2013-04-05 
【Aiden in English】
San Cristobal Island was the easternmost island in the archipelago and one of the oldest eroded volcanoes, ascending to moist highlands nearly 2,400 feet/730 meters above sea level geologically. It was the first island Charles Darwin visited in the Galapagos in 1835. Several endemic species and subspecies of flora had evolved in San Cristobal. Still, the human impact had severely damaged much of the island; the once extensive Scalesia daisy forest had been choked out by introduced guava, and the iconic zone was now only a remnant of its former extent. In the morning, Puerto Baquerizo Moreno looked like the sleepy capital of the Galapagos Province. Artisan fishing and tour boats moored along the coast, and a large colony of playful Galapagos Sea Lions walked across the beach and on the boardwalk. Mom and I went onshore and steadily trotted through the Galapagos National Park with our naturalist to a trail on Frigatebird Hill. This hill had a rich diversity of flora and was blooming with endemic flowering plants across the vegetation zones in the Galapagos. In the coastal zone, salts, such as those found in mangrove trees and salt bushes, influence vegetation. In the arid zone, the giant saguaro and prickly pear cacti were tall enough to shield us from the blistering hot sun. In a transition zone, tall trees were replaced by low and dense bushes. Pega (Pisonia floribunda) grew abundantly, while Cacaotillo (Miconia robinsoniana) was in danger of extinction. In the humid zone, the Pawpaw tree grew predominantly up to 66 feet/20 meters tall, alongside the Guava tree. The trailing vegetation consisted of bushes, lianas, bromeliads, numerous species of ferns, orchids, mosses, liverworts, and lichens that symbiotically wove through trunks, branches, stems, and even leaves of some species. Monarch Caterpillar is caterpillarically fed on green leaves. Passion Flowers, Petunia, and Morning Glories leaned everywhere, attracting Darwin Finch to dance and San Cristobal Mockingbird to sing harmoniously. An American-made cannon stood in a vista. It had played an essential part in protecting the Panama Canal during World War II and was later taken over by the Ecuadorian Navy in the early 1970s for military exercises. A statue of Charles Darwin stood on the original site where he first disembarked in the Galapagos Islands during the voyage of the Beagle about 178 years ago. He left with "Origin of Species". After a fast-paced walk along Frigatebird Hill in the park, we entered the Interpretation Center, which traced the history back to a priest who came in 1535 and declared that the islands were cursed by God because there was no fresh water. It also exhibited the formation of the Galapagos, the variety of wildlife, the arrival and impact of man, and the importance of conservation. The displays made it the best visitor center in the Galapagos Islands. Frigatebird Hill was one of the most popular places we knew better about the natural habitat of wild flora in the Galapagos. 【紅霞譯】 聖克里斯托瓦爾“基督承載者”島位於加拉帕戈斯“巨龜”群島最東面，地質上由最老的火山持續上升至潮濕高地，海拔2,400英尺／730米，1835年查爾斯·達爾文“自由人·親愛的朋友”首次從這裡登陸加拉帕戈斯群島。繁衍在該島的某些特有植物種屬和亞種屬隨生長環境不同而出現表徵變異，不過人為因素給當地生態環境帶來的影響更大，大片雛菊林已遭受外來引入的番石榴嚴重威脅，野牡丹植被帶幾乎瀕於滅絕，發人深省。 清早，加拉帕戈斯群島省城巴克里索·莫雷諾“牧民·黝黑”港尚未甦醒，漁船遊輪擺渡仍在碼頭集結待命，大批貪玩的加拉帕戈斯海獅已經開始岸邊活動，有的甚至爬到人行浮橋大搖大擺逛街溜彎。
