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巴拿马运河(Panama Canal) 2011-11-16 04:25:21

2009-01-28

Panama Canal0001.JPG

        记得小的时候,因为“文革运动”,父母分居两地,我借助寒暑假探亲之际,经常穿梭于京津济徐宁杭一带,所以对世界上里程最长、工程最大、历史最久的运河之一京杭大运河早有见识。大学以后,我远离家乡独自一人在外读书,更加频繁往返京宁一线,去探望终于定居南京的父母。有一年暑假,我索性与正在念初中的妹妹搭伴,一起从北京出发,先后穿过天津直辖市、河北、山东、江苏、浙江四省,第一次实地领略贯通海河、黄河、淮河、长江、钱塘江五大水系的京杭大运河。遗憾的是,当时正值上个世纪80年代,全国上下百废待兴,政府除了重视运河沿岸的粮、棉、油、蚕桑、麻产区之外,对运河的开发和使用并没有太多行之有效的管理措施,因此古代有关运河“渔歌飘渺飞檐外,帆影参差玉浪中”的美貌容颜,早已无处追寻。

        没想到时隔廿多年的今天,我会带上自己将要六岁的孩子,共同横穿巴拿马地峡,亲自饱览号称世界七大工程奇迹【注】之首的“世界桥梁”──巴拿马运河。

        巴拿马共和国地处中美洲,地理位置接近赤道,一年仅分旱、雨两季。严格说来,不下雨的季节极其短暂,从十二月开始到来年二、三月份结束,绝对是旅游的黄金时段;剩下的大部头日子几乎阴雨连绵,天气异常闷热潮湿,蚊子更加肆无忌惮,过去这一带曾是黄热病的高发地区。其实对过惯干燥寒冷气候的我们而言,即使一月份不下雨,仍不免满脸潮红,常常有透不过气的感觉。一路好动的孩子更像武圣关羽,面如重枣,唇若涂脂。

        巴拿马运河实为水闸式运河,是世界上仅次于京杭大运河的第二长运河(48英哩/77公里)。因为连接太平洋和大西洋,它与连接地中海和红海之间的苏伊士运河同属全球最具经济意义、最有战略地位的两条人工水道。可以说,身为邻家的美利坚合众国是开凿巴拿马运河直接获益者。通航以后,美国东西海岸相互串门的船只,不必再兜上一大圈子非得绕道南美洲底端智利南部合恩角不可,大大缩短了航运行程,既省时又省力。难怪美国一开始就不遗余力投资兴建,正如以下这则意味深长、带有迴文结构的广告中所说:“人、规划、运河—巴拿马(A man, a plan, a canal- Panama)”!的确,贤人的远见和胆识成就了巴拿马运河。

        为了确保自身利益不受损失,美国甚至在两岸进出关口重重设防,动用军队认真把守,最终换取无偿使用运河长达近一个世纪(1914-1999)!美国撤兵后,这些占地面广设施齐全的营区一直处在闲置状态,不过我们一眼就能辨认出其与众不同的景观。听当地导游说,早已过惯了殖民性优裕生活的平民百姓依旧十分怀恋过去享受富佬物资补济的大好岁月,尤其当巴拿马政府独立掌控运河命运以后、国民收入持续下降的时候。

        为了游览巴拿马运河全程,我们从靠近加勒比海大西洋一侧的科隆改乘运河游船,由北向南朝太平洋方向行驶。好在游客优先,我们仅需八小时就可以顺利抵达距离首都巴拿马城不远的终点站美谷港。

        巴拿马运河的商业气息很浓,每天都有挂着各种各样国旗的货轮从这里穿行。运河周围的生态单一,除了低矮的热带雨林之外,人工围造的湖泊时有海鸥水鸟飞来飞去;巴拿马国鸟神鹰偶尔会俯冲到我们跟前,算作打一个照面。我们发现,印有汉字的中国商船比比皆是,尤其来自香港的货轮一个接着一个,大有垄断整个航线之势。

