先貼幾張上次朋友帶我參觀Facebook campus 的照片:
1. 左手邊的辦公樓1樓是Mark的會議室， 當時他在裡面開會， 一下就認出他的娃娃臉， 剛想照相， 見到玻璃上貼着條子： Don't photography the animals ! 作罷
2. Facebook 員工把自己的設計貼在牆上， 最喜歡其中這句話： “Give More Than You Take ” Mark就是這樣做的。
３. Facebook也有免費的午餐，Cake & Electronic Accessaries 
說老實話， 我原來對Facebook不怎麼感冒， 覺得社交網算個啥東西， 哪裡有Google的搜索引擎， 微軟的視窗對社會有貢獻啊！
可是後來，我轉了180度， 認為在Facebook工作的朋友是幸運的， 因為老闆是個有情懷的人， Facebook賺的錢幫助了那麼多的孩子，病人。 最近不斷被Facebook刷屏 Mark & Priscilla 歷盡千辛懷上孩子了 Max出生了， 她爹寫了一封感人至深的信給女兒 Mark決定捐出他持有的99% 的Facebook股票做慈善， 作為給女兒的禮物 。。。 朋友， 同學群里， 大家開始懷疑，懷疑Mark的善舉 懷疑他是為了避稅 Mark對質疑做出解釋
還是懷疑他 懷疑他 。。。
明明是善舉， 怎麼被描的那麼黑？ Mark和Priscilla明明有着美好的心願， 卻被扭曲的慘不忍睹。 我不忍看下去， 開始試着說服懷疑者， 這些懷疑者一般是沒有海外工作經歷的。 懷疑者很頑固， 我也很頑固， 辯論， 辯論， 再辯論。。。 有的同學罵我： 你腦子進水了！ 你怎麼可能讓大媽理解小札的理想和境界! 我還是希望她們理解這種高尚的境界， 理解這個世界上有善良的人，有關愛社會的人，人不為己，天不蛛地不滅。
簡要總結一下
1. 有人認為Mark捐錢是為了逃避遺產稅，讓子女得到更多好處，還用貌似嚴格的計算來證明他們的觀點， 經過一些小學算術的計算，得出結論， Mark通過裸捐， 20年後可以讓女兒多得609億美金。 
還有一個更誇張的， 把美國富豪全體搞黑 “ 掃盲：關於美國富豪捐款的背後的故事：政府如何確立政策鼓勵富豪捐款的：
美國不鼓勵從父輩繼承巨額遺產不勞而獲的做法，因此美國的遺產稅高得嚇人。雖然遺產稅率時高時低，但大致在45%左右，而在華盛頓州，因為沒有州一級的收入稅，為了保證州政府稅收，它額外徵收高達20%的州遺產稅。也就是說，如果蓋茨將財富直接傳給孩子，交完遺產稅後，幾乎去掉了60%。美國對投資收入也徵收很高的資產增值稅，稅率從15%到35%不等。如果蓋茨賣掉自己手裡長期持有的微軟股票，他將繳納15%的資產增值稅，如果他兌現短期的投資所得，則要交高達35%的聯邦稅。如果將自己的股票賣掉轉給孩子，那麼，每一億美元的資產只剩下1×（1-45%）×（1-20%）×（1-15%）=37% ，即3700萬美元。假如將這3700萬美元拿去投資，按每年10%的投資回報率計算，每年投資收入按平均30%的稅率繳稅，那麼，到30年後這個富人的孩子將獲得2.8億美元。
如果想少繳稅，而將財產儘可能多地留給孩子，唯一的辦法是將財產捐給自己的慈善基金會。這樣做可以免除三種稅，第一次賣股票的資產增值稅、遺產稅和每年的投資增值稅。在向自己的基金會捐贈財產時，還能再抵消40%的工資等所得稅。考慮到這個富人的工資獎金收入和捐到他自己的基金會的股票相比是九牛一毛，暫且不考慮他抵稅的部分。美國法律同時規定所有的慈善基金會每年必須捐出5%的資產，這就是每年蓋茨基金會和其他慈善基金會都要捐出一些錢的原因之一。
現在我們再來看看這個富人把錢捐給了他自己的基金會後，每一億美元財產能為孩子留多少錢。我們仍然假定，該基金會的投資回報是每年10%，扣除捐出的5%還剩下5%。現在該基金會自始至終就不用交任何稅了，30年下來，這一個億美元的本金增值到4.3億美元，同時還向社會捐出了3.3億美元。因此，如果經營得好，這個富人不但多留給孩子1.5億美元，還通過這3.3億美元的捐贈博得慈善家的美名，而且，更重要的是，美國大多數富豪都喜歡通過自己、而不是通過政府來改造社會，真可謂名利三收。一百多年前有洛克菲勒、福特，現在有蓋茨和巴菲特。 ”
上面兩個計算貌似嚴格， 其實是基於一個錯誤的假設， 就是捐款人的捐款動機不純， 捐款人的家族是這筆善款的受益人， 過20年家族可以把慈善基金的尾款收回。 慈善基金同家族信託基金有本質的不同，後者是為了家族財產的分割和傳承， 基金收益人是家族成員， 而慈善基金是要經過政府嚴格審核的（為了避免有人逃稅）， 目的不是財產傳承， 而是做社會公益。
很多富豪都設有兩種信託基金， 一方面做些社會公益積德， 一方面照顧家庭成員的衣食住行， 比如香港的李嘉誠， 美國的洛克菲勒。
2. 有人質疑Mark為了避稅放棄了美國國籍 Mark如果放棄了美國國籍，我不會感到意外。 因為很多人寧願自己直接做些改變社會的事情， 而不是通過政府。 但是我認為Mark還是持美國護照的。 他還是被列在美國富豪里的第11名 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Forbes_400
各個國家的富豪都可以查到 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_the_number_of_US_dollar_billionaires
3. 經過很多口水戰，有人堅持Mark是為了避稅 我不同意這個說法，原因如下： Mark還很年輕， 遺產稅跟他還沾不上邊， 美國現在的遺產稅有接近5.4 million的免稅額， 上面最高封頂在40%。 而且如果真想把財產轉到女兒名下，可以有很多辦法， 完全不需要用把錢捐出去的辦法， 比方他現在就可以給女兒在瑞士銀行開賬戶， 現在開始在女兒名下買豪宅，等女兒大學畢業後，把她招到Facebook工作， 給她股票分紅。。。如果Mark真想轉移資產到女兒名下。 Mark的salary income很少， 好像只有一兩塊錢， 他原本也沒有什麼income tax， 只有在他cash out 股票時有capital gain 的稅， 你知道，capital gain 的稅是低稅率的。 Mark和Priscilla之前已經捐了不少錢， 在不需要避稅的情況之前做出這樣的善舉，已經很說明問題。
我堅信Mark和Priscilla做善事是為了改變世界，為了他們的理想，Gates也是做善事 我想問那些懷疑慈善行為的高人們幾個問題： 1問. 如果你們認為捐出99%的財產有詐， 那捐出多少財產才沒有詐呢？ 2問. 如果這樣裸捐可以給兒孫留下更多財產， 是否美國多數人都可以做到這樣呢？ 我做不到，你可以做到嗎？ 3問. 如果成立慈善基金可以給孩子留下更多的錢，那巴菲特為什麼不成立他自己的基金， 而是捐到Gates的基金會 4問. Mark和Gates可以多捐些錢避多些稅， 那你也可以少捐些錢，少避些稅啊， 你願意捐出你的資產的50%，試試嗎？ （ 我只知道當我捐出股票賺來的1000塊錢時， 我少交150快錢的稅，淨付出是850塊，不是得， 是出 ）
我大學的一個學霸轉發了Mark對他質疑的中文解釋， 並註：我作為一個中國人都汗顏！ 我也是，汗顏！
最後衷心祝福Mark和Priscilla這個美好的家庭， 願他們永遠健康快樂！
Mark給女兒的信（也是給所有下一代的信，給所有父母的信） Dear Max, Your mother and I don't yet have the words to describe the hope you give us for the future. Your new life is full of promise, and we hope you will be happy and healthy so you can explore it fully. You've already given us a reason to reflect on the world we hope you live in. Like all parents, we want you to grow up in a world better than ours today. While headlines often focus on what's wrong, in many ways the world is getting better. Health is improving. Poverty is shrinking. Knowledge is growing. People are connecting. Technological progress in every field means your life should be dramatically better than ours today. We will do our part to make this happen, not only because we love you, but also because we have a moral responsibility to all children in the next generation. We believe all lives have equal value, and that includes the many more people who will live in future generations than live today. Our society has an obligation to invest now to improve the lives of all those coming into this world, not just those already here. But right now, we don't always collectively direct our