| 美國《新聞周刊》1976年發表社論《歷史上最後一位巨人》 | 來源: 中華網論壇 | 作者:最可愛的人 | 時間:2012年8月26日 | 內容摘要:毛澤東是人類歷史上最偉大的軍事家和政治家,是幾千年不世出的曠世天才。20世紀的中國歷史是毛澤東一手鑄成的。而那一個世紀的世界歷史如果沒有毛澤東,也必將會是完全不同的另一面貌。他喚起了整個東方人類和新興世界的崛起。 1、毛澤東是人類歷史上最偉大的軍事家和政治家,是千年不遇的曠世天才。 20世紀的中國歷史是毛澤東一手鑄成的。而那一個世紀的世界歷史如果沒有毛澤東,也必將會是完全不同的另一面貌。他喚起了整個東方人類和新興世界的崛起。全不同的另一面貌。他喚起了整個東方人類和新興世界的崛起。 毛澤東天姿英發,文韜武略,膽識過人。在整個人類歷史上,毛澤東都是一位無與倫比的人物。世界歷史上從來沒有任 何一個政治家,能夠憑藉幾乎一無所有的政治資源,白手起家,在二十八年之間,縱橫捭闔,締造了世界上最大的一個政黨,一支戰無不勝的軍隊,一個偉大的國家; 從而成為世界上人口最多、地域廣闊的中華大國的至高無上的神聖領袖。 世界歷史上也從來沒有任何一個國家的領袖,敢於如此地蔑視包括兩個超級大國在內的整個工業化世界以至包括聯合 國。而面對整個世界的報復、封鎖和堵截,他最終迫使世界不僅向之低頭,而且為之喝彩,為之鼓掌!當1972年中國使團高傲地帶着自己的原則和理念重返聯合國的時候,中國人所得到的正是全世界這樣的掌聲! 2、毛澤東是一個神話。 自1946—1949年間他所指揮的第三次國內戰爭,雙方用兵之數量,其戰爭規模之宏偉,超越了20世紀包括兩次世界大戰在內的全部戰爭,也超過了人類戰爭史上的一切戰爭。 毛澤東的軍事指揮藝術出神入化精妙絕倫。相形之下,西方之兵聖凱撒、亞歷山大、漢尼拔和拿破崙,不過如同小丘而 已。所謂運籌帷幄之中,決勝千里之外不足以狀其妙。他實際是運神思於方寸之間,而操勝負於萬里之外!其軍事指揮藝術之高超,其政治、軍事及意識形態整體運 用配合之巧妙,超過了人類歷史上一切最偉大的軍事家。 毛澤東駕馭歷史操縱人類的能力幾乎來自天賦。如果我們不是由於曾身歷其境,我們會象後代一樣對神一樣的毛澤東不可思議不可想象和不能置信。 毛澤東的個性和人格魅力是無窮的。他具有卓越的藝術天賦、最深刻的直覺靈思和極其廣博的人文知識。在對待人的問題上,他關注的始終是群體的“人民”即所謂“大多數”人類權利的普世價值。他永遠站在世界上社會上窮苦大眾、“弱勢群體”即被侮辱與被損害者的那一邊。 在生活中,毛澤東極具人情味、幽默感。他知道世上沒有不散的筵席,“萬歲”只是一句空話,“四個偉大”不過是小人違心的阿諛奉承。他嘲弄自己既有虎氣也有猴氣,他相信自己早晚也會被人打的粉碎——不過粉碎而已,有什麼了不起? 在政治上,他冷酷無情。只要政治鬥爭需要,他就會毅然斬斷一切情緣、粉粹任何障礙和形成障礙的個人,不論他們是舊日袍澤還是老戰友,文化大革命中尤甚!“如果需要無情,那就無情!”“既做獅子又做狐狸。”在政治權謀上,他不過也是一位馬基雅弗利之術的運用者。 3、黑格爾說過:仆妾眼中無英雄。 但是,那並非英雄不是英雄,而是因為仆妾只是仆妾!英雄也有失誤,偉人也有弱點,偉人也有隱私,偉人也有人性。但是,偉人仍然是偉人! 托爾斯泰說:一個道德完美的庸夫仍然是庸夫,一個渾身彈孔的英雄仍然是英雄。 全部歷史所昭示於人類的,就是人類永遠會犯錯誤。個人會犯錯誤,群體也會犯錯誤。領袖會犯錯誤,政黨會犯錯誤,國家會犯錯誤,民族也會犯錯誤。一部人類歷史就是不斷犯錯誤的歷史!因此歷史永遠是曲折的歷史。為了擺脫某種錯誤,結果所陷入的可能又是另一種錯誤。 歷史不過是無數錯誤的疊加而已。歷史的終極正義,正是在無終極的無數錯誤的積累中,才逐漸呈現的。 4、20世紀是人類歷史上充滿傳奇戲劇性的一個偉大世紀。列寧、斯大林、毛澤東是這個世紀中卓越拔立的三位真正的傳奇英雄。 這個世紀的頭十年以1917年10月社會主義革命開始,在60年代後期以中國的無產階級文化革命而達到一個震撼全球資本主義體系的最高潮。但隨文化大革命的失敗,乃以九十年代全球社會主義體制的全面崩潰,轉向新資本主義和新帝國主義的全球化運動。 但是,歷史遠未終結。馬克思、列寧、毛澤東留下的精神和政治遺產,包括文化大革命的遺產,仍然會被人們不斷地思索和研究下去。 5、毛澤東晚期思想的根本之點在於,毛澤東認為:“社會主義”並不是一個靜止無矛盾只需要向前發展經濟的平靜社會。這個社會作為一種過渡形態,它既存在着向前,向更高級社會形態進步的可能,也存在着向後倒退和復辟,倒退回半殖民地和原始積累的野蠻資本主義的可能。 毛澤東認為,社會主義社會內部仍存在着極其深刻複雜的矛盾和鬥爭。這種矛盾中既包涵着階級鬥爭和階級對抗的內 容,也包涵着統治階級與被統治階級的矛盾和鬥爭。而其根本主題,則是內外資產階級及其政治代表與多數人民大眾的矛盾。對這種矛盾,如果統治階級、執政黨處 理不好,則發生動亂、暴動或革命是隨時可能的。因此,社會革命不會終結,歷史永不終結。 我們可以預言,如果在未來某一天中國也終於出現戈爾巴喬夫、葉利欽式的右派政變或以“自由主義”為名義的內外資產階級和買辦勢力的聯合專政,那麼,以毛澤東的名義,中國工人階級和貧苦農民大眾的聯盟和革命造反運動就一定會前仆後繼地再度發生。 毛澤東已看到這一點。他說:“中國如果發生反共的右派政變,我斷定他們是不得安寧的,很可能是短命的。” 因為毛澤東已經把他的革命精神和革命意識形態深深地熔鑄進了中華民族的靈魂和政治文化中! 6、英國名史家羅斯在論述拿破崙時曾指出: “儘管遭受了慘重的失敗,他在治理國家,煥發人民才智和運用戰爭藝術等方面,完全是超群絕倫,偉大之極。 他的偉大,不但在於他那些最出色的業績具有永恆的重要性,而更在於他的始創性以至在完成所有這些業績中投入了雄偉非凡的力量——這種力量,使得遍布他後半生征途上的那些巍然屹立的紀念碑,雖然飽受狂風暴雨的摧殘,卻還是宏奇壯麗! 屈處奴役之下的民族不可能有這樣的成就。人類畢竟不以最高的榮譽授予那些謹小慎微、知難而退、毫無建樹傳於後世的庸碌之輩,而是把它授予胸懷大志、敢作敢為、功勳卓著、甚至在自己和千百萬人同遭大禍之際還主宰着千百萬人之心的人。” 毛澤東正是這樣一個奇蹟創造者。 7、文化大革命最終徹底失敗了。