        加通湖(Gatun Lake)是巴拿马运河最大的人工湖,其水位高出海平面85英尺/26米。幼犬湖(Lake Madden)如同运河的储备水库,汛期到来之际,雨水越积越多,自然而然变成加通湖取之不尽用之不竭的源泉。查格雷斯河(Chagres River)上有三个水坝,一方面可以控制河水流量,另一方面还能进行水利发电和水利调节,为运河水闸提供充足的水源。   

      大西洋和太平洋的海平面应该相差无几,但由于两岸地形差异,导致潮汐有很大不同,因此水闸的引入对于穿越两个洋面的船只至关重要。加通、花景(Miraflores Lock)、神石(Pedro Miguel Lock)等三座水闸在电动牵引机的带领下,慢慢将船只升高或者降低至海平面,这样过往船只才能借助运河水道,从海洋的一端驶向另一端。到目前为止,每一个水闸前后仅有1,000英尺(305米),所以任何船只身长都得把握尺度,容不得越雷池一寸。

        甲板人工渠(Gaillard Cut),即蛇口(Culebra Cut)始于运河最窄处的柑橘(Gamboa),尔后穿过北美大陆分水岭。加通湖和幼犬湖北上流入大西洋,花景湖则南下汇进太平洋,泾渭分明。

        无论从大西洋或太平洋哪个方向进入巴拿马运河,据说一次通行费需要事先付清20万美元,而且只收现金!怪不得我们观光巴拿马运河的票价贵得要死,听起来跟天价差不多。

【注】所谓世界七大工程,指的是巴拿马运河、纽约的帝国大厦、旧金山的金门大桥、多伦多的加拿大国家电视塔、巴西的响石大坝和英法海底隧道。 

Today in History(历史上的今天):

2008: 圣托马斯岛—加勒比海门户(Carribean Gateway, Saint Thomas)


The Man-Made Gatun Lake (加通人工湖)


Lighthouse above Lake Gatun (加通河上灯塔)


River Chagres (查格里斯河)


Lake Madden (疯狂河)


Gatun Chamber (加通闸室)


Swing Bridges @ Pedro Miguel Locks 

(神石闸门—平转桥)

01-28-09_ Opened Pedro Migule Locks-10001.JPG


Opened Pedro Miguel Locks (神石闸门开启 01-28-2009)


Pedro Miguel Locks (神石闸)



Miraflores Locks (花景水闸)

01-28-09_ Panama Canal Miraflores Locks-20001.JPG


Miraflores Chamber (花景闸室 01-28-2009)


Centennial Bridge across the Culebra Cut (横跨蛇口的世纪大桥)

01-22-09_ 3600001.JPG

Centennial Bridge, the 2nd Road Bridge over Panama Canal

(世纪大桥·巴拿马运河上第二座公路桥 01-28-2009)


Culebra Cut, An Artificial Valley through the Continental Divide in Panama 

(蛇口·北美大陆分水岭上人工峡谷)

01-28-09_ Hong Kong Cargo0001.JPG

Hong Kong Cargo through Panama Canal

(香港货船航行在巴拿马运河 01-28-2009)

01-28-09_ Pacific Side of Panama Canal0001.JPG


Pacific Side of Panama Canal (巴拿马运河太平洋一侧 01-28-2009)


Bridge of the Americas, the 1st Road Bridge in Panama Canal

(美洲大桥·巴拿马运河第一座公路桥)



The Mast of Bridge of the Americas (美洲大桥·铁架)

Bridge of the Americas under (美洲大桥·底层)


Ferry Running over Panama Canal (巴拿马运河上渡轮)



Taboga Island in the Pacific Ocean (太平洋上多鱼岛)



Balboa Harbor (美谷港)


Panama City, the Capital in Haze (雾霾下首都巴拿马城)


Harpy Eagle (美洲角雕)

01-28-09_ Colon Port0001.JPG

El Tamborito @ Colon Port (科隆港·巴拿马民间小鼓舞蹈)

Crosslinks(相关博文):

航游加勒比海(Carribean)

学前班(Kindergarten)

