2024-06-14 National Cucumber Day

【I Am A Shepherd (Sou um guardador de rebanhos)】

Fernando Pessoa (1888-1935)

        I am a shepherd.

        The sheep are my thoughts

        And all my thoughts and sensations.

        I think with my eyes and ears,

        My feet and hands

        My nose and mouth.

        To think of a flower is to see it and smell it,

        And to eat a fruit is to know its meaning.

        And so, on a very hot day,

        Sad at enjoying it so much,

        I lie flat in the grass,

        I close my hot eyelids,

        I feel my body, lying down in reality,

        I recognize the truth, and I'm happy.

—— • —— • —— • —— • —— • —— • —— • ——

【《我是牧羊人》】

(葡萄牙)費爾南多·佩索阿“旅行者·角色”

(1888生—1935卒)

【紅霞譯】

                我是牧羊人。

                羊群是我的思想

                而我的思想發自感官認知。

                我用眼睛耳朵思考

                還有手腳 

                鼻子嘴巴。

                思考花就得聞看，

                吃水果則要品味。

                因此酷日的天氣，

                我喜極而泣。

                躺在草地上，

                閉上熱昏的雙眼，

                感覺置身現實，

                認識真理讓我快活不已。

【注】素有葡萄牙搖籃之稱的吉馬良斯“名望”城，與12世紀葡萄牙民族的興起息息相關。1128年，年輕的阿方索·恩里克斯“尊貴·領主”(Afonso Henriques)在這裡率領葡萄牙貴族，擊敗了其母親的軍隊，為葡萄牙的獨立奠定了基礎。而這位葡萄牙的第一任國王，據說於1110年便出生在這座古城之中——吉馬良斯，不僅是國家的搖籃，更是國王的故鄉。

古城的北部，矗立着那座見證了無數歷史時刻的城堡。它始建於10世紀，後經多次擴建，成為葡萄牙最著名的中世紀堡壘之一。厚重的花崗岩城牆，依然守衛着千年的秘密。而南部則是修道院建築群，那些幽深的迴廊、肅穆的教堂，曾是多少修士祈禱與抄經的地方。城堡與修道院，一武一文，一攻一守，共同構成了吉馬良斯的歷史核心。這些歷史遺址保存完好，反映出中世紀定居點向現代城鎮的演變——從防禦工事到宗教建築，從貴族宅邸到平民住宅，每一塊石頭都在訴說着時間的流逝。

漫步在吉馬良斯的老街上，最引人注目的是一種獨特的建築類型：底層為花崗岩，上層為半木結構。這種建築方式，既堅固耐用，又靈活多變。花崗岩的底層，可以抵禦潮濕和蟲蛀；而木結構的上層，則可以自由地開窗、挑出，增加居住空間。這種建築風格主要基於15至19世紀持續使用傳統建築材料和技術工藝，並隨着葡萄牙的航海擴張，被推廣到非洲和新大陸的殖民地。在巴西的薩爾瓦多、在安哥拉的羅安達，都能見到吉馬良斯建築的影子——葡萄牙的建築語言，隨着帝國的擴張，傳遍了整個世界。

站在吉馬良斯的城堡上，俯瞰整座古城，那些紅色的屋頂、白色的牆壁、花崗岩的街道，在陽光下閃閃發光。我忽然想起那句葡萄牙的諺語：“在吉馬良斯出生，在葡萄牙長大。”這座小城，不僅是葡萄牙的搖籃，更是葡萄牙的靈魂。

2001年，吉馬良斯被聯合國教科文組織列為《世界遺產名錄》。

Today in History(歷史上的今天):

2024: Braga, the Religious Ctr of Portugal(葡萄牙布拉加·全國宗教中心)

2024: Sé de Braga, Portugal(葡萄牙布拉加·最古老的馬褲城大教堂)

2024: Bom Jesus do Monte in Braga, Portugal(葡萄牙布拉加·山上好耶穌)

2015: Archaeological Site of Pompeii, Italy(意大利龐貝古城)

2015: Lemons in Capri, Italy(意大利卡普里·山羊島的檸檬)

2012: Descriptive─Fables(想象文─童話故事)

Gardens & Fountain in Front of Santos Passos Holy Steps Church @ Fair Field 

(美麗曠野·聖帕索斯“階梯”教堂前花園與噴泉)