但是,毛澤東——這個駕馭中國革命徹底改造了中國之人性和生活的人,這個以人民 戰爭的形式領導了二十世紀歷史中時間最長、規模最大、席捲了數億人口的偉大國內戰爭和革命群眾運動的人;這個動員了十億人民,在九百六十萬平方公里的土地 上,以超人之偉力,在人類歷史上第一次試圖營造一個前所未有的最終消滅階級、消滅剝削、消滅私有制、實現人類終極平等的烏托邦理想國的人;這個打破了雅爾 塔三強瓜分世界協議、打破了冷戰的兩極格局,從而使中國屹立而起成為世界之第三極的人;這個導致二十世紀後半期的全球地緣政治發生根本改變的人; 這個發起了十字軍東征以來最偉大的群眾行動、使西方勢力被逐出於東方的人; 這個最終把億萬人的思念引向天安門前那塊孤獨聳立的岩石之後的正方形大廈的人; 必將永遠 屹立於人類歷史上千古不朽者的最前列! 8、毛澤東去世後,西德總理勃蘭特發表的悼詞說:“……對一部分人來說他是希望,對另一部分人來說,他是永久的挑戰。兩種情況都將繼續下去,以後一直是如此”。 毛生前多次點名批判過的鐵托則說:“毛澤東是巨人之中的超級巨人”。 《毛澤東傳》的作者、美國學者特里爾說:“事情總是這麼奇怪,五十、六十年代詆毀他最多的政府,1976年卻對他的讚辭最多。有些領導人說他是人類歷史上一千年才會出現一個的天才。美國《新聞周刊》當天發表的社論標題是《歷史上最後一位巨人》。” 沒有任何崇拜者會比他生前的對手和敵人,更知道毛澤東存在的意義和份量。當然,至今仍有人躲在陰暗中詛咒他。因為毛澤東仍然是那些人的一個消不去的噩夢。 是的,像毛澤東這樣巨大而深刻地影響過世界歷史的巨人,是恐怕不會再有了。但他的精神、政治和全部意識形態遺產已永遠地存留在中國大地上,籠罩着未來的全部中國歷史。 在生前,毛澤東曾經一次又一次地震撼了整個世界。在未來,毛澤東必將成為世界歷史中一個永恆的話題——一個神話,一個傳奇,一個理想,一個夢境! 世界歷史由於曾有過毛澤東而不寂寞。中國正是由於有了毛澤東,中國才仍然是中國。也正是由於創生了毛澤東,中華文明才 再一次向世界最雄辯地證實了它的智慧、輝煌、它的魅力與永恆的生命力! 附:歷史上最後一位巨人 原文如下: Walk up to true Mao Zedong in paper in the page "Mao Zedong who attends Ross- Trier is summoned having feeling " But the history strength is lain in history requires that precipitayion , precipitayion queen ability reproduce history truly truly. After Mao Zedong passes away since September 9 , 1976, understanding and explaining to Maoist is always the public opinion hot spot , the eyeball being affecting the world even. The press of nearest Renmin University of China has debuted famous USA scholar Ross · Trier (Ross Terrill) press of classics masterpiece "Mao Zedong conducts " (Stanford University , 1999's) up-to-date printing plate middle version ceremoniously. This this "Mao Zedong conducts " first time be come out on 1981 , be that several hundred kinds west Mao Zedong biography are hit by one of be praised highly most , most best-selling work , be become 8 kinds characters , be spread on a global scale once by translation. But compared with version 1, the new edition has added many new materials , has absorbed the up-to-date achievement that a lot of home and abroad Mao Zedong studies, complete book chapters and sections additions and deletions space reaches more than 1/3, especially flexible depicting changes a maximum to Mao Zedong behind building up a country, the large amount of exquisite , costful photograph applying, makes the history great man unfold before reader's with vivid , moving image. Compared with version 1, the new edition is Maoist lifetime of annotation still mainly from thought , the politics angle, the person floating clouds and flowing water as narrating that and original review of view, make people gasp in admiration; It shows solicitude for individual life and the psychoanalysis especially , the union attaching