我和媽媽隨導遊一行多人由此登陸後，便直奔加拉帕戈斯國家公園軍艦鳥山，觀摩豐富多樣的植被生態和無以倫比的珍稀物種。 沿海地帶的紅樹林和耐鹽灌木因受海水影響而具有高鹽耐受能力，乾旱區的巨型仙人掌和仙人球林頂天立地，為我們遮日擋陽，全然不在話下。過渡區中高大的樹木林被低矮茂密的灌木叢取代，豐花松果藤繁茂，城堡野牡丹等加拉帕戈斯群島特有的珍稀植物卻越來越少。濕潤區多姿多彩：木瓜樹高達66英尺／20米；番石榴樹欲與天公試比高；蔓生植物由灌木、藤本、鳳梨、若干蕨類、蘭花、苔蘚、地錢和地衣混合組成，常常與某些種屬的樹幹、樹枝，葉莖，甚至葉片共生在一起，表現得親密無間；斑蝶毛毛蟲吃素，對具有光合功能的宿主並不挑剔；西番蓮、喇叭花和牽牛花嬌艷奪目，“林花長似錦，四季色常新”；達爾文雀歡舞，聖克里斯托瓦爾仿聲鳥歌唱，“飄飄仙袂縷黃金，相對弄清音”，軍艦鳥山因為“天北天南繞路邊，托根無處不延綿”而生態濟濟，大自然到處溫馨和悅。 美國製造的榴彈炮成為軍艦鳥山旅遊熱線上的景點之一，二戰期間不僅保衛過巴拿馬“多魚之地”運河，上世紀七十年代初期又參與了厄瓜多爾“赤道”海軍軍事演習。 達爾文雕像矗立在偉人第一次登陸的地方，178年前達爾文乘坐比格“小獵犬”號來到加拉帕戈斯群島，從此《物種起源》像星星之火，燎原了整個世界。 很快轉完軍艦鳥山之後，我們又來到公園展覽中心參觀，該館上溯1535年第一位牧師來此布道，宣稱因為上帝詛咒才使加拉帕戈斯群島缺乏淡水資源；下至加拉帕戈斯群島的由來、野生動物多樣性、人類的出現及影響與加拉帕戈斯群島自然保護的重要性，內容豐富且圖文並茂，算是加拉帕戈斯群島背景介紹最全面的遊客服務部。 “遠芳侵古道晴翠接荒城”，軍艦鳥山是我們了解加拉帕戈斯群島野生植被生態最佳去處之一。 Today in History(歷史上的今天): 2013: Kicker Rock/Witch Hill, Ecuador(厄瓜多爾睡獅岩女巫嶺) 2012: 三年級春假(3rd Grade Spring Break)
2011: 埃及紙莎草紙畫(Papyrus Painting, Egypt) 2011: 埃及孟斐斯和薩卡拉(Memphis & Saqqara, Egypt) 2011: 埃及吉薩金字塔(Giza Necropolis, Egypt)  San Cristóbal Island, the Oldest Permanent Settlement in the Galápagos
(聖克里斯托瓦爾島·加拉帕戈斯群島最古老的永久定居點 04-05-2013)  Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, the Administrative Center of the Galapagos Province
(巴克里索·莫雷諾港——加拉帕戈斯省的行政中心 04-05-2013)  A Seal, Basking on the Dockyard (海獅躺在船塢上)
 Artisan Fishery, Particularly Good for Marlin Fishing w/ Productive Deep-wWter Drops Accessible Offshore
(手工漁業·特別適合釣馬林魚，近海有豐富的深水水域)  Galapagos Sea Lions Waddling onto Malecón San Cristobal
(巨龜島海獅·蹣跚地走向聖克里斯托瓦爾河畔馬雷貢“海濱長廊”)  Galapagos Sea Lions Parading across the Boardwalk @ Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
(巴克里索·莫雷諾港——巨龜島海獅遊行穿過木板路 04-05-2013)  Baquerizo Moreno Town Founded in the Mid-1800s
(巴克里索莫雷諾港鎮·始建於19世紀中葉 04-05-2013)  Hiking toward Frigatebird Hill
(向軍艦鳥山挺進 04-05-2013)  Castillo Shrub Sufferign Cladoptosis & Being a Source of Rubber
(城堡灌木·患有枝狀枯萎病和作為橡膠的來源 04-05-2013)  Prickly Pear Forest (仙人果林 04-05-2013)
 Liana Tree, a Long-Stemmed Woody Vine
(藤本樹·長莖木質藤本植物 04-05-2013)  War Cannon Protecting a Vital International Shipping Route
(榴彈炮·保護重要的國際航運路線 04-05-2013) 
Darwin Sculpture Commemorating His 1st Landing and Groundbreaking Research on the Islands' Unique Biodiversity (達爾文雕像·紀念其首次登陸和對島嶼獨特生物多樣化的開創性研究 04-05-2013)  Darwin Harbor, a Thriving Ecosystem w/ Diverse Marine Life
(達爾文港·擁有豐富多樣海洋生物的繁榮生態系統 04-05-2013)  Interpretation Ctr, a Coverage of the Islands' History, Geology, Unique Wildlife, & Conservation Efforts
(展示中心·涵蓋島嶼的歷史、地質、獨特的野生動物和保護工作等內容 04-05-2013)  巨龜島西斑圓蛛、斑蝶毛毛蟲
 San Cristobal Mockingbird (聖克里斯托瓦爾仿生鳥)
 Large Ground Finch, the Largest of Darwin's Finches, Both in Overall Size & Beak Size
(大嘴地雀·達爾文雀中體型最大、 喙部最大的雀類)
 Galápagos Lava Lizard Capable of Tail Detachment as a Defense Mechanism
(加拉帕戈斯熔岩蜥·具有斷尾求生防禦機制)  矮牽牛、木槿、西番蓮、木棉花
牽牛花、野生棉鈴、聖誕耳蕨、早熟禾  錦葵、苘麻、白花蛇舌草、仙人掌
苔蘚樹、地衣樹、仙人掌、仙人掌花  黑刺槐、單子山楂、金雨樹、木瓜樹
大戟科果、蓖麻豆、紅蝴蝶花蕊、耶路撒冷刺
Crosslinks(相關博文):
2013: San Critobal's Kicker Rock/Witch Hill(巨龜群島睡獅岩女巫嶺)
2013: N.Seymour Is, Birdwatch in Galapagos(巨龜群島北西摩島·觀鳥) 2013: St Cruz's Bachas Beach, Galapagos(巨龜群島聖克魯斯島·巴查斯海灘) 2013: Bartolome Is Pinnacled in Galapagos(巨龜群島巴托洛梅島·尖峰岩) 2013: Santiego's Sullivan Bay, Galapagos(巨龜群島聖地亞哥島·蘇利文灣) 2013: Isabella Is, the Largest & Wildest(伊莎貝拉島·巨龜群島最大最野) 2013: Rabida Is w/ Red Beaches, Galapagos(巨龜群島拉比達島·紅沙灘) 2013: Santiego's James Bay, Galapagos(巨龜群島聖地亞哥島·詹姆斯灣) 2013: Baltra & Daphine Is, Galapagos(巨龜群島巴爾特拉島和達芙妮島) Ecuador(出遊厄瓜多爾)
South America(漂流南美洲) 小學四年級(4th Grade) | 