resources at the biggest opportunities and problems your generation will face. Consider disease. Today we spend about 50 times more as a society treating people who are sick than we invest in research so you won't get sick in the first place. Medicine has only been a real science for less than 100 years, and we've already seen complete cures for some diseases and good progress for others. As technology accelerates, we have a real shot at preventing, curing or managing all or most of the rest in the next 100 years. Today, most people die from five things -- heart disease, cancer, stroke, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases -- and we can make faster progress on these and other problems. Once we recognize that your generation and your children's generation may not have to suffer from disease, we collectively have a responsibility to tilt our investments a bit more towards the future to make this reality. Your mother and I want to do our part. Curing disease will take time. Over short periods of five or ten years, it may not seem like we're making much of a difference. But over the long term, seeds planted now will grow, and one day, you or your children will see what we can only imagine: a world without suffering from disease. There are so many opportunities just like this. If society focuses more of its energy on these great challenges, we will leave your generation a much better world. • • • Our hopes for your generation focus on two ideas: advancing human potential and promoting equality. Advancing human potential is about pushing the boundaries on how great a human life can be. Can you learn and experience 100 times more than we do today? Can our generation cure disease so you live much longer and healthier lives? Can we connect the world so you have access to every idea, person and opportunity? Can we harness more clean energy so you can invent things we can't conceive of today while protecting the environment? Can we cultivate entrepreneurship so you can build any business and solve any challenge to grow peace and prosperity? Promoting equality is about making sure everyone has access to these opportunities -- regardless of the nation, families or circumstances they are born into. Our society must do this not only for justice or charity, but for the greatness of human progress. Today we are robbed of the potential so many have to offer. The only way to achieve our full potential is to channel the talents, ideas and contributions of every person in the world. Can our generation eliminate poverty and hunger? Can we provide everyone with basic healthcare? Can we build inclusive and welcoming communities? Can we nurture peaceful and understanding relationships between people of all nations? Can we truly empower everyone -- women, children, underrepresented minorities, immigrants and the unconnected? If our generation makes the right investments, the answer to each of these questions can be yes -- and hopefully within your lifetime. • • • This mission -- advancing human potential and promoting equality -- will require a new approach for all working towards these goals. We must make long term investments over 25, 50 or even 100 years. The greatest challenges require very long time horizons and cannot be solved by short term thinking. We must engage directly with the people we serve. We can't empower people if we don't understand the needs and desires of their communities. We must build technology to make change. Many institutions invest money in these challenges, but most progress comes from productivity gains through innovation. We must participate in policy and advocacy to shape debates. Many institutions are unwilling to do this, but progress must be supported by movements to be sustainable. We must back the strongest and most independent leaders in each field. Partnering with experts is more effective for the mission than trying to lead efforts ourselves. We must take risks today to learn lessons for tomorrow. We're early in our learning and many things we try won't work, but we'll listen and learn and keep improving. • • • Our experience with personalized learning, internet access, and community education and health has shaped our philosophy. Our generation