importance to individuality and the history tableau, lets us touch the "self's inner world" to Maoist true , more all-round , prompter; It is more miraculous to the personage and history circumstances analysis , description to history event is especially concrete , guide reader to show solicitude for the history depth and, careful body odour "story" back times is perplexed , rich emotion of Mao Zedong and the challenge theory is created melting for an integral whole , is that we have described Maoist "true one overall portrait ". Mao Zedong is person , but not god In people's ken, politics and the culture sandy beach lustre which can not submerge the peculiar personage. Finishing reading "Mao Zedong biography " , our as if the dream returns to 20 centuries, has walked into that times , has discovered a true Mao Zedong , has been not upper Mao Zedong of concept but, Mao Zedong who is not apotheosis more. In fact, Mao Zedong absolutely not that great innate leader. On 1911, he has been full of immature longing for to Chinese future , this 18-year-old Hunan youth tentative plan central government actually has been: Sun Yat-sen acts as a president , Kang Youwei serves as Prime Minister, Liang Qichao is Foreign Minister then. Establish Marxist belief and devote into the revolution queen even if in him, be also several ups and downs on politics , experience the flavour failing to the fullest extent. And, the Mao Zedong long range fails to win Muscovite trust of communism revolution centre; Mao Zedong is only a "dyadic Marxist of margarin" in self's eyes, red in Stalin skin Bai Xin , reach no previous real proletarian revolution leader. On the private life, extremely rich human touch of Mao Zedong , sense of humour, pole utensil personality charm. In 1972, when Nixon's China-visiting, Kissinger's assistant Winston · Luode experiences Maoist willpower big and powerful right away once firsthand: But "I believe that I never come across a too such people ", "even if I do not know whom he is, join a cocktail party who has him to be present, he affirms that attracts me over ". that can strength base on he Mao Zedong already melts to become a member of Chinese history Being a American , Trier Sir is from a brand-new angle annotation Mao Zedong , readjust oneself to a certain extent with him in Chinese revolution and world revolution general situation , readjust oneself to a certain extent within history of Chinese society soil, how becomes "riddle Mao Zedong of having revealed a history" then Mao Zedong? Fish for the truth looking for history if needing to find by hard and thorough search really,only when coming back to