Santos Passos Church Portuguese Baroque w/ Rococo Influences in 1767-1785

(聖帕索斯教堂·葡萄牙巴洛克“不規則形狀”風格，深受1767-1785年洛可可“花哨”風格影響)

Convento de Santo António dos Capuchos w/ the Cloisters &  the High Choir

(聖安東尼·卡普齊納修“無價·修士”修道院、迴廊及後殿)

Statue of Afonso Henriques the 1^st King of Portugal in the Old City Center

(老城中心葡萄牙第一任國王的雕像《阿方索·恩里克斯》)

Palace of the Dukes of Braganza w/ the Main Entrance & Ramp Showing the 2 Floors & Entrance

(布拉干薩“馬褲”公爵宮·兩層樓的主入口和坡道)

Front Façade of the Palace w/ Its Main Gate of Palace of the Dukes of Braganza

(布拉干薩公爵宮·宮殿正門)

Courtyard @ Palace of the Dukes of Braganza

(布拉干薩公爵宮·庭院)

Guimarães Castle Built in the 10^th Century to Defend the Monastery from Attacks by Moors & Norsemen

(吉馬良斯城堡·建於10世紀，用於保護修道院免受摩爾“阿拉伯”人和北歐人的攻擊)

Entrance to Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church Renowned for Its Distinctive Baroque Style w/ Rococo Influences Evident in Certain Elements Built in 1704

(卡梅爾“神園”山聖母教堂大門·建於1704年，以其獨特的巴洛克風格而聞名，某些建築元素明顯受到洛可可風格的影響)

Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church w/ a Stone Arch Enriched by 2 Side Altars

(卡梅爾山聖母教堂·設有石拱門，兩側有祭壇)

Our Lady of Mt. Carmel then & Santa Estefania Home now

(卡梅爾山聖母教堂·現為王冠聖人之家)

Santa Estefania Home, a Religious Institution as a Children's Home

(聖埃斯特法尼亞“王冠”之家·實為宗教機構兼兒童之家)

Entrance to the Lar de Santa Estefania, Former Convento do Carmo

(聖埃斯特法尼亞之家入口·前卡莫“神園”女修道院)

Our Lady Azulejos Tile Panel @ Chapel of the Virgin Mary

(聖母禮拜堂·葡式瓷磚面飾)

Jardim do Carmo (卡莫庭院)

City Council, Former Antigo Convento de Santa Clara Monastery Blending Between Manueline and Renaissance Styles Found in 1560

(市議會·建於1560年，原為光明聖徒修道院古時女修道院，融合曼努埃爾“葡萄牙後期哥特式”風格和文藝復興風格)

Rua de Santa Maria (聖母街)

Arch over Calle Santa María (聖母街拱門)

Medieval Bldgs on the Baroque Street toward Santiago Square

(通往後繼聖徒廣場巴洛克式街道的中世紀建築)

Aparthotel Largo da Oliveira w/ a Ground Floor Granite & a Half-Timbered Structure

(橄欖樹廣場公寓酒店·底層為花崗岩、上層為半木結構)

Oliveira Square, Victory of Portugal Symbolized for the Battle of Río Salado

(橄欖樹廣場·標誌葡萄牙勝利的紀念碑《鹽河戰役》06-14-2024)

Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira，a Collegiate Church

(橄欖樹聖母大教堂·置有牧師會的教堂)

Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira Found in the 14^th Century

(橄欖樹聖母大教堂·建於14世紀)

Bell Tower w/ Manueline Features @ Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira

(橄欖樹聖母大教堂·帶有葡萄牙後期哥特式鐘樓)

Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira in an Austere & Purely Gothic Style

(樸素、純哥特式風格的橄欖樹聖母大教堂)

Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira w/ the Cloister & the Portal the Chapter Hall, a Work of Excellent Constructive Technique

(橄欖樹聖母大教堂·迴廊及進入主教座堂全體教士廳的大門，建築工藝精湛 06-14-2024)

Testimony to Portugal's Finest Romanesque-Mudéjar Ensemble @ Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira

(橄欖樹聖母大教堂·葡萄牙最好的羅馬式穆德哈爾“屈服”的建築見證)

Pipe Organ @ Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira

(橄欖樹聖母大教堂·管風琴)

