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Book Review─Freakonomics(书评─浅议《魔鬼经济学》) 2020-08-07 13:23:30

2020-01-13

【Aiden in English】

        A person strolls past a plastic bag fluttering down the street. In one scenario he ignores the bag—in another, he recycles the trash. Later that day, the local news shows a report of a car crash apparently caused by a plastic bag.

        In a general scope, the individual’s actions did not affect the flow of events in any meaningful way; however, based on his decision, the person may experience a variety of emotions ranging from a twinge of sadness or great personal anguish.

        This scenario is one of many ideas that I constantly think about. I find great intrigue in the philosophy of human nature. Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything by Stephen J. Dubner and Steven Levitt is by far my most recent favorite text. I was drawn to its appeal of philosophy, logic, and straight-up humor. More importantly, I fell in love with its pessimistic view of society combined with a factual, dry delivery of the author’s claims. As a scholar who enjoys a good logical argument with my social studies teachers, complex topics with various approaches are fuel for my mind. In regard to Freakonomics, the book’s challenging views on some societal tenets stimulates my creative senses. Humanity is so very complex. We interact with each other in layered ways, intimately and professionally, building connections into a large, intricate web. The philosophy of human nature has never been more important. Billions of humans are now interwoven into a system spanning the globe. Ideas fly about the world at light speed. In this day and age, a powerful idea has never been more effective.

        As such, humanity is always improving. People develop new technologies, medicines, and ways of thought. Freakonomics and similar works expose flaws in the common consensus. Due to my intrigue in philosophical thinking, I am drawn to these works. Through the identification of incorrect assumptions or false narratives, Freakonomics addresses points in a society where a little bit of deeper thinking highlights the harsh realities in our world and shares potential fixes (the drug dealing business would certainly lose labor supply if people knew most cocaine dealers live in their parent's basement). Furthermore, Freakonomics delves into the core of human nature in its exposing content, whittling down each complex topic into deconstructed nuggets of logic (everyone needs an incentive, conventional wisdom is often wrong, etc.…). 

        While I do not spend time contemplating the economics of selling local drugs, it is to these types of ideas that I deeply relate. The biology of any species is focused on survival; however, humanity has succeeded in innovating past primal needs. With each decade and each century, we march forward with new technology and society-changing ideas (women’s suffrage, freedom of slaves, open religion). Perhaps these ideas derive from a young aspiring child with thinking time on a car ride or a rogue economist who challenges convention at every turn.

        Thoughts spark ideas. Ideas power actions. Actions result in change. Freakonomics constantly reminds me of the beginnings of innovation—that every change in humanity is derived from a thought. One day, my actions will result in change. With challenging ideas that breach social convention, I hope to mirror Stephen J. Dubner and Steven Levitt’s brilliant views and drive for the truth. Their thoughts are the sparks that light the path for the future. Someday, when my actions can stimulate change, I want my ideas to be impactful on this small blue planet.

【红霞译文】

        有人路遇塑料袋在空中飘荡。一种情况下,他视而不见;另一种情况下,他把它丢进回收垃圾箱。那天晚上,当地新闻报道了一起由塑料袋引起的撞车事故。

        从常规角度来看,个人行为在任何意义上不会对事态发展造成影响;然而基于处事方式,他也许要经历一系列悲伤乃至痛苦的情感体验。

        这正是我常常思考的问题之一,因为自己对人性哲学观很感兴趣。迄今为止,我最喜欢由史蒂芬·都伯纳和史蒂芬·列维特合著的《魔鬼经济学·怪诞经济学家探讨万事万物的隐秘一面》,被其授人以渔的哲学理论、逻辑思维以及率直幽默所打动。更为重要地,我甚至痴迷它对社会持悲观看法包括直抒胸臆的笔触。身为酷爱与社会学老师讨论规范逻辑的学生,复杂话题和解答技巧无不成为我思考的动力,话题回到《魔鬼经济学》,该书颠覆社会信条的论点激发了我的创造力。人性极其复杂,我们借助于阶层方式进行既密切又专业地互动沟通,由此建立起庞杂的人际网,人性哲学从未如此重要,数十亿大军融入这种全球化关系脉络当中。思想之光快速引领世界前行之路,在今天这个时代,创新思想从未像现在这样发挥实效。

