| 当今最有创造力的公司 科技是生产力，强调的是科技对于生产效率提高的重要价值。有科技可以用是一回事，获得科技又是一回事。前者，在早期，我们是“山寨为王”，“老子想怎么样搞就怎么样搞”。结果，在融入国际社会的过程中，吃尽了苦头。今天的中国，应该是已经明白了一个“世界上没有免费午餐”的大道理的了。 使用科技来提高生产率，是一个颇为技巧的事。在我们从极为落后向最初级的确保温饱进军的时候，能够在人家已经遗弃的“陈旧”技术那块，折腾点价值出来，也是不错的成就。 在那个阶段的经营的搞法，我们好像是习惯于称之为“粗放式”经营模式。 据说，经过了几十年的粗放式经营，我们的祖国已经成为世界第二大经济体了。 作为世界经济指标计算下来的老二，我们在创新领域的成就又如何呢？ 下面的数字，可能让你不得不感觉辛酸和苦闷。 日本企业占据前十名的整整半壁江山，韩国只冒出了一个三星集团，却也占据了老二的地位，仅次于蓝色巨人的IBM。这家韩国公司，像是在一个昼夜之间冒出来似的，不仅敢真刀真枪的“一出马”就和曾经牛气无比的日本电器巨头对垒，而且，还在短短的几十年时间之内，做到可以将当前牛气熏天的苹果，快逼疯了的地步。 即使不算谷歌、苹果这样靠创新起家，也靠创新大赚特赚的大家伙，面对韩国企业在创新领域的青春活力，中国企业看来还是差的太远。可惜，靠吹，是走不出国门的！ 不过，对于喜欢玩虚招的中国人而言，这个名单应该是非常“没有意义”的。我记得，好像在不久之前，中国国内注册的以中国人标准衡量可以成为专利的专利数量，好像就已经达到了类似于中国“熟练工程师数量巨大”那样的世界级的神话的水准了。 这样的牛气，你不吓破胆，好像都很难！ 只是，可惜呀，在经济战场的竞争，也不是靠吹牛就能够取胜的。 什么时候，中国的企业，可以走出“粗放式”经营的初级阶段，进入靠实力，靠技术，靠创新，和世界级大家对垒的“实力为王”时代的主要玩家之列。 搞专利，也有个“品质”的问题，“数量为王”的玩法，好像也只有忽悠的价值。有点意思的是，每一次回国，都有人向我推销他们发明的专利。在那片古老的土地上生活的人们，好像有个不同我们这里生活人们的理解。在他们眼里，只要是专利，就肯定是价值连城！只要是有资金的支持，专利后面带出的，就肯定是可以征服世界的高科技产品！这种现代形式的“无知”和“愚昧”，不仅有大量的国内市场，而且，还成为很多“海龟”们回国忽悠国内暴发户们最有杀伤力的武器了。 诸不知，在世界科技发展史上，“垃圾专利”也是多如牛毛。专利的申请，好像和军队的使用有点类似：有的是以攻击为主，有的只负责防卫，还有的，是做辅助性的工作，搞侦查、破坏什么的。你发展出的专利的价值，还得看你的“含金量”。 也可以说，打造有经济价值的“专利团队”，你恐怕还得着眼于打造“航空母舰”，才能打造出一个可以在世界大战场大杀一回的“舰队”。否则，你打造再多的专利，最终可能也只有自己在嘴里唠叨几回的价值了。 即使从美国的事例也不难看出，科技变成生产率，不是只有巨大的专利数量就可以实现的。当年混到几乎破产的美国电讯电报公司，不久之前“倒下”的柯达公司，手里也有大量的颇有潜力的专利，结果还是不得不混到在死亡线边缘挣扎的地步。 这和军队的实力有点类似：良好的武器制造是不能够让你制胜天下的，打天下的还是指挥者的智慧和团队的合作。 不管怎么说，看看下面这些数字，看看人家做的结果，看看创新的数量、种类、对创新科技的使用效率，我估计，我们也能够从中悟出不少的道理来。 有竞争力的经济体绝对离不开有强大创新力的科技团队和层出不穷的科技创新。有大量“专利”冒出的公司，却不一定就会成为一个盈利能力很强的竞争者。 这又回到了数学里面，开始时就让很多人折腾不清楚的“必要和充分、必要但不充分、充分但不必要”的圈圈了。 科技是生产率，但是，要想打造大量的靠科技来征服世界的企业群，在中国，可能还得以打造一个清廉的政治生存环境为基础。否则，再多的财富，也会在无穷无尽的腐败和滥指挥之中被消耗掉，消耗光。 链接：复制猫是不是醒的太晚了点 链接： -
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The Most Innovative Companies In The World January 10, 2013 by Michael B. Sauter, Samuel Weigley This week at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, some of the biggest companies in the world will debut the next generation of products and technology. The goods on display are the product of years of research and billions of dollars. And to protect their investments, companies file for patents on the next game changing device, software, or technology. The U.S. Patent Office and Trademark Office awards hundreds of thousands of patents to companies each year. Today, IFI Claims Patent Services, a producer of patent databases, released its top 50 ranking of the companies awarded the most U.S. patents in 2012. Based on IFI’s list, 24/7 Wall St. reviewed the 10 most innovative companies in the world. 24/7 Wall St.’s review of the IFI list finds that producing the most patents does not ensure a successful business — frequently, it can mean the exact opposite. Some of the biggest patent recipients last year are barely profitable, or are losing money. These corporations may be ramping up research and development as their current brand falters. Sony’s patent awards are up substantially compared to 2011, but its shares are down by nearly 40% in the past 12 months, and the company lost more than $5 billion in the last fiscal year. Meanwhile, several companies that didn’t make our list are among the most profitable companies in the world. Companies like Apple and Google saw major increases in patents awarded last year. Apple’s patents increased 68% between 2011 and 2012. Google’s grew by an astounding 170%. These two companies remain well out of the top 10 for global patents awarded last year. Apple was 22nd, and Google was 21st. Longevity is one of the reasons for Google and Apple’s absence, explained IFI Claims Patent Services CEO Mike Baycroft. “IBM, Samsung, Sony, and Microsoft [all in the top 10], these guys have been invested in the patent game for a long time.” In research and development, he continued, “Google and Apple are startups.” Another reason many of these companies make the list is the sheer range of