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· Dimitrie Gusti Natl Village Mu
· Ceausescu's Dictatorship,
【Greece(欧洲希腊'2015-18)】
· Katakolon—Traditional Dishes,
· Olympia the Promised Land, GRC
· Olympia─Home of the Gods, GRC(
· Cape Sounion—Temple of Poseido
· Rhodes—Grand Master of the Kni
· Rhodes—Acropolis of Lindos, Gr
· Cycladic Mykonos, Greece(希腊
· Delos─Apollo and Artemis, Gree
· New Monastery of Khios, Greece
· Homer's Stone on Khios, G
【Italy(欧洲意大利'2015-18)】
· Livorno Port, Italy(意大利力康
· Florence—Ponte Vecchio over Ar
· Florence the City of Lillies,
· Florence—Public Arts, Italy(意
· Florence—Piazza della Signoria
· Florence—Piazza del Duomo, Ita
· Florence—Santa Croce, Italy(意
· Pisa—Home to Galileo, Italy(意
· Pisa the Leaning Tower, Italy(
· Civitavecchia the Port of Rome
【Europe(欧洲掠影'2015-18)】
· Port of Barcelona, Spain(西班
· Barcelona—Public Arts, Spain(
· Barcelona—Emblematic Thoroughf
· Barcelona the City of Gaudi, S
· Barcelona—Gaudi's 7 Maste
· Barcelona the City of Counts,
· Toulon—Cruise Farewell Feast,
· Toulon—Major Naval Base, Franc
· Marseilleveyre Massif, France(
· Aix-en-Provence the Waters of
【Mexico(中美洲墨西哥'2014)】
· Farewell to Riviera Maya, Mexi
· Tulum Mayan Ruins, Mexico(墨西
· Chichen Itza Mayan Ruins, Mexi
· Cancun Getaway, Mexico(墨西哥
· Cozumel, Mexico(墨西哥燕岛)
【Botswana(非洲博茨瓦纳'201】
· Wild Mania Safari, Botswana(游
· Chobe NP, Botswana(博茨瓦纳巨
【South Africa(非洲南非'201】
· Nothing like Johannesburg, SA(
· Cape Town the Legislative Capi
· From Indian to Atlantic Ocean,
· Safari in Tala Game Reserve, S
· Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park
【Mozambique(非洲莫桑比克'2】
· Maputo Eccentric Elephant Fetu
· New Year's Day on Mozambi
· New Year's Eve on Mozambi
【Tanzania(非洲坦桑尼亚'201】
· Safari in Selous Game Reserve,
· Stone Town of Zanzibar, Tanzan
【Maldives(亚洲马尔代夫'201】
· Malé Atoll, Maldives(马尔代夫
· Submarine in Male, Maldives(马
【India(亚洲印度'2013)】
· Easy Fishing in Cochin, India(
· Hindu in Mangalore, India(印度
· God's Power of Goa, India
· Elephanta Caves, India(印度象
· Potpourris in Mumbai, India(印
· 印度签证(Indian Visa)
【UAE(中东阿联酋'2013)】
· Rub Al Khali Desert Safari, UA
· Golden Frenzy in Sharjah, UAE(
· Top of the World, Dubai, UAE(
· Grand Mosque in Abu Dhabi, UAE
· First Day in UAE(初到阿联酋)
【Asia(静观亚洲'2013-19)】
· Beijing—Last Day in Hometown,
· Cheng Mansion Banquet, China(
· Nanjing—Ever Cry, Never Life(
· Suzhou Museum by I.M. Pei, Chi
· Suzhou Shantang Hist & Cul
· Suzhou Cold Hill Temple, China
· Suzhou Tiger Hill, China(苏州