grew up in classrooms where we all learned the same things at the same pace regardless of our interests or needs. Your generation will set goals for what you want to become -- like an engineer, health worker, writer or community leader. You'll have technology that understands how you learn best and where you need to focus. You'll advance quickly in subjects that interest you most, and get as much help as you need in your most challenging areas. You'll explore topics that aren't even offered in schools today. Your teachers will also have better tools and data to help you achieve your goals. Even better, students around the world will be able to use personalized learning tools over the internet, even if they don't live near good schools. Of course it will take more than technology to give everyone a fair start in life, but personalized learning can be one scalable way to give all children a better education and more equal opportunity. We're starting to build this technology now, and the results are already promising. Not only do students perform better on tests, but they gain the skills and confidence to learn anything they want. And this journey is just beginning. The technology and teaching will rapidly improve every year you're in school. Your mother and I have both taught students and we've seen what it takes to make this work. It will take working with the strongest leaders in education to help schools around the world adopt personalized learning. It will take engaging with communities, which is why we're starting in our San Francisco Bay Area community. It will take building new technology and trying new ideas. And it will take making mistakes and learning many lessons before achieving these goals. But once we understand the world we can create for your generation, we have a responsibility as a society to focus our investments on the future to make this reality. Together, we can do this. And when we do, personalized learning will not only help students in good schools, it will help provide more equal opportunity to anyone with an internet connection. • • • Many of the greatest opportunities for your generation will come from giving everyone access to the internet. People often think of the internet as just for entertainment or communication. But for the majority of people in the world, the internet can be a lifeline. It provides education if you don't live near a good school. It provides health information on how to avoid diseases or raise healthy children if you don't live near a doctor. It provides financial services if you don't live near a bank. It provides access to jobs and opportunities if you don't live in a good economy. The internet is so important that for every 10 people who gain internet access, about one person is lifted out of poverty and about one new job is created. Yet still more than half of the world's population -- more than 4 billion people -- don't have access to the internet. If our generation connects them, we can lift hundreds of millions of people out of poverty. We can also help hundreds of millions of children get an education and save millions of lives by helping people avoid disease. This is another long term effort that can be advanced by technology and partnership. It will take inventing new technology to make the internet more affordable and bring access to unconnected areas. It will take partnering with governments, non-profits and companies. It will take engaging with communities to understand what they need. Good people will have different views on the best path forward, and we will try many efforts before we succeed. But together we can succeed and create a more equal world. • • • Technology can't solve problems by itself. Building a better world starts with building strong and healthy communities. Children have the best opportunities when they can learn. And they learn best when they're healthy. Health starts early -- with loving family, good nutrition and a safe, stable environment. Children who face traumatic experiences early in life often develop less healthy minds and bodies. Studies show physical changes in brain development leading to lower cognitive ability. Your mother is a doctor and educator, and she has seen this firsthand. If you