        因此,人类不断进步,新技术、新药物、新思想层见叠出。尽管《魔鬼经济学》与同类著作都存有缺陷,但因为对哲学思想饶有兴趣,我才被这些作品所吸引。透过现象看本质,《魔鬼经济学》谈论的是一些社会问题,揭示人类世界所面临的严酷现实,并提出可能的解决办法(如果人们知道多数毒贩子住在父母家地下室的话,那么毒品交易肯定会丧失劳力供给)。此外,《魔鬼经济学》不乏探究人性核心,将每个复杂的主题分解为非结构性有价值的逻辑版块(人人都需要动力、传统智慧常常是错误的、等等……)。

        虽未多想由当地贩毒所涉及到的经济学问题,但我密切关注这类思想动态。任何物种的生物学都以生存为本;然而,人类已经成功改良了以往原始需求。每十年每世纪中,技术创新和社会变迁思想(妇女选举权、奴隶享有自由,宗教开放)无不推动我们向前发展,也许这些思想归功于一位有抱负的青少年在车上异想天开或怪诞经济学家随时随地挑战常规。

        观念激发思想,思想驱使行为,行为导致变化。《魔鬼经济学》经常让我想起创新伊始—人类每一个变化都源于观念,但愿有朝一日,我的行为也能带来改变。我要学习两位作家胸怀大志追求真理的精神,勇于解放禁锢思想,让他们的观念成为点燃未来之路的火花。如果将来我的行为真能促成变化时,希望我的思想能对小小的蓝色星球产生影响。

Today in History(历史上的今天):

2011: 笑话小品(Skit)

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Crosslinks(相关博文):

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6th Grade Book Review─Head above Water(书评《浮出水面》)

6th Grade Book Review─Urban Outlaws(书评─浅议《城市水浒传》)