· Suzhou—Pan Gate Scenic Area, C
· Suzhou—Venice of the East, Chi
· Suzhou—Lion Grove Garden, Chin
【Indian Ocean(穿越印度洋'1】
· Home Sweet Home(印度洋旅游归来
· Nothing like Johannesburg, SA(
· Wild Mania Safari, Botswana(游
· Chobe NP, Botswana(博茨瓦纳巨
· Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe(津巴
· Cape Town the Legislative Capi
· From Indian to Atlantic Ocean,
· Safari in Tala Game Reserve, S
· Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park
· Maputo Eccentric Elephant Fetu
【Ecuador(南美洲厄瓜多尔'20】
· Santa Cruz Island, Ecuador(厄
· Kicker Rock/Witch Hill, Ecuado
· Frigatebird Hill, Ecuador(厄瓜
· N.Seymour, Ecuador(厄瓜多尔北
· Bachas Beach, Ecuador(厄瓜多尔
· Bartolome Island, Ecuador(厄瓜
· Sullivan Bay of Santiago Is, E
· Isabella Island, Ecuador(厄瓜
· Rabida Island, Ecuador(厄瓜多
· James Bay of Santiago Is, Ecua
【Brazil(南美洲巴西'2013)】
· Rio de Janeiro—Carnival City,
· Rio de Janeiro the Marvellous
· Capital Brasilia, Brazil(巴西
· Break in Brazil(巴西旅途间隙)
· Iguazu Falls, Brazil(巴西伊瓜
【Argentina(南美洲阿根廷'20】
· Iguazu NP, Argentina(阿根廷伊
· Buenos Aires—S. American Paris
· Buenos Aires—Fair Winds, Argen
· Buenos Aires—Good Airs, Argent
· Puerto Madryn the Diving Capit
· New Year's Eve @ Sea, Arg
· Malvinas/Falkland Is(马尔维纳
· Glacier Alley & Ushuaia, C
【Chile(南美洲智利'2012)】
· Cape Horn the Furious Fifties,
· Glacier Alley & Ushuaia, C
· Antarctic Dream(南极梦)
· Amalia Tidewater Glacier, Chil
· Puerto Montt the Fujiyama City
· Valparaiso the Pacific Jewel,
· Vina Del Mar the Garden City,
· Santiago—City of the Island, C
· Capital Santiago, Chile(智利首
· Easter Island—Moai Statues, Ch
【S.America(漂流南美洲'2012】
· Santa Cruz Island, Ecuador(厄
· Kicker Rock/Witch Hill, Ecuado
· Frigatebird Hill, Ecuador(厄瓜
· N.Seymour, Ecuador(厄瓜多尔北
· Bachas Beach, Ecuador(厄瓜多尔
· Bartolome Island, Ecuador(厄瓜
· Sullivan Bay of Santiago Is, E
· Isabella Island, Ecuador(厄瓜
· Rabida Island, Ecuador(厄瓜多
· James Bay of Santiago Is, Ecua
【非洲埃及(Egypt'2011)】
· 埃及首都开罗(Capital Cairo, Eg
· 埃及感谢城—红海度假胜地(Hurgha
· 埃及香水文化(Egyptian Perfume)
· 埃及最大的卢克索神殿(Luxor the
· 埃及最老的卡纳克神殿(Karnak th
· 埃及哈布城神殿祭庙(Medinet Hab
· 埃及热气球空游底比斯(Hot-Air B
· 埃及尼罗河游轮(Cruising on the
· 埃及金城二神庙(Temple of Kom O
· 埃及阿布辛贝双神庙(Twin Temple
【Africa(漫游非洲'2011-14)】
· Nothing like Johannesburg, SA(
· Wild Mania Safari, Botswana(游
· Chobe NP, Botswana(博茨瓦纳巨
· Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe(津巴
· Cape Town the Legislative Capi
· From Indian to Atlantic Ocean,
· Safari in Tala Game Reserve, S
· Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park