have an unhealthy childhood, it's difficult to reach your full potential. If you have to wonder whether you'll have food or rent, or worry about abuse or crime, then it's difficult to reach your full potential. If you fear you'll go to prison rather than college because of the color of your skin, or that your family will be deported because of your legal status, or that you may be a victim of violence because of your religion, sexual orientation or gender identity, then it's difficult to reach your full potential. We need institutions that understand these issues are all connected. That's the philosophy of the new type of school your mother is building. By partnering with schools, health centers, parent groups and local governments, and by ensuring all children are well fed and cared for starting young, we can start to treat these inequities as connected. Only then can we collectively start to give everyone an equal opportunity. It will take many years to fully develop this model. But it's another example of how advancing human potential and promoting equality are tightly linked. If we want either, we must first build inclusive and healthy communities. • • • For your generation to live in a better world, there is so much more our generation can do. Today your mother and I are committing to spend our lives doing our small part to help solve these challenges. I will continue to serve as Facebook's CEO for many, many years to come, but these issues are too important to wait until you or we are older to begin this work. By starting at a young age, we hope to see compounding benefits throughout our lives. As you begin the next generation of the Chan Zuckerberg family, we also begin the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative to join people across the world to advance human potential and promote equality for all children in the next generation. Our initial areas of focus will be personalized learning, curing disease, connecting people and building strong communities. We will give 99% of our Facebook shares -- currently about $45 billion -- during our lives to advance this mission. We know this is a small contribution compared to all the resources and talents of those already working on these issues. But we want to do what we can, working alongside many others. We'll share more details in the coming months once we settle into our new family rhythm and return from our maternity and paternity leaves. We understand you'll have many questions about why and how we're doing this. As we become parents and enter this next chapter of our lives, we want to share our deep appreciation for everyone who makes this possible. We can do this work only because we have a strong global community behind us. Building Facebook has created resources to improve the world for the next generation. Every member of the Facebook community is playing a part in this work. We can make progress towards these opportunities only by standing on the shoulders of experts -- our mentors, partners and many incredible people whose contributions built these fields. And we can only focus on serving this community and this mission because we are surrounded by loving family, supportive friends and amazing colleagues. We hope you will have such deep and inspiring relationships in your life too. Max, we love you and feel a great responsibility to leave the world a better place for you and all children. We wish you a life filled with the same love, hope and joy you give us. We can't wait to see what you bring to this world. Love, Mom and Dad
Priscilla是個善良又有智慧的女人 http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5ODc0NDI2Mw==&mid=400822835&idx=1&sn=18a345a3b0fe2acb4810045dbda43875&scene=5&srcid=1205E8NZDfJ7yWsBGdJjukyN#rd
現代科技富豪怎樣改變世界
http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5NTY0NjI4OA==&mid=406013651&idx=1&sn=be5f2341e25fcd65dafc5642c0f111da&scene=5&srcid=1205X0FL0MF2PI0kgwfsSZ5b#rd
這個話說的好：你的獲得決定了你過怎樣的生活，你的付出決定了你生命的意義 。
加州之行系列： 加州之行： Tahoe 滑雪 http://blog.creaders.net/u/1446/201101/77253.html
加州之行: 參觀Google
http://blog.creaders.net/u/1446/201001/53783.html
加州之行：17-Mile Drive http://blog.creaders.net/u/1446/201002/55662.html
加州之行: Berkeley Pier http://blog.creaders.net/u/1446/201106/87461.html |