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· Suzhou Tiger Hill, China(苏州
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· Suzhou—Lion Grove Garden, Chin
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· Wild Mania Safari, Botswana(游
· Chobe NP, Botswana(博茨瓦纳巨
· Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe(津巴
· Cape Town the Legislative Capi
· From Indian to Atlantic Ocean,
· Safari in Tala Game Reserve, S
· Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park
· Maputo Eccentric Elephant Fetu
【Ecuador(南美洲厄瓜多尔'20】
· Santa Cruz Island, Ecuador(厄
· Kicker Rock/Witch Hill, Ecuado
· Frigatebird Hill, Ecuador(厄瓜
· N.Seymour, Ecuador(厄瓜多尔北
· Bachas Beach, Ecuador(厄瓜多尔
· Bartolome Island, Ecuador(厄瓜
· Sullivan Bay of Santiago Is, E
· Isabella Island, Ecuador(厄瓜
· Rabida Island, Ecuador(厄瓜多
· James Bay of Santiago Is, Ecua
【Brazil(南美洲巴西'2013)】
· Rio de Janeiro—Carnival City,
· Rio de Janeiro the Marvellous
· Capital Brasilia, Brazil(巴西
· Break in Brazil(巴西旅途间隙)
· Iguazu Falls, Brazil(巴西伊瓜
【Argentina(南美洲阿根廷'20】
· Iguazu NP, Argentina(阿根廷伊
· Buenos Aires—S. American Paris
· Buenos Aires—Fair Winds, Argen
· Buenos Aires—Good Airs, Argent
· Puerto Madryn the Diving Capit
· New Year's Eve @ Sea, Arg
· Malvinas/Falkland Is(马尔维纳
· Glacier Alley & Ushuaia, C
【Chile(南美洲智利'2012)】
· Cape Horn the Furious Fifties,
· Glacier Alley & Ushuaia, C
· Antarctic Dream(南极梦)
· Amalia Tidewater Glacier, Chil
· Puerto Montt the Fujiyama City
· Valparaiso the Pacific Jewel,
· Vina Del Mar the Garden City,
· Santiago—City of the Island, C
· Capital Santiago, Chile(智利首
· Easter Island—Moai Statues, Ch
【S.America(漂流南美洲'2012】
· Santa Cruz Island, Ecuador(厄
· Kicker Rock/Witch Hill, Ecuado
· Frigatebird Hill, Ecuador(厄瓜
· N.Seymour, Ecuador(厄瓜多尔北
· Bachas Beach, Ecuador(厄瓜多尔
· Bartolome Island, Ecuador(厄瓜
· Sullivan Bay of Santiago Is, E
· Isabella Island, Ecuador(厄瓜
· Rabida Island, Ecuador(厄瓜多
· James Bay of Santiago Is, Ecua
【非洲埃及(Egypt'2011)】
· 埃及首都开罗(Capital Cairo, Eg
· 埃及感谢城—红海度假胜地(Hurgha
· 埃及香水文化(Egyptian Perfume)
· 埃及最大的卢克索神殿(Luxor the
· 埃及最老的卡纳克神殿(Karnak th
· 埃及哈布城神殿祭庙(Medinet Hab
· 埃及热气球空游底比斯(Hot-Air B
· 埃及尼罗河游轮(Cruising on the
· 埃及金城二神庙(Temple of Kom O
· 埃及阿布辛贝双神庙(Twin Temple
【Africa(漫游非洲'2011-14)】
· Nothing like Johannesburg, SA(
· Wild Mania Safari, Botswana(游
· Chobe NP, Botswana(博茨瓦纳巨
· Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe(津巴
· Cape Town the Legislative Capi
· From Indian to Atlantic Ocean,
· Safari in Tala Game Reserve, S
· Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park
· Maputo Eccentric Elephant Fetu
· New Year's Day on Mozambi
【大洋洲澳大利亚(Australia'】
· 澳洲蓝山国家公园和高山岩洞(Blu
· 澳洲商业中心悉尼(Sydney, Austr
· 澳洲艾尔斯财富继承人巨石(Ayers
· 澳洲大洋路(Great Ocean Rd, Aus
· 澳洲墨尔本—文学城(Melbourne—UN
· 相约澳洲首都堪培拉(Reunion in
· 澳洲仙企鹅游行(Fairy Penguin P
· 澳洲塔斯马尼亚荒原(Tasmanian W
· 骑在羊背上的国家(Riding on She
【大洋洲新西兰(New Zealand'】
· 新西兰峡湾国家公园(Fiordland N
· 新西兰达尼丁—文学城(Dunedin—UN
· 新西兰达尼丁一南方的爱丁堡(Dun
· 新西兰基督城—花园之城(Christch
· 新西兰首都惠灵顿—风城(Capital
· 新西兰圣水地热奇境(Waiotapu Th
· 新西兰第二湖市—硫磺之城(Rotoru
· 新西兰陶波湖区(Lake Taupo, NZ)
· 新西兰萤火虫水洞(Waitomo Gloww
· 新西兰奥克兰异乡重逢(Reunion i
【横渡大洋洲(Oceania'2009-1】
· 澳洲蓝山国家公园和高山岩洞(Blu
· 澳洲商业中心悉尼(Sydney, Austr
· 澳洲艾尔斯财富继承人巨石(Ayers
· 澳洲大洋路(Great Ocean Rd, Aus
· 澳洲墨尔本—文学城(Melbourne—UN
· 相约澳洲首都堪培拉(Reunion in
· 澳洲仙企鹅游行(Fairy Penguin P
· 澳洲塔斯马尼亚荒原(Tasmanian W
· 骑在羊背上的国家(Riding on She
· 新西兰峡湾国家公园(Fiordland N
【Caribbean(航游加勒比海'20】
· Farewell to Riviera Maya, Mexi
· Tulum Mayan Ruins, Mexico(墨西
· Chichen Itza Mayan Ruins, Mexi
· Cancun Getaway, Mexico(墨西哥
· Punchliner on Carnival(嘉年华·
· Sandbar—Offshore Bar, Grand Ca
· Roatán the Coral Reef, Hondura
· Water Caye—Barrier Reef, Beliz
· Cozumel, Mexico(墨西哥燕岛)
· Scavenger Hunt at Sea(海上寻宝
【夏威夷(Hawaii'2007)】
· 游轮的日子(Cruising on Pride o
· 家园州火神岛—相聚之岛(Oahu the
· 家园州可爱岛—花园之岛(Kauai th
· 花园州茂宜岛—火神之岛(Maui, Go
· 家园州大岛(Hawaii the Big Isla
· 出游契机(Excuse)
【Junior(大学三年级'2023-24】
· 1-Michelin-Starred Gramercy Ta
· One-Michelin-Starred Estela, N
· Snow Pleasure of the Fleeting
· Convivial Lunches in Holiday S
· Reunion of GHCS Class 2017, PA
· Chinatown & Little Italy,
· 2023 Thanksgiving @ CGCC, PA(
· Turkey Day @ Jumbo Seafood Buf
· Little Fujian in Manhattan Enc
· Manhattan-Brooklyn Bridges, NY
【Sophomore(大学二年级'2022】
· Quiet Quitting for Summer Brea
· Cost of a Couch Potato(躺平的
· House Interior Painting(粉刷房
· Juneteenth Weekend Dined @ Nec
· Move in East Village for Inter
· Memorial Luncheon @ Legal Sea
· Welcome Home Lunch @ China Gou
· NYU Sophomore Move-out Day, NY
· Godspeed Sophomore Spring Brea
· Spring Break—Open to the Whole
【Freshman(大学一年级'2021-】
· Freshman Yr @ Washington Sq, N
· NYU Freshman Move-out Day, NYC
· Godspeed Spring Break in Newar
· Hazy Shade of Winter in Jr. Sp
· Back-to-School Day in Newark,
· 1st Snowflakes on 5-Bean Day(
· Liberty State Park, NJ(新州自
· Wandering in Seaport, NYC(纽约
· A Flyaway Kite on NYU Move-in
【12th Grade(高中四年级'202】
· 2021 NPHS Commencement Ceremon
· NPHS Class of 2021 Senior Clas
· The Progressive Tiger(老虎在进
· Thank-You Note to a History Te