· Maputo Eccentric Elephant Fetu
· New Year's Day on Mozambi
【大洋洲澳大利亚(Australia'】
· 澳洲蓝山国家公园和高山岩洞(Blu
· 澳洲商业中心悉尼(Sydney, Austr
· 澳洲艾尔斯财富继承人巨石(Ayers
· 澳洲大洋路(Great Ocean Rd, Aus
· 澳洲墨尔本—文学城(Melbourne—UN
· 相约澳洲首都堪培拉(Reunion in
· 澳洲仙企鹅游行(Fairy Penguin P
· 澳洲塔斯马尼亚荒原(Tasmanian W
· 骑在羊背上的国家(Riding on She
【大洋洲新西兰(New Zealand'】
· 新西兰峡湾国家公园(Fiordland N
· 新西兰达尼丁—文学城(Dunedin—UN
· 新西兰达尼丁一南方的爱丁堡(Dun
· 新西兰基督城—花园之城(Christch
· 新西兰首都惠灵顿—风城(Capital
· 新西兰圣水地热奇境(Waiotapu Th
· 新西兰第二湖市—硫磺之城(Rotoru
· 新西兰陶波湖区(Lake Taupo, NZ)
· 新西兰萤火虫水洞(Waitomo Gloww
· 新西兰奥克兰异乡重逢(Reunion i
【横渡大洋洲(Oceania'2009-1】
· 澳洲蓝山国家公园和高山岩洞(Blu
· 澳洲商业中心悉尼(Sydney, Austr
· 澳洲艾尔斯财富继承人巨石(Ayers
· 澳洲大洋路(Great Ocean Rd, Aus
· 澳洲墨尔本—文学城(Melbourne—UN
· 相约澳洲首都堪培拉(Reunion in
· 澳洲仙企鹅游行(Fairy Penguin P
· 澳洲塔斯马尼亚荒原(Tasmanian W
· 骑在羊背上的国家(Riding on She
· 新西兰峡湾国家公园(Fiordland N
【Caribbean(航游加勒比海'20】
· Farewell to Riviera Maya, Mexi
· Tulum Mayan Ruins, Mexico(墨西
· Chichen Itza Mayan Ruins, Mexi
· Cancun Getaway, Mexico(墨西哥
· Punchliner on Carnival(嘉年华·
· Sandbar—Offshore Bar, Grand Ca
· Roatán the Coral Reef, Hondura
· Water Caye—Barrier Reef, Beliz
· Cozumel, Mexico(墨西哥燕岛)
· Scavenger Hunt at Sea(海上寻宝
【夏威夷(Hawaii'2007)】
· 游轮的日子(Cruising on Pride o
· 家园州火神岛—相聚之岛(Oahu the
· 家园州可爱岛—花园之岛(Kauai th
· 花园州茂宜岛—火神之岛(Maui, Go
· 家园州大岛(Hawaii the Big Isla
· 出游契机(Excuse)
【Junior(大学三年级'2023-24】
· 1-Michelin-Starred Gramercy Ta
· One-Michelin-Starred Estela, N
· Snow Pleasure of the Fleeting
· Convivial Lunches in Holiday S
· Reunion of GHCS Class 2017, PA
· Chinatown & Little Italy,
· 2023 Thanksgiving @ CGCC, PA(
· Turkey Day @ Jumbo Seafood Buf
· Little Fujian in Manhattan Enc
· Manhattan-Brooklyn Bridges, NY
【Sophomore(大学二年级'2022】
· Quiet Quitting for Summer Brea
· Cost of a Couch Potato(躺平的
· House Interior Painting(粉刷房
· Juneteenth Weekend Dined @ Nec
· Move in East Village for Inter
· Memorial Luncheon @ Legal Sea
· Welcome Home Lunch @ China Gou
· NYU Sophomore Move-out Day, NY
· Godspeed Sophomore Spring Brea
· Spring Break—Open to the Whole
【Freshman(大学一年级'2021-】
· Freshman Yr @ Washington Sq, N
· NYU Freshman Move-out Day, NYC
· Godspeed Spring Break in Newar
· Hazy Shade of Winter in Jr. Sp
· Back-to-School Day in Newark,
· 1st Snowflakes on 5-Bean Day(
· Liberty State Park, NJ(新州自
· Wandering in Seaport, NYC(纽约
· A Flyaway Kite on NYU Move-in
【12th Grade(高中四年级'202】
· 2021 NPHS Commencement Ceremon
· NPHS Class of 2021 Senior Clas
· The Progressive Tiger(老虎在进
· Thank-You Note to a History Te