Romanesque Chancel w/ Side Chapels Adorned in Colorful Motifs @ Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira

(橄欖樹聖母大教堂·羅馬式聖壇，配以多彩圖案裝飾的小禮拜堂)

Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira w/ Altarpiece of the High Altar Dating from the 2^nd Half of the 18^th Century

(橄欖樹聖母大教堂·主祭壇畫可追溯至18世紀下半葉)

Portable Pedal Organ by Estey Organ Co @ Cathedral of Our Lady Oliveira

(橄欖樹聖母大教堂·東居留地風琴公司生產的便攜式踏板風琴)

Torre dos Almadas, the Surviving Section of a Very Large House Built Most Probably in the 16^th Century on the Left

(阿爾馬達“礦井”塔·最左邊一棟很可能建於16世紀的大房子倖存部分)

Rua Rainha Dona Maria II

(賴尼亞·多納·瑪麗亞“女王·貴婦·摯愛”二世大街)

Chapel of St Michael the Angel & St Crispim w/ the Current Facade Dating from 1852 Containing Archaic Features, Still of Rococo

(神似天使長教堂和捲毛聖徒教堂·目前的正面可追溯至1852年，包含古老的特徵，仍為洛可可風格)

Chapel of St Michael the Angel & St Crispim w/ Two 19^th-Century Angle Altarpieces  & the Chancel w/ Wooden Roof in an Open Skylight

(神似天使長教堂和捲毛聖徒教堂·配有兩件19世紀天使祭壇畫，以及帶有開放式天窗的木製屋頂聖壇)

Misericórdia Church w/ Plain Walls Embellished by Gilded Carde Features around Religious Icons

(慈悲教堂·牆壁樸素，裝飾有鍍金卡片，周圍環繞着宗教聖像)

Façade of Misericórdia Church (慈悲教堂·正面觀)

Misericórdia Church, Main Altarpiece & the 18^th Century Pulpits w/ a Single, a Barrel-Vaulted Nave, & Rectangular Chancel

(慈悲教堂·主祭壇和18世紀的講壇配有單層、桶形拱頂中殿和矩形聖壇)

Iberian Organ @ Misericórdia Church

(慈悲教堂·伊比利亞“西班牙/葡萄牙半島”風琴)

Chapel of the Steps of the Passion of Christ @ Misericórdia Square

(慈悲廣場·基督受難聖步禮拜堂)

Chapel of the Steps of the Passion of Christ w/ Jesus Stripped of His Clothes

(基督受難聖步禮拜堂·耶穌被脫去衣服)

Misericórdia Church w/ Plain Walls Embellished in Gilded Carde Features around Religious Icons

(慈悲教堂·牆壁樸素，裝飾有鍍金卡片，周圍環繞着宗教聖像)

Casa Mota-Prego Built in 1500s

(建於16世紀的莫塔—普雷戈“土堆·釘子”之家)

Misericórdia Square Starting a Maze of Alleys Leading to Picturesque Squares Surrounded by Bldgs of the 14^th Century

(慈悲廣場·迷宮般的小巷通向風景如畫的廣場，周圍環繞着14世紀的建築)

Monument to Joao Franco, Politician $ Prime Minister of Portugal in 1906

(《若昂·弗朗哥“神慈·自由人”》紀念碑——1906年任葡萄牙總理的政治家)

Entrance to Palace Santiago or Museum Alberto Sampaio

(舊時聖地亞哥“後繼者”皇宮·現為阿爾貝托·桑帕約“光明·雙聖”博物館)

Ristorante nella Media (普通餐廳)

Medieval Palace @ Rua Dr. António Mota Prego

(以著名政治家和律師安東尼·莫塔·普雷戈命名的街道·中世紀宮殿)

Praça De São Tiago or Saint James Square

(聖詹姆斯“後繼者”廣場)

Museu Arqueológico Martins Sarmento

(戰神·射擊考古博物館)

Postsigns (路標)

 Ceramic Woman and a Girl Meticulously Molded from Premium Clay & Crafted Using Traditional Glazing Methods

(陶彩《母女》·採用優質粘土精心模製而成)

Traditional Bakery (傳統糕點)

Crosslinks(相關博文):

Portugal(出遊葡萄牙)

Europe(歐洲掠影)