industries in which they develop products. While they develop consumer electronics products, companies like General Electric, IBM and Toshiba also develop technology in alternative energy, medicine, and automotive. In order to identify the 10 most innovative companies, 24/7 Wall St. reviewed top U.S. patent recipients in 2012 according to IFI’s annual reports. To illustrate how patent awards relate to company performance, we examined sales, profit and change in share price over the past five years for the top 10. We also examined how these companies compared within their industry and among the largest companies in the world based on the Forbes Global 2,000. All sales and revenue data are from company financial statements or from the 2012 Forbes Global 2,000. These are the 10 most innovative companies of the year. 10. LG Electronics
> 2012 patent grants: 1,624
> Country: South Korea
> Profits: -$0.4 billion
> Sales: $46.8 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: -20.1%
> Size: 697th largest in the world LG Electronics is one of the largest electronics manufacturers in Japan, behind companies like Samsung, Hitachi and Toshiba. This branch of the massive LG Holding Corp is one of the leading producers of televisions, washers and dryers, refrigerators and mobile handsets. Earlier this week at CES, the company announced it would begin delivering the highly-anticipated next-generation organic light-emitting diode television, or OLED TV this February. With its 1,624 patents granted in 2012, the company has returned to the top 10 patent earners, after a brief hiatus in 2011. 9. General Electric
> 2012 patent grants: 1,652
> Country: United States
> Profits: $14.2 billion
> Sales: $147.3 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: -40.57%
> Size: 3rd largest in the world America’s largest, and most iconic electronics corporation, General Electric has made somewhat of a comeback on the innovation front in the past few years. GE finally returned to the top 10 patent earners in 2012 for the first time since 2002, after being 11th in 2011. The company appears to have gained ground in innovation in alternative energy vehicles and products. According to Business Green, GE was awarded the second-most patents last year for alternative energy patents, including solar energy, fuel cells and wind energy production. 8. Hon Hai Precision Industry Co.
> 2012 patent grants: 2,013
> Country: Taiwan
> Profits: $2.6 billion
> Sales: $102.6 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: -51.58%
> Size: 156th largest in the world Hon Hai Precision, better known by most Americans by its trade name, Foxconn, is the largest company in Taiwan with over $100 million in sales in 2012. The company increased its patent grants by 33% in 2012, moving it from ninth in patent awards in 2011 to eighth in 2012. At the end of last year, the company further added to its portfolio, buying the flat panel patent inventory of fellow display company NEC for the equivalent of $122 million. While the company has been awarded more patents, its shares fell by more than 10% in the past year. 7. Toshiba
> 2012 patent grants: 2,447
> Country: Japan
> Profits: $1.7 billion
> Sales: $77.0 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: -57.4%
> Size: 205th largest in the world Toshiba, another Japanese tech company, produces a wide variety of products, which may help explain why it was granted nearly 2,500 patents last year. Included in its product line are consumer electronics such as televisions, phones, and laptop computers, networking components, and even medical equipment like X-ray machines. The company has apparently been innovating heavily in photography components, developing compact flash devices and other chips for major photography companies such as Nikon. Shares are down by well over 50% in the past five years. 6. Microsoft Corp.