· Thank-You Note to an English T
· Sr. Prom for Class of 2021(202
· Special Talents(特殊才能)
· Shape Perspective & Identi
· Intellectual & Academic In
· How to Use College Education(
【11th Grade(高中三年级'201】
· Uniqueness(杂谈与众不同)
· Book Report—A Deep Dive into a
· Dead Dog in the Street(街头死
· Film Criticism—Webs of Intrica
· Film Criticism—Character Movie
· Brains in Comedy(幽默思维)
· The Graveyard(归宿)
· 2020 Free Summer English Writi
· Poem—What’s in the Closet?(诗
· An Attempt on Leadership(初试
【10th Grade(高中二年级'201】
· Beijing—Last Day in Hometown,
· Cheng Mansion Banquet, China(
· Nanjing—Ever Cry, Never Life(
· Suzhou Museum by I.M. Pei, Chi
· Suzhou Shantang Hist & Cul
· Suzhou Cold Hill Temple, China
· Suzhou Tiger Hill, China(苏州
· Suzhou—Pan Gate Scenic Area, C
· Suzhou—Venice of the East, Chi
· Suzhou—Lion Grove Garden, Chin
【9th Grade(高中一年级'2017】
· Beijing—Tong Ren Tang the Trad
· Beijing—Wangfujing the Prosper
· Beijing—Heart for Friendship,
· Nanjing—Brotherly Affection, C
· Shanghai-Nanjing Intercity Rai
· Shanghai the Magic City, China
· Shanghai—Paris of the East, Ch
· Shanghai Bund—Pearl of the Ori
· Shanghai—Starbucks Reserve Roa
· Shanghai—A Bite of Local Cuisi
【8th Grade(初中三年级'2016】
· Alpine Waterfront Towns, Swiss
· Einsiedeln—Abbey & Cheeses
· Alpine Potpourri, Swiss(瑞士白
· Lucerne—Pilatus the Dragon Mtn
· Lucerne—Heart of the Country,
· Lucerne—Salvation through Chri
· Lucerne—Romantic Pearl of Swis
· Lucerne the Mournful Lion, Swi
· Lucerne the Chapel Bridge, Swi
· Lucerne—Variety of Standard, S
【7th Grade(初中二年级'2015】
· 2016 MontCo Youth Field Day(20
· Windsor the Royal Borough, UK(
· Salisbury—Britain's Talle
· Ringwood the Market Town, UK(
· New Forest NP, UK(英格兰新森林
· Woodhenge—Neolithic Calendar,
· Stonehenge the Giant's Ri
· Seine Estuary, France(法国塞纳
· Le Havre the Rebuilt City, Fra
· The Seine in Paris, France(法
【6th Grade(初中一年级'2014】
· Istanbul—Topkapi Palace, Turke
· Istanbul—Gate of Felicity, Tur
· Istanbul Grand Bazaar, Turkey(
· Golden Horn @ Marmara Sea, Tur
· Bosporus Strait the Narrowest(
· Nessebar—Thracian Influence, B
· Constanta the Oldest City, ROU
· Bucharest—La Belle Epoque, Rom
· Bucharest—Balkan Paris, Romani
· Dimitrie Gusti Natl Village Mu
【5th Grade(小学五年级'2013】
· Playdate on Labor Day(劳工节邀
· Labor Day Weekend Bowling(劳工
· Labor Day Weekend Party(劳工节
· GHCS Camp─Last Day(光华夏令营
· GHCS Camp─Spoons Card Game(光
· GHCS Camp─Origami(光华夏令营折
· GHCS Camp─Yo Yo-2(光华夏令营抖
· GHCS Camp─Last Week(光华夏令营
· Reunion w/ Old Friends(老友重