China, this owns antiquited civilized history for 5000 years country , only possibility produces such a Mao Zedong history great man in country also only the in such. Mao Zedong is that 20 centuries one are rich in the charm revolutionist , that he leads lower PRC is really not one interlude music or song in a film or play of Eutopia theory , is the reconstruction to Chinese society but, have a far-reaching impact on. Be to be inferior despite of that Mao Zedong is one director is more distant than being one traditional ideas rebel , director and fighter, despite of he has such like that fault, but this place charm the preeminent statesman "has controlled a times needing a `superman'" , the new era having opened up Chinese history's, has also changed China's development direction. If 21 centuries are "Chinese's centuries ", Mao Zedong looks upon the quilt as a new's so the golden age founder. Nowhere the history gravitation is absent. Though Mao Zedong leaving us already 30 but his and his comrades has changed Chinese destiny , has also has given 20 century China and world fight to have gone ahead deeply brand, have cast self gigantic person's silhouette on. The present age Chinese must treat the Maoist legacy of history sagaciously , have been an integral whole , have been not allowed to break up because of Mao Zedong already melts with Chinese history, somebody says no wonder like this: Maoist history , self are the Chinese contemporary history that a volume concentrates; Read go by , sum future now having known Mao Zedong , having also only read to have known Chinese , read the thing having known Chinese and Chinese. "Annals of history if warning honor thousand years "! The Xinhua News Agency reporter bend aspiration river , the Li skill peak within a interview record can come to an agreement: "Who also had no way to deny that Mao Zedong comes into being to 20 centuries Chinas and the world, enormous but deep effect and effect; Intense but long-term individual charm and mental strength whose also unable resisting , Mao Zedong own". Mao Zedong criticizes Yugoslavia leader Tito of the Communist Party by name once many times before one's death , Tito acclaims hair "the super giant in one giant" but but after hair passes away. To here, even Sir feels being greatly bewildered: The "thing is always in this way queer , 50 , 60 age calumniates his most government, Ode to him dismisses a maximum but in 1976. Some leaders said he is that human being one genius appears on one thousand years only meeting in history. The editorial title that USA "Newsweek " announced in that very day is "one final place giant in history"". |