚就鼓勵了奸商

Watch this Report on Pangas (in French) (Video excerpt from Capitale on M6, which aired about 3 months ago).

http://www.dietmindspirit.org/2008/01/30/why-you-shouldnt-eat-this-fish-pangas-pangasius-vietnamese-river-cobbler-white-catfish-gray-sole/

再看看另外一篇越南人寫的：

Cause of Death: Consumption of Basa Fish

This article is written a Guest Blogger Kimberly Truong. Kimberly is currently an English graduate student at Cal State Fullerton.

Is it possible that the after-school fish stick snacks you have been feeding your child could possibly be contaminated with deadly metals such as mercury?! Unfortunately, the answer is YES. The dangers of consuming too much fish are usually paired with the not-so-rare disease hydrargyria (better known as mercury poisoning) but now it seems that there’s a new danger to this delicious after-school snack and ambient dinner main course.

A popular frozen fish product imported from Vietnam called basa fish just made the “Do Not Consume” list. Basa fish (known in the UK as Vietnamese river cobbler) is a type of catfish that is farmed in pens along the Mekong River. Basa fish is known for its mild taste and flaky white meat and is becoming the preferred type of fish among consumers because of its “cleaner” and almost bland taste compared to other types of farm-raised fish.

Consumers in The United States were introduced to basa fish in 1994 after the trade embargo with Vietnam was finally lifted. It was not a popular choice at first, but now it is a great competition for domestic catfish farmers. This is because basa fish is cheaper than catfish, has similar taste, and the quality of it is not any less. The quick rise in the basa fish’s popularity created the “Catfish War” in The United States.

A few years after the spike in popularity of basa fish, scientists discovered the danger of its consumption. Basa fish are farmed along the Mekong River—one of the most polluted rivers in the world. Large manufacturers planted along this river frequently dump extremely toxic and dangerous chemicals and industrial waste directly into it. In June of 2001, the US Food and Drug Administration imposed increased and more thorough testing on Southeast Asian farm-raised seafood including the basa fish after repeatedly discovering fish contaminated with heavy metals and banned antibiotics.

In March 2007, The Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service surveyed 100 fish from this river and detected 14 antimicrobial chemicals at low levels, including sulphonamides, tetracyclines, malachite green, penicillin, quinolones, flouroquinolones and phenicols antimicrobial chemical groups. Regarding these findings, Peter Collignon, director of microbiology and infectious diseases at the Australian National University medical school reports that “this means [that] antibiotics were used in the production of those fish… [and] superbugs can develop and they can remain [in the fish] and come across to people and cause problems.”
Farmed basa fish are not fed their natural foods. They are fed the bones and remnants of dead fish usually after a period of time after the fishes’ deaths—giving time for bacteria to grow and infect the “basa fish food.” These farmed fish are also often injected with dehydrated urine of pregnant women forcing female basa fish to grow and produce eggs quicker and the injection of hormones, imported from a pharmaceutical company in China, increases the speed of the growth and production processes of the fish. Farmers of these fish are only concerned with the progression rates and the income these fish bring in with no concern for the consumers.

To summarize everything in a few words: basa fish may be poisonous!

Side effects include vomiting, diarrhea and other effects that often stem from food poisoning. True, there may be a few out there who are able to tolerate the fish without having to suffer these side effects, but you should be aware of the health precautions.

Hopefully from now on, you will be aware of the potential risks basa fish poses to your health. It’s easy enough when you’re shopping for fresh fish, but be especially aware when buying packaged seafood like imitation crab, fish sticks, fish terrines, and even pet food. Simply flip the package to the back and check the list of ingredients to make sure that basa fish isn’t an ingredient.
Is saving a few pennies a pound worth the risk of exposing your family to such deadly fish? There is a chance the fish are completely clean and will cause no problems, but considering the risks, is it worth it to assume the fish are uncontaminated when it comes to your loved-ones? Keep in mind that if a price is too good to be true, most likely, it IS too good to be true!