· YMCA Camp─Last Day(基督教青年
【小学四年级(4th Grade'2012】
· 费城自然博物馆(Academy of Natu
· 新草州守卫者谷国家休闲区(Sandy
· 2013年蒙郡青少年野营日(2013 Mo
· 从美国奇幻小说了解中国汉代传说
· 好斗者州开阔湾(Rehoboth Bay, D
· Lavner Video Game Design Camp(
· 从俄国浪漫到革命(From Russian
· 宾之小树林州法国溪流州立公园(F
· Drama Camp-5(戏剧夏令营之五)
· 费城管弦乐团“体育大观”(Sports-
【小学三年级(3rd Grade'2011】
· 巴西签证纽约行(Brazilian Visa,
· 2012年蒙郡青少年野营日(2012 Mo
· 烟囱雨燕驻我家(Chimney Swift)
· 朋友生日聚会(David's B-D
· Tennis Camp(网球夏令营)
· Music Man Jr. Stills(《小音乐
· Music Man Jr(《小音乐人》)
· 水上派对(Pool Party @ Maplewoo
· Camp Report(夏令营简讯)
· Drama Rehearsal(戏剧排练)
【小学二年级(2nd Grade'2010】
· Drama-Sports Camp-5(文体营之五
· Drama-Sports Camp-4(文体营之四
· Drama-Sports Camp-3(文体营之三
· Drama-Sports Camp-2(文体营之二
· Drama-Sports Camp-1(文体营之一
· 二年级戏剧夏令营(Second-Grade
· 业余活动(Extracurricular Activ
· 二年级夏令营(Second-Grade Summ
· 二年级结业典礼(Second Grade Ce
· 胚胎发育学(Embryology)
【小学一年级(1st Grade'2009】
· 澳洲蓝山国家公园和高山岩洞(Blu
· 澳洲商业中心悉尼(Sydney, Austr
· 澳洲艾尔斯财富继承人巨石(Ayers
· 澳洲大洋路(Great Ocean Rd, Aus
· 澳洲墨尔本—文学城(Melbourne—UN
· 相约澳洲首都堪培拉(Reunion in
· 澳洲仙企鹅游行(Fairy Penguin P
· 澳洲塔斯马尼亚荒原(Tasmanian W
· 骑在羊背上的国家(Riding on She
· 新西兰峡湾国家公园(Fiordland N
【学前班(Kindergarten'2008-】
· 牙买加八条河—冒险之都(Ocho Rio
· 哥斯达黎加—奇山异水(Colorful T
· 巴拿马运河(Panama Canal)
· 哥伦比亚卡塔赫纳—魔城(Cartagen
· 阿鲁巴—开心之岛(One Happy Isla
· 花州迈阿密古巴风味(Cuban Cuisi
· 两个星期(夏令营之后开学之前)
· 算术─孩子的花销(Math on Raisin
· 夏令营(Summer Camp)
· 证书奖状奖杯(Awards)
【幼儿班(Preschool'2007-08)】
· 吃在嘉年华·佳运号游轮(Cuisine
· 波多黎各富港—妩媚之岛(Island o
· 多米尼加—水淙石之国(Larimar Do
· 圣基茨和尼维斯火山岛(Volcanic
· 巴巴多斯—盛夏光年(Eternal Summ
· 多米尼克—加勒比天然岛(Nature I
· 双圣徒岛—加勒比海门户(Caribbea
· 游轮的日子(Cruising on Pride o
· 家园州火神岛—相聚之岛(Oahu the
· 家园州可爱岛—花园之岛(Kauai th
【万花筒(Kaleidoscope)】
· 2024 Teachers' Appreciati
· 2024 Loong Year Heralded w/ Au
· Lunar New Year Woodblock Print
· A Well-Sprouted Cardamom w/ Ca
· A Teenager w/ Life, Courage, &
· 2024 Guanghua Loong New Year G
· Potpourri Simmered from Guangh
· See You @ the Guanghua Gala, P
· Invitation to the Guanghua Gal
· All at Once, Summer Collapsed
【中美洲开曼群岛(Cayman Is'】
【中美洲洪都拉斯(Honduras'2】
【中美洲伯利兹(Belize'2014)】
【非洲纳米比亚(Namibia'2014】
【非洲赞比亚(Zambia'2014)】
【非洲津巴布韦(Zimbabwe'201】
【非洲马达加斯加(Madagascar'】
【非洲肯尼亚(Kenya'2013)】
【非洲塞舌尔群岛(Seychelles'】
【亚洲阿曼(Oman'2013)】
【Galapagos(南美洲达尔文群岛】
【南美洲乌拉圭(Uraguay'2013】
【中美洲牙买加(Jamaica'2009】
【中美洲哥斯达黎加(Costa Rica�】
【中美洲巴拿马(Panama'2009)】
【中美洲哥伦比亚(Columbia'2】
【中美洲阿鲁巴(Aruba'2009)】
【中美洲波多黎各(Puerto Rico】
【中美洲多美尼加(Dominican Rep&#】
【中美洲圣基茨(St.Kitts'200】
【中美洲巴巴多斯(Barbados'2】
【中美洲多米尼克(Dominica'2】
【中美洲圣洁群岛(Virgin Is'】
 
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