> 2012 patent grants: 2,613
> Country: United States
> Profits: $17.0 billion
> Sales: $73.7 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: -26.7%
> Size: 42nd largest in the world Microsoft’s innovation has struggled the past few years. The total patents the company received has increased by about 300 last year, but this comes after major drop-off in 2011 that caused it to be surpassed by Japanese companies Canon, Panasonic and Toshiba. Like last year, it remains the sixth-biggest patent earner in the world, and the second biggest in the U.S. The company’s stock has underperformed the market, and is down more than 15% since March. Motorola Mobility, which is owned by Google, just dropped litigation it had pending against Microsoft, after claiming the company had infringed on two patents to make the Xbox. 5. Panasonic Corp.
> 2012 patent grants: 2,769
> Country: Japan
> Profits: $0.9 billion
> Sales: $104.6 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: -76.1%
> Size: 224th largest in the world Panasonic produces a range of consumer electronics, but is well-known for its televisions, cameras, and batteries. Other products it manufactures include avionics, tablets, and kitchen appliances. At the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas this week, Panasonic unveiled a new, large-screen tablet PC. While the company remains innovative, it has been barely profitable. Shares are down more than 75% in the past five years. 4. Sony Corp.
> 2012 patent grants: 3,032
> Country: Japan
> Profits: $ -5.5 billion
> Sales: $78.9 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: -79.5%
> Size: 477th largest in the world Sony remains one of the most recognizable consumer electronics brands in the world, producing innovative products in television, audio, and gaming for years. In 2011, the company was awarded 2,286 patents. In 2012, that number increased by 33% to over 3,000, moving the company from seventh to fourth among the most innovative companies. According to IFI, this is actually an undercount because Sony files for patents under multiple divisions. Company shares are down nearly 80% in the past five years and roughly 40% in the past year alone. In the last reported fiscal year, the company lost more than $5.5 billion. 3. Canon
> 2012 patent grants: 3,174
> Country: Japan
> Profits: $3.2 billion
> Sales: $46.2 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: -33.5%
> Size: 149th largest in the world Canon has already slipped eight places in the Forbes 2000 list of the world’s largest companies, and it may be facing further headwinds in the future. While sales totaled $46.2 billion in 2011, that is expected to decline to $42.9 billion in 2012, and to $44.5 billion in 2013, according to a survey of analysts polled by Thomson Reuters. Canon has struggled in recent years due to its longtime emphasis on low-to-no growth fields such as digital cameras and printers. Yet the company continues to churn out products in those fields, hoping to turn things around. At CES on Monday, the company introduced two imageCLASS printers targeted to the small and medium business markets as well as new PowerShot cameras. 2. Samsung Electronics
> 2012 patent grants: 5,081
> Country: South Korea
> Profits: $11.5 billion
> Sales: $142.4 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: 190.5%
> Size: 26th largest in the world While it is known primarily as a consumer electronics company, Samsung has a hand in nearly every consumer product category imaginable, from chemicals to semiconductors. Unlike most of the other companies on our list, Samsung has been performing well of late, partly due to the success of its mobile phone business. The company released 37 phones last year, including the extremely successful Galaxy S3. Shares of the company on the Korean Stock Exchange are up by more than 190% in the past five years, and by more than 60% in the past year. Awarded patents for the company are up by nearly 4% this year, but since 2005, total awarded patents have roughly doubled. At the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Samsung debuted a new flexible OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) screen, the first of its kind. 1. International Business Machines Corp.
> 2012 patent grants: 6,478
> Country: United States
> Profits: $15.9 billion
> Sales: $106.9 billion
> 5-yr. stock price change: 90.1%
> Size: 32nd largest in the world For the 20th year in a row, IBM has produced more patents than any other company in the world. As IBM has gained patents, it has also sold many off. In March of 2012, IBM sold to Facebook 750 patents, allowing the social media company to bolster its intellectual property before its initial public offering. Back in 2010, the company sold about 1,000 patents to Google. Standard & Poor’s expects IBM to announce a full-year sales decline of 2.5% for 2012 partly because of a decline in hardware sales in the past four quarters. However, S&P expects sales to bounce back by 2.5% in 2013 due to continued growth in emerging markets. 链接： 复制猫是不是醒的太晚了点 链接： -
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