· Thank-You Note to an English T
· Sr. Prom for Class of 2021(202
· Special Talents(特殊才能)
· Shape Perspective & Identi
· Intellectual & Academic In
· How to Use College Education(
【11th Grade(高中三年级'201】
· Uniqueness(杂谈与众不同)
· Book Report—A Deep Dive into a
· Dead Dog in the Street(街头死
· Film Criticism—Webs of Intrica
· Film Criticism—Character Movie
· Brains in Comedy(幽默思维)
· The Graveyard(归宿)
· 2020 Free Summer English Writi
· Poem—What’s in the Closet?(诗
· An Attempt on Leadership(初试
【10th Grade(高中二年级'201】
· Beijing—Last Day in Hometown,
· Cheng Mansion Banquet, China(
· Nanjing—Ever Cry, Never Life(
· Suzhou Museum by I.M. Pei, Chi
· Suzhou Shantang Hist & Cul
· Suzhou Cold Hill Temple, China
· Suzhou Tiger Hill, China(苏州
· Suzhou—Pan Gate Scenic Area, C
· Suzhou—Venice of the East, Chi
· Suzhou—Lion Grove Garden, Chin
【9th Grade(高中一年级'2017】
· Beijing—Tong Ren Tang the Trad
· Beijing—Wangfujing the Prosper
· Beijing—Heart for Friendship,
· Nanjing—Brotherly Affection, C
· Shanghai-Nanjing Intercity Rai
· Shanghai the Magic City, China
· Shanghai—Paris of the East, Ch
· Shanghai Bund—Pearl of the Ori
· Shanghai—Starbucks Reserve Roa
· Shanghai—A Bite of Local Cuisi
【8th Grade(初中三年级'2016】
· Alpine Waterfront Towns, Swiss
· Einsiedeln—Abbey & Cheeses
· Alpine Potpourri, Swiss(瑞士白
· Lucerne—Pilatus the Dragon Mtn
· Lucerne—Heart of the Country,
· Lucerne—Salvation through Chri
· Lucerne—Romantic Pearl of Swis
· Lucerne the Mournful Lion, Swi
· Lucerne the Chapel Bridge, Swi
· Lucerne—Variety of Standard, S
【7th Grade(初中二年级'2015】
· 2016 MontCo Youth Field Day(20
· Windsor the Royal Borough, UK(
· Salisbury—Britain's Talle
· Ringwood the Market Town, UK(
· New Forest NP, UK(英格兰新森林
· Woodhenge—Neolithic Calendar,
· Stonehenge the Giant's Ri
· Seine Estuary, France(法国塞纳
· Le Havre the Rebuilt City, Fra
· The Seine in Paris, France(法
【6th Grade(初中一年级'2014】
· Istanbul—Topkapi Palace, Turke
· Istanbul—Gate of Felicity, Tur
· Istanbul Grand Bazaar, Turkey(
· Golden Horn @ Marmara Sea, Tur
· Bosporus Strait the Narrowest(
· Nessebar—Thracian Influence, B
· Constanta the Oldest City, ROU
· Bucharest—La Belle Epoque, Rom
· Bucharest—Balkan Paris, Romani
· Dimitrie Gusti Natl Village Mu
【5th Grade(小学五年级'2013】
· Playdate on Labor Day(劳工节邀
· Labor Day Weekend Bowling(劳工
· Labor Day Weekend Party(劳工节
· GHCS Camp─Last Day(光华夏令营
· GHCS Camp─Spoons Card Game(光
· GHCS Camp─Origami(光华夏令营折
· GHCS Camp─Yo Yo-2(光华夏令营抖
· GHCS Camp─Last Week(光华夏令营
· Reunion w/ Old Friends(老友重
· YMCA Camp─Last Day(基督教青年
【小学四年级(4th Grade'2012】
· 费城自然博物馆(Academy of Natu
· 新草州守卫者谷国家休闲区(Sandy
· 2013年蒙郡青少年野营日(2013 Mo
· 从美国奇幻小说了解中国汉代传说
· 好斗者州开阔湾(Rehoboth Bay, D
· Lavner Video Game Design Camp(
· 从俄国浪漫到革命(From Russian
· 宾之小树林州法国溪流州立公园(F
· Drama Camp-5(戏剧夏令营之五)
· 费城管弦乐团“体育大观”(Sports-
【小学三年级(3rd Grade'2011】
· 巴西签证纽约行(Brazilian Visa,
· 2012年蒙郡青少年野营日(2012 Mo
· 烟囱雨燕驻我家(Chimney Swift)
· 朋友生日聚会(David's B-D
· Tennis Camp(网球夏令营)
· Music Man Jr. Stills(《小音乐
· Music Man Jr(《小音乐人》)
· 水上派对(Pool Party @ Maplewoo
· Camp Report(夏令营简讯)
· Drama Rehearsal(戏剧排练)
【小学二年级(2nd Grade'2010】
· Drama-Sports Camp-5(文体营之五
· Drama-Sports Camp-4(文体营之四
· Drama-Sports Camp-3(文体营之三
· Drama-Sports Camp-2(文体营之二
· Drama-Sports Camp-1(文体营之一
· 二年级戏剧夏令营(Second-Grade
· 业余活动(Extracurricular Activ
· 二年级夏令营(Second-Grade Summ
· 二年级结业典礼(Second Grade Ce
· 胚胎发育学(Embryology)
【小学一年级(1st Grade'2009】
· 澳洲蓝山国家公园和高山岩洞(Blu
· 澳洲商业中心悉尼(Sydney, Austr
· 澳洲艾尔斯财富继承人巨石(Ayers
· 澳洲大洋路(Great Ocean Rd, Aus
· 澳洲墨尔本—文学城(Melbourne—UN
· 相约澳洲首都堪培拉(Reunion in
· 澳洲仙企鹅游行(Fairy Penguin P
· 澳洲塔斯马尼亚荒原(Tasmanian W
· 骑在羊背上的国家(Riding on She
· 新西兰峡湾国家公园(Fiordland N
【学前班(Kindergarten'2008-】
· 牙买加八条河—冒险之都(Ocho Rio
· 哥斯达黎加—奇山异水(Colorful T
· 巴拿马运河(Panama Canal)
· 哥伦比亚卡塔赫纳—魔城(Cartagen
· 阿鲁巴—开心之岛(One Happy Isla
· 花州迈阿密古巴风味(Cuban Cuisi
· 两个星期(夏令营之后开学之前)
· 算术─孩子的花销(Math on Raisin
· 夏令营(Summer Camp)
· 证书奖状奖杯(Awards)
【幼儿班(Preschool'2007-08)】
· 吃在嘉年华·佳运号游轮(Cuisine
· 波多黎各富港—妩媚之岛(Island o
· 多米尼加—水淙石之国(Larimar Do
· 圣基茨和尼维斯火山岛(Volcanic
· 巴巴多斯—盛夏光年(Eternal Summ
· 多米尼克—加勒比天然岛(Nature I
· 双圣徒岛—加勒比海门户(Caribbea
· 游轮的日子(Cruising on Pride o
· 家园州火神岛—相聚之岛(Oahu the
· 家园州可爱岛—花园之岛(Kauai th
【万花筒(Kaleidoscope)】
· 2024 Teachers' Appreciati
· 2024 Loong Year Heralded w/ Au
· Lunar New Year Woodblock Print
· A Well-Sprouted Cardamom w/ Ca
· A Teenager w/ Life, Courage, &
· 2024 Guanghua Loong New Year G
· Potpourri Simmered from Guangh
· See You @ the Guanghua Gala, P
· Invitation to the Guanghua Gal
· All at Once, Summer Collapsed
【中美洲开曼群岛(Cayman Is'】
【中美洲洪都拉斯(Honduras'2】
【中美洲伯利兹(Belize'2014)】
【非洲纳米比亚(Namibia'2014】
【非洲赞比亚(Zambia'2014)】
【非洲津巴布韦(Zimbabwe'201】
【非洲马达加斯加(Madagascar'】
【非洲肯尼亚(Kenya'2013)】
【非洲塞舌尔群岛(Seychelles'】
【亚洲阿曼(Oman'2013)】
【Galapagos(南美洲达尔文群岛】
【南美洲乌拉圭(Uraguay'2013】
【中美洲牙买加(Jamaica'2009】
【中美洲哥斯达黎加(Costa Rica�】
【中美洲巴拿马(Panama'2009)】
【中美洲哥伦比亚(Columbia'2】
【中美洲阿鲁巴(Aruba'2009)】
【中美洲波多黎各(Puerto Rico】
【中美洲多美尼加(Dominican Rep&#】
【中美洲圣基茨(St.Kitts'200】
【中美洲巴巴多斯(Barbados'2】
【中美洲多米尼克(Dominica'2】
【中美洲圣洁群岛(Virgin Is'】
 
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